Phrixothrix hirtus

Phrixothrix hirtus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Clade:	Pancrustacea
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Elateriformia
Family:	Phengodidae
Genus:	Phrixothrix
Species:	P. hirtus
Binomial name
	Phrixothrix hirtus; E. Olivier, 1909

Phrixothrix hirtus is a species of railroad worm found in Brazil. It is the only terrestrial animal capable of naturally producing red bioluminescence. Adults can be found in October and November.

Phrixothrix hirtus in Brazil
Phrixothrix hirtus in Brazil

References

↑ Olivier, Ernest (1909). "Description d'un nouveau genre et d'une nouvelle espèce de Drilidae [Col.]". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 14 (20): 344–345. Bibcode:1909AnSEF..14..344O. doi:10.3406/bsef.1909.24597.
1 2 Viviani, Vadim R; Rosa, Simone P; Prado, Rogilene A; Pelentir, Gabriel F; de Souza, Daniel R; Reis, Raone M; Bechara, E J H; Costa, C (14 November 2023). "Inventory and ecological aspects of bioluminescent beetles in the Cerrado ecosystem and its decline around Emas National Park (Brazil)" (PDF). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 116 (6): 386–403. doi:10.1093/aesa/saad029. ISSN 0013-8746. Retrieved 26 July 2025.
↑ Bevilaqua, V. R.; Matsuhashi, T.; Oliveira, G.; Oliveira, P. S. L.; Hirano, T.; Viviani, V. R. (21 June 2019). "Phrixotrix luciferase and 6′-aminoluciferins reveal a larger luciferin phenolate binding site and provide novel far-red combinations for bioimaging purposes" (PDF). Scientific Reports. 9 (1) 8998. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.8998B. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44534-3. ISSN 2045-2322. Retrieved 26 July 2025.

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[1] Olivier, Ernest (1909). "Description d'un nouveau genre et d'une nouvelle espèce de Drilidae [Col.]". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 14 (20): 344–345. Bibcode:1909AnSEF..14..344O. doi:10.3406/bsef.1909.24597.

[w361-2] 1 2 Viviani, Vadim R; Rosa, Simone P; Prado, Rogilene A; Pelentir, Gabriel F; de Souza, Daniel R; Reis, Raone M; Bechara, E J H; Costa, C (14 November 2023). "Inventory and ecological aspects of bioluminescent beetles in the Cerrado ecosystem and its decline around Emas National Park (Brazil)" (PDF). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 116 (6): 386–403. doi:10.1093/aesa/saad029. ISSN 0013-8746. Retrieved 26 July 2025.

[p820-3] Bevilaqua, V. R.; Matsuhashi, T.; Oliveira, G.; Oliveira, P. S. L.; Hirano, T.; Viviani, V. R. (21 June 2019). "Phrixotrix luciferase and 6′-aminoluciferins reveal a larger luciferin phenolate binding site and provide novel far-red combinations for bioimaging purposes" (PDF). Scientific Reports. 9 (1) 8998. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.8998B. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44534-3. ISSN 2045-2322. Retrieved 26 July 2025.