Polytremis lubricans

Contiguous swift
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Clade:	Pancrustacea
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Hesperiidae
Genus:	Polytremis
Species:	P. lubricans
Binomial name
	Polytremis lubricans; (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
Synonyms
	Goniloba lubricans Herrich-Schäffer, 1869; Gegenes contigua Mabille, 1877; Hesperia toona Moore, 1878; Parnara toona; Piepers & Snellen, 1910; Polytrema lubricans; Baoris lubricans;

Polytremis lubricans, the contiguous swift, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. It is found in the Indomalayan realm.

Subspecies

Polytremis lubricans lubricans (Tibet, India, Indo-China, Yunnan, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sangihe, Banggai, Sula)
Polytremis lubricans taiwana Matsumura, 1919 (Taiwan, Anhui, Yunnan)

Description

Frederic Moore (1878) gives a detailed description for Hesperia toona:

Male. Differs in the fore wings being slightly more elongate, the hind wing more convex exteriorly, and the anal angle less lobed; markings above similar, those on the fore wing narrower, the spot between the. median branches elongated and extending to their basal angle; those on the hind wing very small, the outer spot crossed by a vein. Underside brownish-ochreous; base of fore wing slightly dusky-ochreous; markings as above.

— Frederic Moore

Biology

The larva on feeds on Imperata, Microstegium, Miscanthus

References

↑ Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 Versuch einer systematischen Anordnung der Schmetterlinge CorrespBl. zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 23 (4): 56-64, (5): 67-77, (9): 130-141, (11): 163-172, (12): 184-204
1 2 R.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 58. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
↑ Seitz, A., 1912-1927. Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter Grossschmetterlinge Erde 9
↑ W. H., Evans (1949). A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. p. 446.
↑ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Swinhoe, Charles (1912–1913). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. p. 315.
↑ E. Y., Watson (1891). Hesperiidae Indicae : being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Madras: Vest and Company. p. 45.
↑ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moore, Frederick (1878). Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London. p. 689.
↑ Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003 The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 3-268, pl. 1-16

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[1] Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 Versuch einer systematischen Anordnung der Schmetterlinge CorrespBl. zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 23 (4): 56-64, (5): 67-77, (9): 130-141, (11): 163-172, (12): 184-204

[Smetacek-2] 1 2 R.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 58. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.

[3] Seitz, A., 1912-1927. Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter Grossschmetterlinge Erde 9

[Evans-4] W. H., Evans (1949). A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. p. 446.

[SwinhoeIndica-5] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Swinhoe, Charles (1912–1913). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. p. 315.

[watson-6] E. Y., Watson (1891). Hesperiidae Indicae : being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Madras: Vest and Company. p. 45.

[7] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moore, Frederick (1878). Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London. p. 689.

[8] Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003 The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 3-268, pl. 1-16