Violet Archer

Violet Archer
Born(1913-04-24)24 April 1913
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Died21 February 2000(2000-02-21) (aged 86)
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Education
OccupationsComposer, teacher, pianist, organist, percussionist
AwardsOrder of Canada, 1983

Violet Archer CM (24 April 1913 – 21 February 2000) was a Canadian composer, teacher, pianist, organist, and percussionist.

Education and teaching career

Black and white photograph of Violet Archer on graduation day at Yale University
Violet Archer on graduation day, Yale University.

Born Violetta Balestreri in Montreal (the family changed its name to Archer in 1940), Archer earned a Licentiate in music from McGill University in 1934, and a Bachelor of Music from McGill in 1936; she studied composition with Claude Champagne and Douglas Clarke. Archer travelled to New York in the summer of 1942 to study composition, including Hungarian folk music and variation technique, with Béla Bartók. She taught at the McGill Conservatory from 1944-47. Later in the 1940s she studied with Paul Hindemith at Yale, where she earned a B.Mus. (1948) and an M.Mus. (1949). From 1950-53, Archer was composer-in-residence at the University of North Texas. From 1953-61, she taught at the University of Oklahoma. Returning to Canada in 1961 as a doctoral candidate at the University of Toronto, she set her studies aside when, in 1962, she joined the Faculty of Music at the University of Alberta, where she taught until her retirement in 1978; during this time she was chair of the theory and composition department. Her notable students included Larry Austin, Jan Randall, Allan Gilliland, and Allan Gordon Bell.

Musical career

Archer built a career as a musician and composer in addition to teaching. She played percussion in the Montreal Women's Symphony Orchestra from 1940-47 during the era when women had no access to positions in major professional orchestras. In addition to percussion, Archer played clarinet and strings, and worked in Montreal as an accompanist and organist.

As a composer, Archer's prolific oeuvre of more than 330 compositions included traditional and more contemporary works for instrument and voice. Her wide-ranging work includes the 1973 comic opera, Sganarelle, the film score for the 1976 documentary, Someone Cares, and experiments with electronic music. Her music includes some 90 compositions for students, written to acquaint performers and audiences with modern concepts of harmony, melody, and rhythm.

Honours

Archer received honorary degrees from McGill University (1971), University of Windsor (1986), University of Calgary (1989), Mount Allison University (1992), and University of Alberta (1993). In 1983, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

In 1985 the three-day Violet Archer Festival was held in Edmonton where 14 of her works were performed. This festival is credited as the first to honour a living Canadian composer. Violet Archer Park, located in Edmonton's Parkallen neighbourhood, is also named in her honour. In Calgary, the Prairie Region of Canadian Music Centre is home to the Violet Archer Library, which holds over 20,000 scores.

Archer died in Ottawa on February 21, 2000.

The Archer portrait in the Canadian Composers Portraits series was released in 2002.

In 2021, the Violet Archer fonds held at the University of Alberta Archives was added to the Canada Memory of the World Register.

The indie pop band, The Violet Archers, is named after her.

Selected recordings

Songs

Further reading

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dalen, Brenda (1995). "The Composer's Voice: "What women can do"". Canadian University Music Review / Revue de musique des universités canadiennes. 16 (1): 14–40. doi:10.7202/1014414ar. ISSN 0710-0353.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Kallmann, Helmut; Keillor, Elaine; Nygaard King, Betty. "Violet Archer". The Encyclopedia of Music in Canada. Historica Dominion Institute. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
  3. ↑ Violet Archer Fonds Finding Aid Archived 2005-10-29 at the Wayback Machine
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Violet Archer". Choral Music Composed by Canadian Women. Retrieved 2020-06-19.
  5. ↑ "Montreal Women's Symphony Orchestra/Symphonie féminine de Montréal | The Canadian Encyclopedia". thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 2020-06-19.
  6. ↑ "Obituary: Violet Archer". Independent [London, England]. 9 March 2000.
  7. 1 2 Keillor, Elaine; Nygaard King, Betty; Kallman, Helmut (4 March 2015). "Violet Archer". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-05-30.
  8. 1 2 Keillor, Elaine; Nygaard King, Betty; Kallmann, Helmut (March 4, 2015). "Violet Archer | The Canadian Encyclopedia". thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 2020-06-19.
  9. ↑ Schreyer, Edward Richard (30 April 2009). "Violet B. Archer, C.M., D.Mus". archive.gg.ca. Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
  10. 1 2 Aubrey, Merrily K. (2004). Naming Edmonton: From Ada to Zoie. Edmonton Historical Board. Historic Sites Committee. University of Alberta Press. p. 319. ISBN 9780888644237.
  11. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre - Prairie Region Library Research Guide". University of Calgary. Retrieved 2026-04-04.
  12. ↑ Bain, Jennifer (2003). "Violet Archer [review]". CAML Review. 31 (1): 34–36. doi:10.25071/1708-6701.2380.
  13. ↑ UNESCO. Canadian Commission. "The Canada Memory of the World Register Lists Three New Collections". www.newswire.ca. Retrieved 2023-02-13.
  14. ↑ "Women Composers For Organ – Amy Beach, et al. / Harbach Classical". Cduniverse.com. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  15. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre — About the CMC". Musiccentre.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  16. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre – About the CMC". Musiccentre.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  17. ↑ "Surrealistic Portraiture / Kenneth Fischer, Thomas – ACA Digital – ACD 20036 – – HBDirect Classical". Hbdirect.com. 2001-04-01. Archived from the original on 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2012-01-29.
  18. ↑ de:Elaine Keillor
  19. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre – About the CMC". Musiccentre.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  20. ↑ Northern Arch – CD
  21. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre – About the CMC". Musiccentre.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  22. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre – About the CMC". Musiccentre.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  23. ↑ "Canadian Music Centre". Musiccentre.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-03-09.