Timeline of Kabul

The following is a timeline of the history of Kabul, Afghanistan.

Prior to 20th century

• Circa 1500–1200 B.C. – The Rigveda, a book of Vedic Sanskrit hymns, called this town "Kubha". By about 1000 BC the Zend Avesta of Zoroastrianism mentioned the region and praised it as ideal.
• c. 678–549 BCE. - Kabul valley was part of the Median Empire.
• c. 549 BCE. the Median Empire was annexed by Cyrus the Great and Kabul valley became part the Achaemenid Empire.
• c. 330 BCE. the Achaemenid empire was conquered by Alexander the Great.
• c. 305 BCE. the valley is seized by Alexander's general Seleucus, becoming part of the Seleucid Empire.
• c. 5th century CE – Bala Hissar (fortress) built.
• 565 – Kabul Shahi is in power.
• 794 – Shahi capital relocated to Kabul from Kapisa.
• 1461 – Wali khan Beg is in power.
• 1502 – Arghunid Muqim in power.
• 1504 – Siege of Kabul; Mughal Babur in power.
• 1528 – Gardens of Babur developed outside city.
• 1545 – Mughal Humayun in power.
• 1637 – Char Chatta Bazaar built.
• 1646 – Shahjahani Mosque built.
• 1738 – Persian Nader Shah captures citadel.
• 1747 – Ahmad Shah Durrani in power.
• 1772 – Timur Shah Naizy in power.
• 1773 – Durrani capital relocated to Kabul from Kandahar (approximate date).
• 1793 – Timur Shah Mausoleum built.
• 1838 – British troops arrive.
• 1839 – 7 August: Shah Shujah Durrani in power.
• 1841 – 2 November: Uprising against Shah Shujah Durrani.
• 1842
  • Battle of Kabul.
  • 19 February: The Jalalabad earthquake caused severe damage and 500 deaths.
• 1850 – Char Chatta (bazaar) restored.

• 1879
  • 3 September: British residency attacked.
  • October: British occupy Kabul.
  • December: Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment.
• 1880 - Accession of Abdur Rahman Khan as Emir of Afghanistan.

20th century

• 1901
  • Arg (presidential palace) built.
  • Population: 140,000 (estimate).
• 1903 – Habibia High School founded.
• 1913 – Clock tower built.
• 1919
  • Mu'arrif-i ma'arif begins publication.
  • Id Gah Mosque and Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Mausoleum built.
• 1920s
  • Shah-Do Shamshira Mosque built.
  • Tajbeg Palace and Darul Aman Palace built outside city.
• 1922 / 1301 SH
  • Lycée Esteqlal established.
  • Solar Hijri calendar officially adopted in Afghanistan.
• 1923 – Kabul–Darulaman Tramway constructed.
• 1924 – Amani High School founded.
• 1928 – Paghman Gardens open.
• 1931
  • Kabul University established.
  • National Museum of Afghanistan relocated to Darulaman from Koti Bagcha.
• 1933 – 8 November: Mohammed Nadir Shah assassinated.
• 1940 – Radio Kabul begins broadcasting with 20 kilowatt transmitter.
• 1948 – Ghulam Mohammad Farhad becomes mayor.
• 1957 – Sherpur Mosque built.
• 1961 – Jangalak neighborhood established.
• 1965 – Population: 435,000.

• 1967
  • Kabul Zoo inaugurated.
  • Kabul Golf Club opens outside city.
• 1968 – Naghlu Dam begins generating hydroelectric power.
• 1969 – Hotel Inter-Continental in business.
• 1970 – Kabul Airport in operation (approximate date).
• 1973 – Population: 318,094 city; 534,350 urban agglomeration.
• 1975 – Rock music festival held.

• 1977 – Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan founded.
• 1978
  • April: Anti-Daoud demonstrations.^{[citation needed]}
  • 28 April: Coup.
• 1979 – 27 December: Soviet forces occupy city.
• 1980 - 22 February: 3 Hut uprising
• 1988 – Population: 1,424,400 (estimate).
• 1989 – Soviet troops withdraw.
• 1992 – April: Battle of Kabul (1992–1996) begins.
• 1995 – 6 September: Pakistani embassy sacked.
• 1996 – 27 September: Taliban take city.

21st century

• 2001
  • November: City besieged by United States forces.
  • Population: 2,080,000 (estimate).
• 2002
  • January: Marjan of Kabul Zoo dies.
  • Nejat Drug Rehabilitation Centre active.
  • September: Bombing.
• 2003
  • December: Constitutional convention.
  • Khwaja Faqiron Mosque reconstructed.
  • Music school established.
• 2004
  • Jamhuriat Hospital built.
  • Sultani Museum established.
• 2005
  • French Medical Institute for Children established.
  • City administrative sectors expand to 18 (from 11).^{[citation needed]}
  • Kabul City Center (shopping mall) opens.
• 2008
  • January: Serena Hotel attack.
  • July: Bombing of Indian embassy.
• 2009
  • February: Raids.
  • August: Bombing of NATO building.
  • October: Bombing of Indian embassy.
  • October: UN attack.
  • Air pollution in Kabul reaches annual mean of 86 PM2.5 and 260 PM10, much higher than recommended.
• 2010
  • January: Muhammad Yunus Nawandish becomes mayor.
  • January attack.
  • February attack.
  • May bombing.
• 2011
  • May: Bombing of military hospital.
  • June: Inter-Continental Hotel attack.
  • September attack.
  • December: Bombing at mosque.
  • Kabul National Cricket Stadium opens.^{[citation needed]}
  • Institute for Afghan Arts & Architecture established.
• 2012
  • February: Quran burning protests.
  • April attacks by Taliban.
  • May: Assassination of Arsala Rahmani Daulat.
  • Abdul Rahman Mosque and Afghanistan Football Federation stadium open.
  • Population: 3,289,000 (estimate).
• 2013
  • June bombings.
  • Presidential palace attack.
• 2014
  • Restaurant bombing.
  • Serena Hotel attack.
  • December bombings.
• 2015
  • Park Palace guesthouse attack.
  • Parliament attack.
  • 7 August attacks.
  • 10 August bombing.
  • 22 August bombing.
  • Spanish Embassy attack.
• 2016
  • February bombing.
  • April attack.
  • Attack on Canadian Embassy guards.
  • July bombing near Deh Mazang square.
  • 1 August attack.
  • American University attack.
  • September attack.
  • November bombing.
  • Population: 3,817,241 (estimate).
• 2017
  • January bombing.
  • Supreme Court bombing.
  • Hospital attack.
  • May bombing.
  • 3 June bombing.
  • June mosque attack.
  • 24 July bombing.
  • Iraqi embassy attack.
  • 28 December bombing.
• 2018
  • 4 January bombing.
  • Inter-Continental Hotel attack.
  • Ambulance bombing.
  • March bombing.
  • 22 April bombing.
  • 30 April bombings.
  • August bombing.
  • September attacks.
  • November bombing.
• 2019
  • Mosque bombing.
  • 1 July attack.
  • 25 July bombings.
  • 28 July bombing.
  • 7 August bombing.
  • 17 August bombing.
  • 2 and 5 September bombings.
  • 17 September bombing.
  • November bombing.
• 2020
  • February bombing.
  • 6 March shooting.
  • Gurdwara attack.
  • University attack.
• 2021
  • School bombing.
  • Mosque bombing.
  • June bombings.
  • Fall of Kabul

See also

• History of Kabul
• List of rulers of Kabul
• List of newspapers in Kabul
• List of universities in Kabul Province
• List of schools in Kabul
• Timelines of other cities in Afghanistan: Herat
• Timeline of Afghan history

References

Bibliography

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Published in 19th century

• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Cabul", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
• Alexander Burnes (1973), Cabool: being a personal narrative of a journey to, and residence in that city, in the years 1836, 7, and 8, London: J. Murray (published 1842), OCLC 7415868
• Mountstuart Elphinstone (1842), "(City of Caubul)", An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul (2nd ed.), London: R. Bentley, OCLC 03061751
• G.T. Vigne (1843), "(Kabul)", A Personal Narrative of a Visit to Ghuzni, Kabul and Afghanistan (2nd ed.), London: G. Routledge, OCLC 6388460
• Joshua Duke (1883), "(Kabul City)", Recollections of the Kabul campaign, London: W. H. Allen & Co., OCLC 5729453
• Edward Balfour (1885), "Kabul", Cyclopaedia of India (3rd ed.), London: B. Quaritch

Published in 20th century

• "Kabul City", Imperial Gazetteer of India (New ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press (published 1908), 1907
• Holdich, Thomas Hungerford (1910). "Kabul" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 624–625.
• Angus Hamilton (1910), "Kabul", Afghanistan, Boston: J. B. Millet Company, OCLC 2086903
• Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996). "Kabul". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. UK: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-884964-04-6.
• Who Governs Kabul? Explaining Urban Politics in a Post-War Capital City, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2000 – via International Relations and Security Network

Published in 21st century

• C. E. Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Kabul". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.
• "Kabul". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Kabul.

• "Historic Cities Programme: Afghanistan". Aga Khan Trust for Culture. Aga Khan Development Network. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21.