Tab-separated values

Tab-separated values (TSV) is a simple, text-based file format for storing tabular data. Records are separated by newlines, and values within a record are separated by tab characters. The TSV format is thus a delimiter-separated values format, similar to comma-separated values.

TSV is a simple file format that is widely supported, so it is often used in data exchange to move tabular data between different computer programs that support the format. For example, a TSV file might be used to transfer information from a database to a spreadsheet.

The head of the Iris flower data set can be stored as a TSV using the following plain text (note that the HTML rendering may convert tabs to spaces):

Sepal length	Sepal width	Petal length	Petal width	Species
5.1	3.5	1.4	0.2	I. setosa
4.9	3.0	1.4	0.2	I. setosa
4.7	3.2	1.3	0.2	I. setosa
4.6	3.1	1.5	0.2	I. setosa
5.0	3.6	1.4	0.2	I. setosa

The TSV plain text above corresponds to the following tabular data:

The IANA media type standard for TSV achieves simplicity by simply disallowing tabs within fields.

Since the values in the TSV format cannot contain literal tabs or newline characters, a convention is necessary for lossless conversion of text values with these characters. A common convention is to perform the following escapes:

Another common convention is to use the CSV convention from

RFC 4180 and enclose values containing tabs or newlines in double quotes. This can lead to ambiguities.

Records are typically separated by a line feed, as is typical for Unix platforms, or a carriage return and line feed, as is typical for Microsoft platforms. Some programs may expect the latter. The de-facto specification specifies that records are separated by anEOL, but does not specify any specific newline.

• Comma-separated values
• Delimiter collision

• "TSV — Tab-Separated Values" (11 February 2021 ed.). Library of Congress. fdd000533. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
• Lindner, Paul (June 1993). "text/tab-separated-values" [Definition of tab-separated-values (tsv)]. Assigned Media Types Registry. IANA. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Internet Gopher Team. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
• "How To Use Tab Separated Value (TSV) Files". Archived from the original on 12 January 2007.

• Jukka, Korpela (1 September 2000). "Tab Separated Values (TSV): a format for tabular data exchange" (12 February 2005 ed.). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
• Welinder, Morten (19 December 2012). "§14.2.3 — Text File Formats". The Gnumeric Manual (v1.12 ed.). Retrieved 23 May 2023.