Rishton, Uzbekistan

Rishton
Rishton / Риштан
Rishton is located in Uzbekistan
Rishton
Rishton
Location in Uzbekistan
Coordinates: 40°21′24″N 71°17′05″E / 40.35667°N 71.28472°E / 40.35667; 71.28472
Country Uzbekistan
RegionFergana Region
DistrictRishton District
Elevation
471 m (1,545 ft)
Population
 (2016)
 • Total
34,800
Postal code
151300
Websitewww.rishton.uz

Rishton (Uzbek: Rishton, Tajik: Рештон, Russian: Риштан, alternatively spelled Rishtan, Rishdan, Roshidon) is a city in Fergana Region, Uzbekistan. It was previously called Kyubishev. It is the administrative center of Rishton District and is located between Kokand and Fergana. It had a population of 34,800 in 2016. Tajik and Uzbek are the most common languages in the area.[citation needed]

History

According to recent studies, the modern Rishton area has been inhabited since the 1st millennium BCE. Saka, Massagetean, and Tocharian groups settled in the middle reaches of what is now Sayxun, and from there, spread to Fergana, Khwarazm, and Zarafshon throughout the 2nd and 3rd centuries CE. These groups' formation from the 1st millennium BCE to the 5th century CE was influenced by Turkic peoples from the north, Persian-speaking tribes from the south of the Amu Darya, and the nomadic Xionites, Kidarites, and Hephthalites.

In 1882, 17,970 people lived in the parish (of whom 4,900 lived in the parish center of Rishtan), and in 1909, 21,811 people lived there (of whom 6,415 lived in the parish center). The population consisted of Uzbeks, Sarts, Tajiks, and Kyrgyz, among others. The number of Russians, according to these data, did not exceed 10 people. Tajiks were the main population of the administrative center of Rishton, Qala e Naw village, and Kashkaryan village (Kashkaryon); the rest of the villages were mainly inhabited by Sarts, Uzbeks, and other various Turkicized Mongolian tribes, Turkicized Persian-speaking indigenous population, etc.

In 1909, Rishtan parish was a part of Bashkir district; 21,811 people lived in the parish. In this table, in addition to the villages of Rishtan parish, there are some villages of Zadiyan parish, which are now part of Rishtan district.[citation needed]

Arts and culture

Ceramics

A piece of ceramics from Rishton

Rishton is most famous for, and is one of the oldest centers of, ceramics in Uzbekistan. A fine quality reddish yellow clay deposit 1-1.5 metres deep and 0.5-1.5 metres thick underlies almost the whole Rishton area. The clay can be used without refinement or addition of other types of clay from other regions. Besides clay, the potters of Rishton extracted various dyes, quartz sand, and fire clay from the surrounding mountains. The special "ishkor" blue glaze is manufactured from natural mineral pigments and mountain ash plants. The Khoja Ilgor Mosque was built in 1905 by craftsmen Eshonkhon and Noribai.

Heritage sites

Khoja Ilgor Mosque is an architectural monument located in Rishtan (Fergana Region, Uzbekistan). It was built in 1905 and was constructed in the Islamic architectural style. The Hodja Ilgor Mosque is a typical example of Fergana's multi-column, frontally-opened cultic buildings. It is currently a functioning mosque. It is included in the list of Uzbekistan's nationally significant cultural heritage sites.

Notable people

Hanafi scholar Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani, the author of the book al-Hidayah, was born in Rishton and grew up in neighbouring Margilan.

References

  1. 1 2 Soliyev, A.S. Shaharlar geografiyasi [Geography of cities] (PDF) (in Uzbek). p. 146.
  2. ↑ "Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (in Uzbek and Russian). The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics. July 2020.
  3. ↑ Andrew Dalby. Dictionary of Languages: the definitive reference to more than 400 languages, Columbia University Press, 2004. — P. 278.
  4. ↑ Sarah Iles Johnston. Religions of the Ancient World: A Guide, Harvard University Press, 2004. — P. 197.
  5. ↑ Edward A Allworth. Central Asia: A Historical Overview. — Duke University Press, 1994. — P. 86.
  6. ↑ Массагеты. // БРЭ. — М., 2011. — Т. 19.
  7. ↑ Семёнов Вл. А. Древнейшая миграция индоевропейцев на Восток (К столетию тохарских рукописей). — Петербургский Археологический Вестник, 1993, № 4.
  8. ↑ Литвинский Б. А. Саки которые за Согдом // Памяти М. С. Андреева. Труды АН Тадж. ССР. ИИАЭ. 120. — Сталинабад, 1960. — С. 92.
  9. ↑ Размышления историка об «Этническом атласе Узбекистана» Х. Садыков
  10. ↑ «Кудадгу билик» («Наука быть счастливым») Юсуф Хас-Хаджиб
  11. ↑ Туркий кавмлар тарихи (История тюркских племен) Хасан Ато Абуший, Уфа, 1909.
  12. ↑ "Фергана - международное агентство новостей". www.fergananews.com. Retrieved 2023-10-26.
  13. ↑ Списокъ населенныхъ местъ Ферганской области 1909 г.
  14. ↑ Бабабеков Х. Р. Народное движения в Кокандском ханстве и их социально-экономические и политические предпосылки (XIII—XIX вв.). Фан. 1990 г.
  15. ↑ "rishton".
  16. ↑ Mamadaliyev, Xushnudbek (2022). Fargʻona Vodiysi Shaharlari Tarixi (XIX – XX Asr Boshlari) [History of the Cities of the Fergonah Valley (Early 19th-20th Centuries)] (PDF) (in Uzbek). Tashkent: Fan Ziyosi. ISBN 978-9943-747-45-6.
  17. ↑ "Xoʻja Ilgʻor Masjidi". uzsmart.uz. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
  18. ↑ "Кому принадлежит Ферганская долина и что там посмотреть?". vestikavkaza.ru. August 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  19. ↑ ""Об утверждении Национального перечня объектов недвижимости материального культурного наследия"". lex.uz. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  20. ↑ "Rishton travel guide". Caravanistan. Retrieved 2021-04-23.