Aranama language

Aranama
Tamique, Hanáma
Native toUnited States
RegionTexas
EthnicityAranama, Tamique
Extinctlate 19th century
unclassified
Language codes
ISO 639-3xrt
Glottologaran1265
Pre-contact distribution of the Aranama language

Aranama – also known as Araname, Haname, or Tamique – is an extinct unclassified language of Texas, US. It was spoken by the Aranama and Tamique peoples at the Franciscan mission of Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga. It is only known from a two-word phrase from a non-native speaker: himiána tsáyi 'give me water!'. Variations on the name are Taranames, Jaranames ~ Xaranames ~ Charinames, Chaimamé, Hanáma ~ Hanáme.

Vocabulary

In 1884, Albert Gatschet recorded one word and a two-word phrase from "Old Simon," a Tonkawa man who also served as an informant for the Karankawa language, of which a short vocabulary was recorded. According to Old Simon, the words were from a language that he referred to as "Hanáma" (or "Háname"):: 193 

Lexical comparison

Below is a comparison of words from selected nearby languages in Zamponi (2024):

languageAranamaCoahuilteco Solano Tonkawa W. Atakapa Karankawa Cotoname Comecrudo
'give me' tsaʹyi-a·xa sieh k-e·ke-w hiʹ-mic baHúšb ayemaʹ 'give'
'water' himiyaʹnawan apam ʔa·x ka(u)ʹkau klej aʹx̣ aʹx̣


See also

Notes

  1. ↑ H stands for the unclear and putative value of <h> in French and Spanish sources.

References

  1. ↑ Swanton, John Reed (1940). "Linguistic material from the tribes of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico". Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin. 127: 1–145. hdl:10088/15429.
  2. ↑ Craig H. Roell, "NUESTRA SENORA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO DE ZUNIGA MISSION," Handbook of Texas Online , accessed July 12, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
  3. ↑ Mithun, Marianne (2017). "Language Isolates". In Campbell, Lyle (ed.). Language Isolates of North America. Routledge Language Family Series. London: Routledge. pp. 193–228. doi:10.4324/9781315750026. ISBN 9781315750026.
  4. 1 2 Zamponi, Raoul (2024). "Unclassified languages". The Languages and Linguistics of Indigenous North America. De Gruyter. pp. 1627–1648. doi:10.1515/9783110712742-061. ISBN 978-3-11-071274-2.
  5. ↑ Troike, Rudolph C. 1996. "Sketch of Coahuilteco, a language isolate of Texas". In Ives Goddard (ed.), Handbook of North American Indians. Vol. 17: Languages, 644–665. Washington: Smithsonian Institution.
  6. 1 2 3 Swanton, John R. 1940. Linguistic material from the tribes of Southern Texas and Northeastern Mexico. (Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 127). Washington: Government Printing Office.
  7. ↑ Hoijer, Harry; Wier, Thomas R., eds. (2018). Tonkawa texts: a new linguistic edition. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-5899-0.
  8. ↑ Gatschet, Albert S. & John R. Swanton. 1932. Dictionary of the Atakapa language accompanied by text material. (Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 108). Washington: Government Printing Office.
  9. ↑ Grant, Anthony P. (1994-01-01). "Karankawa linguistic Materials". Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics. doi:10.17161/KWPL.1808.318. hdl:1808/318. ISSN 1043-3805.