Samnuha

Samnuha
Samnuha
Protector deity of Shadikanni
Other names	Samanuha, Šamanminuḫi
Major cult center	Shadikanni
Ethnic group	Hurrians

Samnuha or Samanuha was the tutelary deity of Shadikanni (Šadikanni; modern Tell 'Ağağa) in the lower Habur area. It is generally accepted that he had Hurrian origin. It is assumed that Šamanminuḫi, a god known from a treaty of Shattiwaza, is the same deity. In this document, he occurs before "Teshub, lord of Washukanni," and after KASKAL.KUR.(RA).

Bel-Eresh, a ruler of Shadikanni who was a contemporary of Ashur-resh-ishi I, renovated the temple of Samanuha and a deity identified by Stephanie Dalley as Kubaba, the Hurrian goddess of Carchemish, but whose name was actually spelled ^dGu-ba-ba.

Many attestations of Samanuha come from neo-Assyrian sources. He appears in an inscription of Ashurnasirpal II, where he is acknowledged as the personal god of the provincial governor Mushezib-Ninurta, the son of a ruler of Shadikanni who bore the theophoric name Samanuha-shar-ilani. He continued to be worshiped in Shadikanni at least until the ninth century BCE. He is also attested as one of the Hurrian deities from Taite (originally a major Mitanni city) in Tākultu, alongside Kumarbi and Nabarbi.

Personal names attest that Samanuha continued to be worshiped at least until the Achaemenid period.

References

↑ Kühne 2017, pp. 285–286.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Krebernik 2011, p. 612.
↑ Wilhelm 2011, p. 611.
1 2 Haas 2015, p. 543.
↑ George 1993, p. 169.
↑ Dalley 2002, pp. 190–191.
↑ Karlsson 2016, p. 146.
↑ Kühne 2017, p. 286.
↑ Wilhelm 1989, p. 52.

Bibliography

Dalley, Stephanie (2002). Mari and Karana: Two Old Babylonian Cities. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. doi:10.31826/9781463207731. ISBN 978-1-4632-0773-1.
George, Andrew R. (1993). House most high: the temples of ancient Mesopotamia. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. ISBN 0-931464-80-3. OCLC 27813103.
Haas, Volkert (2015). Geschichte der hethitischen Religion. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-29394-6. Retrieved 2022-03-06.
Hawkins, John D. (1983), "Kubaba A. Philologisch · Kubaba A. Philological", Reallexikon der Assyriologie, retrieved 2022-03-06
Karlsson, Mattias (2016). Relations of Power in Early Neo-Assyrian State Ideology. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9781614516910. ISBN 978-1-61451-691-0.
Krebernik, Manfred (2011), "Sam(a)nuḫa/u", Reallexikon der Assyriologie (in German), retrieved 2022-03-06
Kühne, Hartmut (2017). "The Temple of Salmānu at Dūr-Katlimmu, Nergal of Hubšalum, and Nergal-ereš". At the Dawn of History. Penn State University Press. doi:10.1515/9781575064741-020.
Wilhelm, Gernot (1989). The Hurrians. Warminster, England: Aris & Phillips. ISBN 978-0-85668-442-5. OCLC 21036268.
Wilhelm, Gernot (2011), "Šamanminuḫi", Reallexikon der Assyriologie (in German), retrieved 2022-03-06

[FOOTNOTEKühne2017285–286-1] Kühne 2017, pp. 285–286.

[FOOTNOTEKrebernik2011612-2] 1 2 3 4 5 6 Krebernik 2011, p. 612.

[FOOTNOTEWilhelm2011611-3] Wilhelm 2011, p. 611.

[FOOTNOTEHaas2015543-4] 1 2 Haas 2015, p. 543.

[FOOTNOTEGeorge1993169-5] George 1993, p. 169.

[FOOTNOTEDalley2002190–191-6] Dalley 2002, pp. 190–191.

[FOOTNOTEKarlsson2016146-7] Karlsson 2016, p. 146.

[FOOTNOTEKühne2017286-8] Kühne 2017, p. 286.

[FOOTNOTEWilhelm198952-9] Wilhelm 1989, p. 52.