Vincetoxicum

Vincetoxicum
Vincetoxicum nigrum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae
Tribe: Asclepiadeae
Genus: Vincetoxicum
Wolf 1776 not Walter 1788
Type species
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria
Medik.
Synonyms
List
    • Alexitoxicon St.-Lag.
    • Amblyoglossum Turcz.
    • Antitoxicum Pobed.
    • Belostemma Wall. ex Wight
    • Biondia Schltr.
    • Blyttia Arn.
    • Diploglossum Meisn.
    • Diplostigma K.Schum.
    • Goydera Liede
    • Haplostemma Endl.
    • Henrya Hemsl., nom. illeg.
    • Henryastrum Happ
    • Homolostyles Wall. ex Wight
    • Homostyles Wall. ex Hook.f., not validly publ.
    • Hoyopsis H.Lév.
    • Hybanthera Endl.
    • Iphisia Wight & Arn.
    • Ischnostemma King & Gamble
    • Merrillanthus Chun & Tsiang
    • Microstephanus N.E.Br.
    • Nanostelma Baill.
    • Neohenrya Hemsl., nom. superfl.
    • Oncostemma K.Schum.
    • Pentabothra Hook.f.
    • Pentastelma Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li
    • Pleurostelma Baill.
    • Podostelma K.Schum.
    • Pseudopentatropis Costantin
    • Pycnostelma Bunge ex Decne.
    • Rhodostegiella (Pobed.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li
    • Rhyncharrhena F.Muell.
    • Sphaerocodon Benth.
    • Spirella Costantin
    • Tylophora R.Br.
    • Tylophoropsis N.E.Br.
    • Vincetoxicopsis Costantin

Vincetoxicum is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae. Although the species in Vincetoxicum have sometimes been included in Cynanchum, chemical and molecular evidence shows that Vincetoxicum is more closely related to Tylophora, now included in Vincetoxicum. The generic name means "poison-beater" in Botanical Latin because of the plants' supposed antidotal effects against snakebite.

Species

Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of 2025:

formerly included

moved to other genera (Alexitoxicon, Antitoxicum, Asclepias, Blyttia, Cynanchum, Dictyanthus, Diplolepis, Gonolobus, Heterostemma, Macroscepis, Matelea, Orthosia, Pentatropis, Petalostelma, Polystemma)

  1. V. abyssinicum - Cynanchum abyssinicum
  2. V. acutissimum - Matelea acutissima
  3. V. acutum - Cynanchum acutum
  4. V. adalinae - Cynanchum adalinae
  5. V. adenocardium - Matelea adenocardia
  6. V. affine - Cynanchum mooreanum
  7. V. africanum - Cynanchum africanum
  8. V. alabamense - Matelea alabamensis
  9. V. alatum - Cynanchum alatum
  10. V. albidum - Alexitoxicon albidum
  11. V. alpicolum - Alexitoxicon alpicola
  12. V. ambiguum - Cynanchum ambiguum
  13. V. amplexicaule - Cynanchum amplexicaule
  14. V. angulatum - Orthosia scoparia
  15. V. angustilobum - Matelea angustiloba
  16. V. aphyllum - Orthosia scoparia
  17. V. arenosum - Cynanchum arenosum
  18. V. ascyrifolium - Cynanchum ascyrifolium
  19. V. asperum - Gonolobus asper
  20. V. astephanoides - Marsdenia astephanoides
  21. V. atratum - Cynanchum atratum
  22. V. atrocoronatum - Matelea atrocoronata
  23. V. auriculatum - Cynanchum auriculatum
  24. V. baldwinianum - Matelea baldwyniana
  25. V. balfourianum - Cynanchum forrestii
  26. V. barbatum - Gonolobus barbatus
  27. V. belizense - Matelea belizensis
  28. V. bifidum - Gonolobus bifidus
  29. V. biondioides - Cynanchum biondioides
  30. V. boerhaviaefolium - Diplolepis boerhaviifolia
  31. V. bojerianum - Cynanchum bojerianum
  32. V. brandtii - Cynanchum brandtii
  33. V. brevicoronatum - Matelea brevicoronata
  34. V. bulligerum - Cynanchum bulligerum
  35. V. calcaratum - Heterostemma acuminatum
  36. V. calcicola - Matelea calcicola
  37. V. callialatum - Cynanchum callialatum
  38. V. campechianum - Matelea campechiana
  39. V. camporum - Matelea camporum
  40. V. capense - Pentatropis capensis
  41. V. carolinense - Matelea carolinensis
  42. V. caudatum - Matelea caudata
  43. V. cavanillesii - Gonolobus niger
  44. V. chekiangense - Cynanchum chekiangense
  45. V. chiapense - Gonolobus chiapensis
  46. V. chihuahuense - Matelea chihuahuensis
  47. V. chiloense - Cynanchum pachyphyllum
  48. V. chinense - Cynanchum mooreanum
  49. V. chiriquense - Gonolobus chiriquensis
  50. V. chrysanthum - Matelea chrysantha
  51. V. congestum - Orthosia urceolata
  52. V. crenatum - Matelea crenata
  53. V. cteniophorum - Gonolobus cteniophorus
  54. V. cyclophyllum - Matelea cyclophylla
  55. V. cynanchoides - Matelea cynanchoides
  56. V. dalhousiae - Cynanchum dalhousiae
  57. V. dasystephanum - Gonolobus dasystephanus
  58. V. diadematum - Macroscepis diademata
  59. V. dombeyanum - Cynanchum dombeyanum
  60. V. dubium - Gonolobus albomarginatus
  61. V. edule - Gonolobus edulis
  62. V. eichleri - Orthosia eichleri
  63. V. erianthum - Gonolobus erianthus
  64. V. erubescens - Cynanchum pedunculatum
  65. V. eurychitoides - Cynanchum eurychitoides
  66. V. excelsum - Cynanchum acutum
  67. V. fimbriatum - Matelea cumanensis
  68. V. flavidulum - Matelea flavidula
  69. V. floridanum - Matelea floridana
  70. V. fordii - Cynanchum fordii
  71. V. formosanum - Cynanchum ovalifolium
  72. V. forrestii - Cynanchum forrestii
  73. V. fraternum - Gonolobus fraternus
  74. V. fruticulosum - Blyttia fruticulosa
  75. V. fuscum - Gonolobus fuscus
  76. V. gentlei - Matelea gentlei
  77. V. glaucescens - Cynanchum glaucescens
  78. V. gonocarpos - Gonolobus suberosus
  79. V. gracilipes - Cynanchum taihangense
  80. V. grandiflorum Standl. not (R. Br.) Kuntze - Matelea fulvida
  81. V. greggii - Matelea greggii
  82. V. guilleminianum - Orthosia guilleminiana
  83. V. hancockianum - Cynanchum mongolicum
  84. V. hastulatum - Matelea hastulata
  85. V. hatchii - Matelea magnifolia
  86. V. heydei - Cynanchum heydei
  87. V. hirtellum - Metastelma hirtellum
  88. V. holstii - Cynanchum abyssinicum
  89. V. hydrophilum - Cynanchum hydrophilum
  90. V. insulanum - Cynanchum insulanum
  91. V. jacquemontianum - Cynanchum jacquemontianum
  92. V. jaliscense - Gonolobus jaliscensis
  93. V. japonicum var. grayanum - Cynanchum grayanum
  94. V. kitagawae - Cynanchum inamoenum
  95. V. krameri - Cynanchum krameri
  96. V. kunthii - Cynanchum kunthii
  97. V. lasiostomum - Gonolobus lasiostomus
  98. V. lateriflorum - Cynanchum mongolicum
  99. V. leptocladum - Cynanchum leptocladum
  100. V. lesueurii - Matelea lesueurii
  101. V. limprichtii - Cynanchum forrestii
  102. V. linearifolium - Cynanchum stauntonii
  103. V. linearisepalum - Cynanchum linearisepalum
  104. V. linifolium - Cynanchum linifolium
  105. V. littorale - Dictyanthus asper
  106. V. lundellii - Gonolobus cteniophorus
  107. V. luteum Sieber ex Boiss. not Hoffmanns. & Link - Asclepias lutea
  108. V. macranthum - Gonolobus macranthus
  109. V. macrophyllum var. nikoensis - Cynanchum inamoenum
  110. V. magnifolium - Matelea magnifolia
  111. V. mandschuricum - Cynanchum versicolor
  112. V. mannii - Cynanchum adalinae subsp. mannii
  113. V. medium - Antitoxicum medium
  114. V. megacarphum - Dictyanthus asper
  115. V. melanthum - Orthosia melantha
  116. V. microphyllum - Cynanchum microphyllum
  117. V. mongolicum - Cynanchum mongolicum
  118. V. mucronatum - Cynanchum chilense
  119. V. muliense - Cynanchum forrestii
  120. V. multiflorum - Cynanchum multiflorum
  121. V. multinerve - Cynanchum atratum
  122. V. myrtifolium - Cynanchum myrtifolium
  123. V. nemorosum - Cynanchum pachyphyllum
  124. V. nigrescens - Matelea nigrescens
  125. V. nummulariifolium - Diplolepis nummulariifolia
  126. V. oaxacanum - Matelea oaxacana
  127. V. obliquum - Matelea obliqua
  128. V. oblongatum - Matelea oblongata
  129. V. obtusifolium - Cynanchum obtusifolium
  130. V. ochroleucum - Alexitoxicon ochroleucum
  131. V. otophyllum - Cynanchum otophyllum
  132. V. pachylepis - Marsdenia araujacea
  133. V. pachyphyllum - Cynanchum pachyphyllum
  134. V. parvifolium - Matelea parvifolia
  135. V. patagonicum - Diplolepis nummulariifolia
  136. V. pauciflorum - Cynanchum atratum
  137. V. pectinatum - Gonolobus pectinatus
  138. V. petiolare - Matelea petiolaris
  139. V. petrense - Cynanchum petrense
  140. V. petrophilum - Alexitoxicon petrophilum
  141. V. pinguifolium - Matelea pinguifolia
  142. V. pittieri - Matelea picturata
  143. V. polyanthum - Cynanchum polyanthum
  144. V. porphyranthum - Matelea porphyrantha
  145. V. productum - Matelea producta
  146. V. propinquum - Gonolobus macranthus
  147. V. pseudobarbatum - Matelea pseudobarbata
  148. V. puberulum - Alexitoxicon puberulum
  149. V. pubescens - Cynanchum chinense
  150. V. pubiflorum - Matelea pubiflora
  151. V. pueblense - Matelea pueblensis
  152. V. purpureum - Cynanchum purpureum
  153. V. quercetorum - Matelea quercetorum
  154. V. quirosii - Polystemma guatemalense
  155. V. repandum - Cynanchum repandum
  156. V. reticulatum - Matelea reticulata
  157. V. riedelii - Orthosia guilleminiana
  158. V. riparium - Cynanchum riparium
  159. V. robertii - Petalostelma robertii
  160. V. rothschuhii - Gonolobus heterophyllus
  161. V. rutenbergianum - Cynanchum repandum
  162. V. saepimentorum - Cynanchum racemosum var. unifarium
  163. V. sagittifolium - Matelea sagittifolia
  164. V. salvinii - Gonolobus salvinii
  165. V. schippii - Gonolobus leianthus
  166. V. schmalhausenii - Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii
  167. V. scoparium - Orthosia scoparia
  168. V. selloanum - Orthosia selloana
  169. V. sepium - Metastelma sepium
  170. V. shortii - Matelea obliqua
  171. V. sibiricum var. australe - Cynanchum thesioides
  172. V. sibiricum var. boreale - Cynanchum thesioides
  173. V. sintenisii - Matelea sintenisii
  174. V. stauntonii - Cynanchum stauntonii
  175. V. stenanthum - Gonolobus stenanthus
  176. V. stenophyllum - Cynanchum stenophyllum
  177. V. stephanotrichum - Gonolobus stephanotrichus
  178. V. steppicola - Cynanchum forrestii
  179. V. striatum - Gonolobus striatus
  180. V. suberiferum - Matelea suberifera
  181. V. suberosum - Gonolobus suberosus
  182. V. sublanceolatum - Cynanchum sublanceolatum
  183. V. taihangense - Cynanchum taihangense
  184. V. thesioides - Cynanchum thesioides
  185. V. tingens - Gonolobus tingens
  186. V. tmoleum - Antitoxicum tmoleum
  187. V. tomentosum - Orthosia scoparia
  188. V. tortum - Gonolobus cteniophorus
  189. V. trichoneuron - Matelea tuerckheimii
  190. V. triflorum - Gonolobus triflorus
  191. V. tristiflorum - Matelea tristiflora
  192. V. tunicatum - Cynanchum tunicatum
  193. V. umbellatum - Cynanchum rusbyi
  194. V. umbrosum - Cynanchum umbrosum
  195. V. undulatum - Cynanchum andinum
  196. V. uniflorum - Gonolobus uniflorus
  197. V. urceolatum - Orthosia urceolata
  198. V. variifolium - Matelea variifolia
  199. V. velutinum - Matelea velutina
  200. V. versicolor - Cynanchum versicolor
  201. V. verticillatum - Cynanchum verticillatum
  202. V. virescens - Cynanchum eurychiton
  203. V. viride - Cynanchum atacamense
  204. V. viridiflorum - Matelea denticulata
  205. V. wallichii - Cynanchum wallichii
  206. V. wilfordii - Cynanchum wilfordii
  207. V. wootonii - Matelea wootonii
  208. V. xanthotrichum - Gonolobus xanthotrichus
  209. V. zollingeri - Cynanchum ovalifolium

References

  1. ↑ "Vincetoxicum Wolf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  2. ↑ "Cynanchum in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org.
  3. ↑ "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". bonap.net.
  4. ↑ Sigrid Liede and Angelika Tauber (Oct–Dec 2002), "Circumscription of the Genus Cynanchum (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae)", Systematic Botany, 27 (4), American Society of Plant Taxonomists: 789–800, doi:10.1043/0363-6445-27.4.789 (inactive 12 July 2025), JSTOR 3093924{{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  5. ↑ "Genere Vincetoxicum - Flora Italiana". luirig.altervista.org.
  6. ↑ Gledhill D. 1985. The Names of Plants. Cambridge University Press ISBN 0521366755
  7. ↑ "Vincetoxicum Wolf | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2025-11-04.