List of motion picture film stocks

This is a list of motion picture films. Those films known to be no longer available have been marked "(discontinued)". This article includes color and black-and-white negative films, reversal camera films, intermediate stocks, and print stocks.

3M

3M no longer manufactures motion picture film.

Note: 1973 is first and last appearance in American Cinematographer Manual (4th edition).

Agfa

Although a very early pioneer in trichromatic color film (as early as 1908), invented by German chemists Rudolf Fischer and Benno Homolka [d], Agfa film was first made commercially available in 1936 (16 mm reversal and 35 mm), Agfa-Gevaert has discontinued their line of motion picture camera films. Agfa Wittner-Chrome, Aviphot-Chrome or Agfachrome reversal stocks (rated at 200 ISO, made from Wittner-Chrome 35 mm still film) are available in 16 mm and 8 mm from Wittner-Cinetec in Germany or Spectra Film and Video in the United States. The Agfa brand was also used on widely produced East German film stocks, manufactured at the original Agfa plant in Wolfen, before rebranding to ORWO in 1964.

Consumer black and white reversal films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfa Isopan F Umkehrfilm 25/15° c1935–c1958 Very fine grain ortho-panchromatic reversal film. B&W reversal 1×8, 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Isopan ISS Umkehrfilm 64/19° c1935–c1958 Fine grain Ortho-panchromatic reversal film. B&W reversal 1×8, 2×8, 16 mm

Consumer color reversal films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfa Agfacolor CU T 25/15° 1952–1958 Consumer reversal film for daylight. AP 41 1×8, 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Agfacolor CU K 25/15° c1954–1960 Consumer reversal film for artificial light. AP 41 1×8, 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Agfacolor CT13 16/13° 1958–1963 Very fine grain consumer reversal film for daylight. AP 41 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Agfacolor CK16 32/16° 1960–1967 Consumer reversal film for artificial light. Replaced by Agfacolor CK17. AP 41 1×8, 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Agfacolor CT13 Type S 16/13° 1963–1977 Improved version of Agfacolor CT13. Sold as "Agfachrome" in the USA. AP 41 Single-8, 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Agfacolor CK17 40/17° 1967–1975 Consumer reversal film for artificial light. First Super 8 film from Agfa. EI 25/15° in daylight with 85B filter. Sold as "Agfachrome CK17" in the USA. Replaced by Agfachrome. AP 41 Super 8, 2×8, 16 mm
Agfa Agfachrome 40/17° 1974–1980 Consumer reversal film for artificial light. EI 25/15° in daylight with 85B filter. Replaced by Moviechrome 40. AP 41 Super 8
Agfa Agfachrome Plus 40/17° 1976–1980 Agfachrome with magnetic sound track in silent cartridge. AP 41 Super 8
Agfa Agfachrome Sound 40/17° 1976–1980 Agfachrome with magnetic sound track in sound cartridge. AP 41 Super 8
Agfa Moviechrome 40 40/17° 1980–1994 Consumer reversal film for artificial light. EI 25/15° in daylight with 85B filter. The emulsion was updated 3 times: twice in 1986, then in 1990. Production ended in 1991, sales continued until 1994. AP 44 / E-6 Super 8
Agfa Moviechrome 40 Plus 40/17° 1980–1986 Moviechrome 40 with magnetic sound track in silent cartridge. AP 44 / E-6 Super 8
Agfa Moviechrome 40 Sound 40/17° 1980–1990 Moviechrome 40 with magnetic sound track in sound cartridge. AP 44 / E-6 Super 8
Agfa Moviechrome 160 160/23° 1980–1985 High speed consumer reversal film for artificial light. EI 100/21° in daylight with 85B filter. AP 44 / E-6 Super 8
Agfa Moviechrome 160 Sound 160/23° 1980–1985 Moviechrome 160 with magnetic sound track in sound cartridge. AP 44 / E-6 Super 8

XT

Black and white

Note: 1993 is the last appearance of Agfa film stocks in the American Cinematographer Manual (seventh edition).

DuPont

DuPont no longer manufactures film. It first entered the 35mm motion picture market in 1926.

The list below is of film stocks in use in 1956; the "B" designation was for 35mm, "A" was 16mm.

The list below is from 1960; "A" was 16mm, "B" was 35mm.

The list below is from 1966; "A" was 16mm, "B" was 35mm.

The 1969 list is identical to 1966. 1969 is the last appearance of DuPont motion picture film stocks in the American Cinematographer Manual.

The list below is from 1970; "A" was 16mm, "B" was 35mm. Films marked with ‡ could also be processed as a negative film stock

Eastman Kodak

In films from 1950 on, the first two digits (the prefix) of the four-digit emulsion number identify the gauge and base of film:

PrefixDescription
12Nitrate-base 35 mm negative film
13Nitrate-base 35 mm print film
22ESTAR-base 35 mm (or larger) camera film
23ESTAR-base 35 mm (or larger) lab/print film
32ESTAR-base 16 mm or 8 mm camera film
33ESTAR-base 16 mm or 8 mm lab/print film
PrefixDescription
52Acetate-base 35 mm (or larger) camera film
53Acetate-base 35 mm (or larger) lab/print film
72Acetate-base 16 mm or 8 mm camera film
73Acetate-base 16 mm or 8 mm lab/print film

A "T" suffix designates a tungsten (3200K) balanced negative and a "D" suffix designates a daylight (5600K) negative. The number preceding this is the film's exposure index as determined by Kodak (it is not ISO speed).

Early nitrate films (1916–1941)

NumberNameIntroducedDiscontinued
Cine Negative Film, Type E, orthochromatic19161930
1201Cine Negative Film, Type F, orthochromatic19171930
Super Speed Cine Negative Film, orthochromatic19221930
1203Kodak Panchromatic Cine Film Type I19221941
1218Type II Cine Negative Panchromatic Films192819??
Type III Cine Negative Panchromatic Films192819??
1210Panchromatic K, infrared192819??
1217Super-Sensitive Cine Negative Panchromatic193119??
1227Eastman Super-X19351938
1230Eastman Background-X19381956 (5230 Safety)
1231Eastman Plus-X193819?? (5231 Safety)
1232Eastman Super-XX193819?? (5323 Safety)
Super-XX reversal film, panchromatic19381958
Kodacolor 16 mm192819??

Black-and-White (1954–1967)

Fine grain color negative films (1950–1968)

Eastman Color Negative II (ECN-2 process 1974–1976)

Video News Film 16 mm (VNF-1)(1976–1981)

Kodachrome color reversal film

Eastmancolor Negative (1982–1986)

EXR color negative (ECN-2 process 1989–1996)

Vision color negative (ECN-2 process 1996–2002)

Vision2 color negative (ECN-2 process 2002–2007)

Vision3 color negative (ECN-2 process 2007–present)

Introduced/Discontinued?
Number Name Intro. Disc.? Notes
1302 Eastman Fine Grain Release Positive 1941 1950 Black-and-white, nitrate-base. Replaced by 5302.
5302/7302 Eastman Fine Grain Release Positive 1950 2015 Replaced 1302.
5381 Eastman Color Print 1950 1953 Replaced by 5382. Process ECP, 45 minute wet time. Not the same as 1972 film.
5382 Eastman Color Print 1952 1966 Replaced 5381 ("Better definition"), replaced by 5385.
7282 Eastman Color Print 1952 1961 Replaced by 7383.
7303 Eastman Fine Grain Release Positive 1960 1962 "16mm only. Better image structure than 7302."
5385/7385 Eastman Color Print 1962 1972 Replaced 5382 and 7383. "Improved definition and speed". Process ECP, wet time reduced to 28 min. in 1966, and 20 min. in 1967. Not the same as 1993 film.
7381 Eastman Color Print (super 8 only) 1970 19?? Replaced 7380.
7381 Eastman Color Print (16 mm) 1971 Jan. 1982 Replaced 7385.
5381 Eastman Color Print 1972 Jan. 1982 Replaced 5385 "for 35mm end use". Not the same as 1950 film.
NumberNameIntro.Disc.?Notes
5383/7383 Eastman Color SP Print 1974 1983 Process ECP-2. Similar quality to 5381/7381. "Short Process" (10-minute wet time)
5738/7738 Eastman Color SP Low Contrast Print 1977 c.1983 Process ECP-2.
7378 Eastman Color LF print 1978 1982 Process ECP. "Improved cyan dye dark-keeping stability"
7379 Eastman Color LFSP print 1978 1983 Process ECP-2 counterpart of 7379
5384/7384 Eastman Color Print 1982 19?? Replaced 5381/7381, 5383/7283, 7378, 7379. So-called low-fade "LPP." Brought "improved cyan dye dark-keeping" and ECP-2 from 7379, and "reduced sensitivity to process variations" introducing process ECP-2A (persulfate bleach replaced ferricyanide bleach, and bromide concentration was increased). Modified in 1998 for ECP-2B (eliminating formalin).
5380/7380 Eastman Color LC Print 1983 c.1993 Replaced 5738/7738. "Low contrast for video transfers." Process ECP-2A, dye stability, and reduced process sensitivity from 5384
5385/7385 Eastman Color LC Print 1993 19?? Replaced 5380/7380. Not the same as 1962–1972 film.
5386/7386 Eastman EXR Color Print 1993 c.2002 Replaced 5384/7384
2386/3386 Eastman EXR Color Print 1994 c.1999 ESTAR-base version of 5386, with rem-jet backing.
SO-886 Special Order 886 1997 1998? ESTAR-base. Antistatic layer.
NumberNameIntro.Disc.?Notes
2383/3383 Vision Color Print 1998 no Replaced 5386. ESTAR-base; processes ECP-2D and ECP-2E, no rem-jet backing. (Process ECP-2E removes soundtrack redeveloper and the "first fixer"; it is suitable for cyan-dye soundtrack prints)
2393 Vision Premier Color Print 1998 2015 ESTAR-base; processes ECP-2D and ECP-2E. Higher density blacks than 2383.
2395 Vision Color Teleprint c.1999 2010 Low-contrast prints
2302 Black-and-white Print c.1999 no Complements 5302. Process D97.
NumberNameIntro.Disc.?Notes

Lab films

Introduced/Discontinued?
Number Name Intro. Disc.? Notes
5234/7234 Eastman Fine Grain Duplicating Panchromatic Negative film 1958 2017
2234/3234 Eastman Fine Grain Duplicating Panchromatic Negative film 1958 no ESTAR-based version of 5234.
5235 Eastman Panchromatic film unknown 1998 35 and 70 mm only.
7361 Eastman Reversal BW Print Film 1962 unknown, but disc. 16 mm only, Black-and White.
5249/7249 Eastman Color Reversal Intermediate film 1968 unknown, but disc. Process CRI-1.
5360/7360 Eastman Direct MP Film 1968 unknown, but disc.
NumberNameIntro.Disc.?Notes
5369 Eastman High Contrast Panchromatic Film unknown 2011 35 and 70 mm only.
2369/3369 Eastman High Contrast Panchromatic Film unknown 2011 ESTAR-based version of 5369. Also provided 16 mm.
5272/7272 Eastman Color Internegative II Film 1980 2014 Process ECN-2. Replaced 5271/7271.
5243 Eastman Color Intermediate Film 1976 unknown, but disc. Introduced in 1976, improved in 1986
5244/7244 Eastman Color Intermediate Film 1992 unknown, but disc. Replaced 5243/7243.
2244 Eastman Color Intermediate Film 1992 unknown, but disc. ESTAR-based version of 5244.
NumberNameIntro.Disc.?Notes
5363/7363 Eastman High Contrast Black/White Positive Film c. 1999 no Used for title production
5366/7366 Eastman Fine Grain Duplicating Positive Film c. 1999 no
2374 Kodak Panchromatic Sound Recording Film c. 1999 no ESTAR-based and 35 mm only. For optical soundtrack recording use.
2378E/3378E Eastman EXR Sound Recording Film c. 1999 no ESTAR-based only. For optical soundtrack recording use.
2238 Kodak Panchromatic Separation Film c. 1999 2023 ESTAR-based version and 35 mm only too.
5242/7242 Kodak Vision Color Intermediate Film c. 1998 no Process ECN-2.
2242/3242 Kodak Vision Color Intermediate Film c. 1998 no ESTAR-based version of 5242. Process ECN-2.
NumberNameIntro.Disc.?Notes
5254/2254 Kodak Vision3 Color Digital Intermediate Film 2010 no Recording film.
2332 Kodak Color Asset Protection Film 2012 2014 Recording film. ESTAR-based. Optimized for productions that originate or are finished digitally.
2237 Kodak Vision3 Digital Separation Film 2012 no Black-and-white recording film. ESTAR-based. Intended for making archival separations from color digital masters.

Other

FilmoTec

FilmoTec is German company in the tradition of Agfa/ORWO. The FilmoTec GmbH was formed in 1998 to continue to manufacture a range of black and white camera and technical films for motion picture use under the ORWO brand.

Discontinued films:

Available films:

Foma

Foma Bohemia spol. s r.o. (historically Fotochema, n.p., Hradec Králové) is a Czech manufacturer of black and white photographic materials. Motion picture materials are also part of the production.

Black and white films

Name ISO Dates Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Fomapan R 17 40/17° 1960s–1990 Fine grain panchromatic reversal film for amateur use. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Fomapan R 21 100/21° 1960s–1990 Panchromatic reversal film for amateur use. EI 80 in artificial light. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Fomapan R 24 200/24° 1960s–1990 High speed panchromatic reversal film for amateur use. Suitable for use in artificial light. EI 160 in artificial light. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Kinopozitiv 2/4° 1960s–1990 Film for making positive prints from black and white motion picture negatives. 2×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm
Kinopozitiv T ? 1960s–c1980 Film for making copies and positive prints for television. 35mm
Titulkovací film 2,5/5° 1960s–1970s Black and white positive film for making title sequences. Very fine grain, high contrast. 2×8, 16mm
Dokument K 2/4° 1980s–1990 Unsensitized black and white film for making motion picture copies; could also be used for making title sequences. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm, 35mm
Available films
Fomapan R 100 100/21° c1998–present Panchromatic reversal film introduced in the late 1990s. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Fomapan 100 Cine 100/21° 2024–present Panchromatic negative film. Cine version of Fomapan 100 still film. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Foma Ortho 400 Cine 400/27° 2024–present High-speed orthochromatic negative film. Cine version of Foma Ortho 400 still film. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Fomapan 400 Cine 400/27° 2026–present High-speed panchromatic negative film. Cine version of Fomapan 400 still film. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm

Color reversal films

Name ISO Dates Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Fomachrom MD 13 16/13° 1980s Trial run of Fomachrom MD in slower sensitivity. Sold in Fomachrom MD 17 boxes with "MD 17" taped over with "MD 13". DS 8
Fomachrom MD 17 40/17° c1982–1990 Daylight balanced color reversal film for amateur use. Warmer color rendering. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Fomachrom MA 17 40/17° 1980s Tungsten balanced color reversal film which was developed by Fotochema but never reached the market. Similar properties to Fomachrom MD 17. n/a

Forte

Forte photochemical industry, Vác was a hungarian film manufacturer. Forte no longer manufactures film.

FOTON

FOTON was a brand of Warsaw Photochemical Works (WZF), a Polish state-owned film manufacturer. WZF no longer manufactures film.

Black and white films

Name ISO Dates Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Fotopan ? 1960s Black and white amateur film. 2×8, 16mm
Fotopan Ultra ? 1960s Black and white amateur film. 16mm
Fotopan R 50 50/18° 1960s–c1985 Panchromatic reversal film for amateur use. ASA 32 for artificial light. 2×8, 16mm
Fotopan RF 80/20° 1980s Panchromatic reversal film for amateur use. ASA 50 for artificial light. 2×8, 16mm
Film Pozytywowy 1/1° 1960s–1970s Fine grain black and white film on safety base for making positive copies. Later replaced by FOTON PD-2. 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm
PD-2 n/a ? Fine-grain orthochromatic black and white positive film. 16mm, 35mm

Color positive films

Name ISO Dates Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Fotoncolor n/a 1957–? First Fotoncolor positive film. Soon replaced by Fotoncolor 2 due to poor quality. 35mm
Fotoncolor 2 n/a 1960s Film for making positive prints. 4×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm
Fotoncolor 3 n/a 1960s Film for making positive prints. 4×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm
Fotoncolor 3 M n/a 1970s Film for making positive prints. ?
Fotoncolor 3 P n/a 1970s Film for making positive prints. ?

Fujifilm

Fujifilm stopped production of all motion picture film stocks on March 31, 2013. For negative stocks, "85" prefix designates 35 mm, "86" prefix designates 16 mm stock. Stock numbers ending in a "2" are Fuji's Super-F emulsions (1990s) and the stocks ending in "3" are the new Eterna emulsions.

Also, Eterna Vivid series negatives' last second suffix as "4", and the ending suffix as different "E.I.".

For intermediate stocks, as negatives', adding "45" prefix designates 35 mm in polyester (PET) base, and "87" prefix designates 65/70 mm.

For positive and print stocks, "35" indicates 35 mm print film, and "36" indicates 16 mm print film.

Fuji also introduced their Reala film, a color stock with a fourth color emulsion layer, which is also the fastest daylight balanced color motion picture stock ever offered at 500 ISO.

As of March 2013, Fuji had ceased production of all motion picture film.

Color negatives (1980s)

Reversal (1980s)

Black-and-white

F-Series (1988)

Super F-Series (1999)

Reala

Containing a fourth color layer, Reala is nominally considered a part of the Super-F series. Its analogue in the stills market is Superia Reala.

Eterna (2004–2013)

Intermediate film

Recording film

Amateur films

GAF/Ansco

GAF/Ansco no longer manufactures film.

The list below is of 35mm film stocks in use in 1956.

Ilford

Ilford specialises in B&W films and, until 2003, produced motion picture versions of their photographic films for 16mm and 35mm cameras.

(As used in Hollywood, 1960s)

Note: 1973 is last appearance in American Cinematographer Manual (fourth edition).

ORWO (Agfa Wolfen)

VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen was an East German film manufacturer, originally an Agfa factory in Wolfen. ORWO stands for ORiginal WOlfen. VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen no longer manufactures film. Motion picture production was transferred to FilmoTec in 1998.

Consumer films

Black and white reversal films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfa Isopan F Umkehrfilm 25/15° ?–1964 Very fine grain panchromatic film suitable for daylight scenes. After 1964 sold as ORWO UP 15. ORWO 4100 1×8, 2×8, 16mm
Agfa Isopan ISS Umkehrfilm 64/19° ?–1964 Fine grain panchromatic reversal film. After 1964 sold as ORWO UP 19. ORWO 4100 1×8, 2×8, 16mm
Agfa Isopan Ultra Umkehrfilm 125/22° ?–1964 High speed panchromatic reversal film. After 1964 sold as ORWO UP 22. ORWO 4100 2×8
ORWO UP 15 25/15° 1964–c1990 Very fine grain panchromatic film suitable for daylight scenes. ORWO 4100 / 4105 1×8, 2×8, DS 8, 9,5mm, 16mm
ORWO UP 19 64/19° 1964–c1968 Panchromatic film with high red sensitivity, suitable for scenes in artificial light or in harsher weather. ORWO 4100 1×8, 2×8, 9,5mm, 16mm
ORWO UP 22 125/22° 1964–c1972 High speed panchromatic film for harsher weather conditions and artificial light. Replaced by UP 21 by 1972. ORWO 4100 1×8, 2×8, DS 8, 9,5mm, 16mm
ORWO UP 27 400/27° 1964–c1990 Ultra high speed panchromatic film suitable for night scenes and slow motion shots. ORWO 4100 / 4105 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
ORWO UP 21 100/21° c1972–c1990 Similar properties as UP 22, improved formulation. ORWO 4105 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
ORWO UP 17 40/17° c1977–c1982 Fine grain panchromatic film made exclusively in a Super 8 cassette. Most likely produced only for export. Discontinued by 1983. ORWO 4105 Super 8

Color negative films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
ORWO COLOR NT 18 50/18° 1964–1965 Color negative film balanced for daylight. Remaining stock of Agfacolor Negativfilm Ultra T. ORWO 5160 16mm
ORWO COLOR NK 18 50/18° 1964–1965 Color negative film balanced for artificial light. Remaining stock of Agfacolor Negativfilm Ultra K. ORWO 5160 16mm

Color reversal films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfacolor Umkehrfilm T 16/13° 1948–1955 Daylight balanced color reversal film. In 1964 reintroduced as ORWOCOLOR UT 13. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, 16mm
Agfacolor Umkehrfilm K 16/13° 1948–1958 Tungsten balanced color reversal film. In 1964 reintroduced as ORWOCOLOR UK 14. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, 16mm
Agfacolor Umkehrfilm Ultra T 32/16° 1954–1964 Daylight balanced color reversal film. After 1964 sold as ORWOCOLOR UT 16. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, 9,5mm, 16mm
Agfacolor Umkehrfilm Ultra K 32/16° 1958–1964 Tungsten balanced color reversal film. Replaced by ORWOCOLOR UK 18. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, 16mm
ORWO COLOR UT 13 16/13° 1964–1975 Very fine grain color reversal film for daylight. Film renders red very boldly. ORWO 9160 2×8, DS 8
ORWO COLOR UT 16 32/16° 1964–1968 Daylight balanced color reversal film. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, 9,5mm, 16mm
ORWO COLOR UK 14 20/14° 1964–1968 Tungsten balanced color reversal film. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, 16mm
ORWO COLOR UK 18 50/18° 1965–1974 Tungsten balanced color reversal film. ORWO 9160 1×8, 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
ORWO CHROM UK 17 40/17° 1974–1990 Tungsten balanced color reversal film. Colder color rendition. Replaced older ORWOCOLOR films in mid-70s. Film in Super 8 cassette produced in association with soviet manufacturer Svema. ORWO 9165 / 9166 Super 8, 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
ORWO CHROM UT 15 25/15° 1975–1990 Daylight balanced color reversal film. Colder color rendition. Replaced older ORWOCOLOR films in mid-70s. Film in Super 8 cassette produced in association with soviet manufacturer Svema. ORWO 9165 / 9166 Super 8, 2×8, DS 8, 16mm

Leader films

Make Name Notes Formats
Discontinued films
ORWO Vorspannfilm Amateursatz Leader film for amateur use sold in the usual formats. Box contained 15m of red and green leader films. 8mm, Super 8

Professional films

Black and white negative films

Make Name ISO Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfa Isopan FF 25/15° See ORWO NP 2. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Finopan 32/16° See ORWO NP 3. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Superpan 125/22° See ORWO NP 5. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Ultrarapid 400/27° See ORWO NP 7. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Zeitlupenfilm 400/27° See ORWO NP 71. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Infrarapid 750 n/a See ORWO NI 750. ORWO 1180 35mm
Agfa Tonnegativfilm TF 4 n/a Sound recording film. Discontinued by 1964. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Tonnegativfilm TF 6 n/a Sound recording film. Replaced by ORWO TF 6 in 1964. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO NP 2 25/15° Fine grain panchromatic film for amateur and professional use. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO NP 3 32/16° Fine grain panchromatic film suitable for outdoor and aerial scenes, also suitable for back projection. For amateur and professional use. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO NP 5 125/22° Standard panchromatic film for motion picture use. Very sharp with wide latitude. Also was available to amateurs in 16mm format. Replaced by NP 55 in 1968. Discontinued by 1972. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO NP 55 80/20° Improved version of ORWO NP 5 introduced around 1968. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO NP 7 400/27° High speed film suitable for artificial light but also harsher weather conditions. For amateur and professional use. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO NP 71 400/27° High speed film for slow-motion shots with high frame rate. For amateur and professional use. Discontinued by 1972. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO NI 750 n/a Infrared negative film with sensitivity up to 750-760 nm. Suitable for special effects. Discontinued for motion picture purposes by 1972. ORWO 1180 35mm
ORWO TF 5 n/a Sound recording film. Discontinued by 1978. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO TF 6 n/a Originally introduced as "Agfa Tonnegativfilm TF 6". Sound recording film. Discontinued by 1972. ORWO 1180 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm
ORWO TF 7 n/a Sound recording film. Discontinued by 1978. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO TF 8 n/a Introduced circa 1978. Sound recording film with blue light sensitivity and steep gradation. Base has anti-reflection coloring. ORWO 1180 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm

Black and white positive films

Make Name Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfa Positiv-Nitro-Film Positive fine grain film on nitrate base from the late 1940s/early 1950s. ORWO 1180 35mm
Agfa Positiv-Feinkornfilm See ORWO PF 1. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO PF 1 Originally introduced as "Agfa Positiv-Feinkornfilm". Positive fine grain film, also suitable for recording title sequences. Discontinued by 1972. ORWO 1180 2×8mm, 2×16mm, 8mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO PF 11 Similar properties as ORWO PF 1 and ORWO PF 2, has a thick base of 0,2 mm. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 1180 35mm
ORWO PF 2 Positive fine grain film on a thin base. Slightly lower sensitivity than ORWO PF 1. ORWO 1180 2×8mm, 2×8mm Super, 2×16mm, 4×8mm, 4×8mm Super, 8mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO PF 3 Positive fine grain film. Suitable for copies from negatives with steeper gradation. ORWO 1180 2×8mm Super, 4×8mm, 4×8mm Super, 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm
ORWO PF 5 Positive fine grain film used for television copies with flat gradation. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO PK 6 Film for copying title sequences with blue light sensitivity and steep gradation. Also suitable for title sequence recording. PK 6 was only produced on special orders. ORWO 1180 n/a

Black and white duplicating films

Make Name Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfa Dup-Negativfilm Typ A See ORWO DN 1. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
Agfa Dup-Positivfilm Typ D See ORWO DP 1. ORWO 1180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO DN 1 Ultra fine grain film for making copies, inter-positives or sound track positives. Speed of ISO 1.2/2°. Blue light sensitivity and flat gradation. ORWO 1180 4×8mm, 4×8mm Super, 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO DN 2 Ultra fine grain panchromatic film for making inter-negatives or black and white negatives from color positives. Sensitivity is 1,5 to 2 stops slower than ORWO DN 1. ORWO 1180 4×8mm, 4×8mm Super, 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO DP 1 Ultra fine grain film for making inter-positives. Gray film base. Discontinued by 1972. ORWO 1180 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO DP 2 Ultra fine grain film with flat gradation curve for making inter-positives. Sensitivity is 1 stop slower than ORWO DP 1. ORWO 1180 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO DP 3 Ultra fine grain panchromatic film for making inter-positives. Also suitable for making positives from unmasked color negative films. Sensitivity is 0,3 stop slower than ORWO DP 1. ORWO 1180 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm

Black and white television films

Make Name ISO Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
ORWO UP 11 25/15° Fine grain panchromatic reversal film suitable for daylight scenes. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 4105 / 4185 16mm
ORWO UP 21 64/19° Panchromatic reversal film suitable for scens with artificial light. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 4105 / 4185 16mm
ORWO UP 31 100/21° Fine grain panchromatic reversal film for daylight and artificial light. Flatter gradation than ORWO Fernseh-Umkehr-Film UP 21. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 4105 / 4185 16mm
ORWO UP 32 100/21° Universal television film for reportage. It could be developed either as a reversal film or as a negative film. Same EI for negative and reversal process. Wide exposure latitude and fine tonal gradation. Upon special order manufactured with magnetic sound track. ORWO 4105 / 4185

or 1180

16mm
ORWO UP 51 320/26° Panchromatic reversal film for scenes with artificial light or in bad weather. Discontinued by 1968. ORWO 4105 / 4185 16mm
ORWO UP 52 320/26° Universal television film. It could be developed either as a reversal film or as a negative film. Same EI for negative and reversal process. Upon special order manufactured with magnetic sound track. ORWO 4105 / 4185

or 1180

16mm
ORWO US 11 16/13° Special film for recording television screens. Sensitivity tailored to light spectrum of a television screen. Could be developed as a negative or a positive. Discontinued by 1983. ORWO 4105 / 4185

or 1180

16mm
ORWO UX 1 12/12° Very fine grain reversal film for making duplicates of positives. This film could be developed either as a negative or as a positive. Emulsion contains yellow dye to prevent halation. Also available for amateur use. Upon special order manufactured with magnetic sound track. ORWO 4105 / 4185

or 1180

2×8, 16mm

Color negative films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ B 16/13° 1947–1954 Unmasked color negative film for daylight. First improved film stock after 1945. Agfa ?
Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ G 16/13° 1947–1954 Unmasked color negative film for artificial light. First improved film stock after 1945. Agfa ?
Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ B 333 25/15° 1954–1962 Daylight-balanced unmasked color negative film. Replaced by Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ 432 in 1962. ORWO 5180 16mm, 35mm
Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ G 334 25/15° 1954–1962 Tungsten-balanced unmasked color negative film. Replaced by Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ 432 in 1962. ORWO 5180 16mm, 35mm
Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ 432 32/16° 1962–1964 See ORWOCOLOR NC 1. ORWO 5180 / 5186 16mm, 35mm
ORWO COLOR NC 1 32/16° 1964–1972 Introduced in 1962 as "Agfacolor Negativfilm Typ 432". Unmasked color negative motion picture film balanced for artificial light. Daylight exposure with ORWO filter K 14 and EI 25/15°. Wide exposure latitude and high sharpness. Gradation can be adjusted with development time (0,5 to 0,9). ORWO 5180 / 5186 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR NC 3 64/19° 1972–1991 Masked color negative motion picture film balanced for artificial light. Daylight exposure with ORWO filter K 14 and EI 50/18°. Based on ORWOCOLOR NC 19 Mask still film and similar properties as NC 1. ORWO 5186 / 5188 / 5189 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR XT 125 125/22° 1991–1992 Rebranded Agfacolor XT 125 stock. In 1992 replaced by XT 100. ECN-2 35mm
ORWO COLOR XT 320 320/26° 1991–1994 Rebranded Agfacolor XT 320 stock. ECN-2 35mm
ORWO COLOR XT 100 100/21° 1992–1994 Rebranded Agfacolor XT 100 stock. ECN-2 35mm

Color positive films

Make Name Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfacolor Positivfilm Typ 4 1947–c1962 Positive film with improved yellow couplers. Agfa 35mm
Agfacolor Positivfilm Typ 5 1952–1964 See ORWOCOLOR PC 5. ORWO 7180 16mm, 35mm
Agfacolor Positivfilm Typ 6 1955–1956 Positive film with steeper gradation than Positivfilm Typ 5. Sound track re-development not possible. ORWO 7180 ?
Agfacolor Positivfilm Typ 7 1956–1964 See ORWOCOLOR PC 7. ORWO 7180 16mm, 35mm
ORWO COLOR PC 5 1964–c1968 Introduced as "Agfacolor Positivfilm Typ 5". Positive color film for making positive copies from negatives and duplicate negatives. First film on the market with possibility of sound track re-development. ORWO 7180 2×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR PC 51 1964–c1968 Similar properties as ORWOCOLOR PC 5, has a thick base of 0,2mm. Suitable for back projection. ORWO 7180 35mm
ORWO COLOR PC 7 1964–1991 Introduced as "Agfacolor Positivfilm Typ 7". Positive color film for making copies from flat graduated masked and unmasked negatives. In 1965 re-introduced with improved formulation. ORWO 7180 / 7181 / 7182 2×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR PC 9 1964–c1970 Positive color film for making demonstration prints from masked negatives or unmasked negatives. Improved sharpness due to reversed layer order. Also suitable for back projection. ORWO 7180 / 7181 2×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR PC 11 c1973 Trial production. Likely never marketed. ORWO n/a
ORWO COLOR PC 12 1980–1991 Positive film with reversed layers for making of positive copies from 8mm and 16mm color negatives. ORWO 7182 2×8mm, 16mm, 2×16mm, 4×8mm Super, 35mm
ORWO COLOR PC 13 c1982 Trial production of film with anti-static layer and hydrophobic couplers. Likely never marketed. ORWO n/a
ORWO COLOR PC 15 1987–1990 Trial production of film with oil-protected couplers compatible with ECP-2 process. Likely never marketed. ECP-2 n/a

Color duplicating films

Make Name Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
Agfacolor Umkehr-Dup-Negativfilm 1949–1954 First color duplicating film on the market. Used for duplicating negatives using single-stage copying. Agfa 35mm
Agfacolor Umkehr-Dupfilm M 1954–1964 See ORWOCOLOR DC 1. Agfa 16mm, 35mm
ORWO COLOR DC 1 1964–1965 Introduced as "Agfacolor Umkehr-Dupfilm M". First Wolfen film to incorporate masking. Film for making duplicate negatives using the reversal process. ORWO 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR DC 2 1965–c1983 Double masked color duplicating film for making positive copies of positives using reversal development. Discontinued by 1983. ORWO 9181 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm
ORWO COLOR DC 6 1968–c1983 Introduced in 1968. Double masked color duplicating film for two-stage copying. Discontinued by 1983. ORWO 7186 2×16mm, 16mm, 35mm, 70mm

Color television films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Process Formats
Discontinued films
ORWO CHROM UK 3 64/19° 1978–1989 Color reversal television film balanced for artificial light (3200K). ORWO 9186 16mm
ORWO CHROM UK 31 125/22° 1987–1990 Color reversal television film balanced for artificial light (3200K) with higher speed. Gradation tailored to television purposes. ORWO 9187 16mm
ORWO CHROM UF 1 n/a 1973–1985 Film for making positive copies of positives. Gradation adjusted for television scanning. Replaced by UF 11 by 1987. ORWO 9186 16mm
ORWO CHROM UF 11 n/a 1985–1990 Color reversal copy film based on UK 3. Finer grain compared to UF 1. Increased copying speed due to higher sensitivity. ORWO 9186 16mm

Slavich

Slavich is a Russian film manufacturer. They no longer produce motion picture film but do still produce photographic emulsion paper.

Svema

Svema was a Soviet/Ukrainian film manufacturer.

Consumer black and white reversal films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Svema ОЧ-45
(OCh-45)
50/18° Black and white reversal film for amateur use. Super 8, 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Svema ОЧ-90
(OCh-90)
100/21° Black and white reversal film for amateur use. 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Svema ОЧ-180
(OCh-180)
200/24° Black and white reversal film for amateur use. Super 8, 2×8, DS 8, 16mm
Svema ОЧ-50
(OCh-50)
50/18° Black and white reversal film for amateur use. 1×8, 1×Super 8, Super 8, 2×8, DS 8, 16mm

Consumer color reversal films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Svema ЦО-32Д
(CO-32D)
40/17° Daylight balanced color reversal film for amateur use. 1×8, 1×Super 8, Super 8, DS 8, 16mm
Svema ЦО-50Д
(CO-50D)
50/18° Daylight balanced color reversal film for amateur use. 1×Super 8, Super 8, DS 8, 16mm

Black and white films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Svema КН-1
(KN-1)
20/14° Black and white negative film for motion pictures. In artificial light film should be rated at ISO 12/12°. 16mm, 35mm
Svema КН-2
(KN-2)
50/18° Black and white negative film for motion pictures. 16mm, 35mm
Svema КН-3
(KN-3)
80/20° Black and white negative film for motion pictures. 16mm, 35mm
Svema КН-4С
(KN-4S)
500/28° Black and white negative film for motion pictures. 16mm, 35mm
Svema НК-2Ш
(NK-2Sh)
100/21° Black and white negative film for motion pictures. 16mm, 35mm
Svema А-2Ш
(A-2Sh)
400/27° Black and white negative film for motion pictures. 16mm, 35mm
Svema К3-63
(K3-63)
n/a Sound recording film. 16mm, 35mm
Svema МЗ-3
(MZ-3)
2,5/5° Film for making positive motion picture prints. 16mm, 35mm

Black and white television films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Svema ОЧ-Т-45
(OCh-T-45)
50/18° Black and white reversal film for television. 16mm
Svema ОЧ-Т-180
(OCh-T-180)
200/24° Black and white reversal film for television. 16mm
Svema ОЧ-Т-В
(OCh-T-V)
400/27° Black and white reversal film for television. 16mm
Svema ОЧ-Т-Н
(OCh-T-N)
3/6° Black and white television film for making copies of reversal films. 16mm

Color negative films

Make Name ISO Dates Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Factory No. 3 ДС-1
(DS-1)
20/14° 1948–c1956 Unmasked color negative film balanced for daylight. Produced at Agfa Wolfen in 1946-1947. 16 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 ЛН-1
(LN-1)
20/14° 1948–c1956 Unmasked color negative film balanced for artificial light. Produced at Agfa Wolfen in 1946-1947. 16 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 ДС-2
(DS-2)
50/18° 1956–1960 Unmasked color negative film for daylight. 45 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 ЛН-2
(LN-2)
50/18° 1956–1960 Unmasked color negative film for artificial light. 45 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 / Svema ДС-3
(DS-3)
40/17° 1960–? Unmasked color negative film for daylight. 32 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 / Svema ЛН-3
(LN-3)
40/17° 1960–1980 Unmasked color negative film for artificial light. 32 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 / Svema ДС-4
(DS-4)
50/18° 1962–1980 Unmasked color negative film for daylight. 45 GOST (old). 35mm
Factory No. 3 / Svema ДС-5М
(DS-5M)
40/17° 1963–? Masked color negative motion picture film for daylight. 32 GOST (old). 16mm, 35mm
Factory No. 3 / Svema ЛН-5М
(LN-5M)
40/17° 1963–1970 Masked color negative film for artificial light. 32 GOST (old). 35mm
Svema ЛН-6М
(LN-6M)
? 1970–1974 Masked color negative film for artificial light. 35mm
Svema ЛН-7
(LN-7)
80/20° 1974–1975 Color negative film for artificial light. 65 GOST (old). 35mm
Svema ЛН-8
(LN-8)
100/21° 1975–? Color negative film for artificial light. 90 GOST (old). 35mm
Svema ЛН-9
(LN-9)
100/21° ?–? Masked color negative film for artificial light. 16mm, 35mm

Color positive films

Make Name Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Factory No. 3 ЦП
(CP)
Introduced in 1948. First color copy film based on Agfacolor. 35mm
Svema ЦП-8Р
(CP-8R)
Color film for making positive motion picture prints. 16mm, 35mm
Svema ЦП-10
(CP-10)
Color positive film with "displaced layers". 16mm, 35mm
Svema ЦП-11
(CP-11)
Color positive film with "displaced layers". Triple sensitivity compared to CP-10. 16mm, 35mm

Color duplicating films

Make Name Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Svema КП-6
(KP-6)
Color copy film. 16mm, 35mm
Svema КПМ
(KPM)
Color copy film. 16mm, 35mm

Color television films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Svema ЦО-Т-22Д
(CO-T-22D)
25/15° Introduced in 1974. Daylight balanced color reversal film for television. 16mm
Svema ЦО-Т-90ЛМ
(CO-T-90LM)
100/21° Introduced in 1972. Tungsten balanced color reversal film for television. 16mm
Svema ЦО-Т-180Л
(CO-T-180L)
200/24° Tungsten balanced color reversal film for television. 16mm
Svema ЦО-5
(CO-5)
n/a Fine grain film for making copies of color reversal films. 16mm

Tasma

Tasma is a Russian company (Russian: Тасма), located in the Russian Republic of Tatarstan.

Consumer black and white reversal films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Kazan / Tasma ОЧ-180
(OCh-180)
200/24° High speed black and white reversal film. 2×8, 16mm
Tasma ОЧ-50
(OCh-50)
50/18° Black and white reversal film for amateur use. 16mm
Tasma ОЧ-200
(OCh-200)
200/24° Black and white reversal film for amateur use. 16mm

Consumer color reversal films

Make Name ISO Notes Formats
Discontinued films
Kazan ЦО-1
(CO-1)
25/15° Fine grain color reversal film. 2×8
Tasma ЦО-22
(CO-22)
25/15° Fine grain color reversal film. 16mm
Tasma ЦО-25
(CO-25)
25/15° Fine grain color reversal film. 16mm

Black and white films

See also

References

  1. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, Hollywood, 1973, pp 234, 238.
  2. ↑ Katz, Ephraim (1994). The Film Encyclopedia (2nd ed.) HarperCollins Press. ISBN 0-06-273089-4.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Koshofer, Gert (November 2010). "75 Jahre farbige Schmalfilme – und schon früher" (PDF). Hamburger Flimmern (in German) (17). Film- und Fernsehmuseum Hamburg e.V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-06-27.
  4. ↑ "super 8 database, agfachrome plus super 8". filmkorn.org. Retrieved 2025-12-29.
  5. ↑ "super 8 database, agfachrome 40 sound". filmkorn.org. Retrieved 2025-12-29.
  6. ↑ "super 8 database, agfa moviechrome 40". filmkorn.org. Retrieved 2025-12-29.
  7. ↑ "super 8 database, agfa moviechrome 40 plus". filmkorn.org. Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  8. ↑ "super 8 database, agfa moviechrome 40 sound". filmkorn.org. Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  9. ↑ Salt, Barry. Film Style and Technology: History and Analysis, Starword, London, third edition, 2009, pg 198.
  10. ↑ American Cinematographer; vol. 6, #11, February 1926, pg 2
  11. ↑ American Cinematographer Hand Book and Reference Guide, Jackson J. Rose, 9th Edition 1956, pages 52–53
  12. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, first edition, 1960, pages 128–130
  13. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, 2nd edition, 1966, pages 247–251
  14. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, 3rd edition, 1969, pages 188–192
  15. ↑ Carlson, Verne and Sylvia. Professional 16/35mm Cameraman's Handbook, first edition, 1970, page 23
  16. ↑ Kodak H-1: Selecting Films: Film Types, Names, and Numbers, Retrieved 28 March 2007. Archived May 24, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  17. ↑ Mees, C. E. Kenneth. "History of Professional Black-and-White Motion-Picture film", Journal of the SMPTE, Volume 63, October 1954.
  18. ↑ Kodak | Motion Picture Imaging Chronology of Motion Picture Films: 1889–1939 (Part 1) Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 28 March 2007.
  19. 1 2 3 Kodak | Motion Picture Imaging Chronology of Motion Picture Films: 1940–1959 (Part 2) Archived 2009-06-25 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 29 March 2007.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 K.J. Carl, Jr.; J.W. Erwin; S.J. Powell; F.R. Reinking; R.C. Sehlin; S.W. Spakowsky; W.A. Szafranski; R.W. Wien (December 1982), "Eastman Color Print Film 5384", SMPTE Journal, 91 (12): 1161–1170, doi:10.5594/J02009
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Kodak | Motion Picture Imaging Chronology of Motion Picture Films: 1960–1979 (Part 3), Retrieved 28 March 2007.
  22. 1 2 Pytlak, John P. Eastman Kodak Corporation. At Film-Tech Forums : Film Handler's Forum, topic "Kodak '4B' print stock" (topic #2835), page 1 (post #4). 27 November 2001 02:22PM (CT)
  23. 1 2 J. Baptista; J. Erwin; F. Franzwa; C. Hunt; H. Johnston; E. Knutssen; C. Maggiulli; R. O'Connell (1978), "Two New Eastman Color Print Films with Improved Cyan Dye Dark-Keeping Stability", SMPTE 120th Technical Conference, SMPTE
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Kodak | Motion Picture Imaging Chronology of Motion Picture Films: 1980-today (Part 4), Retrieved 28 March 2007.
  25. ↑ S.J. Powell; C. Didier; B. Gagny; K.J. Carl; J.W. Erwin; I.A. Halman (March 1984), "Eastman Color LC Print Film 5380/7380", SMPTE Journal, 92 (3): 228–234, doi:10.5594/J03621
  26. ↑ Pytlak, John P. "Film Notes For the Reel People: A Technical Service for Filmhandlers from Eastman Kodak Company"; Publication H-50-34, October 1994 and H-50-35, December 1994. 2386 was first used on Maverick and Getting Even with Dad.
  27. ↑ Kodak Vision Color Teleprint Film, Retrieved 29 March 2007. Archived February 12, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  28. ↑ Kodak Black-and-white print film 2302, Retrieved 29 March 2007. Archived July 7, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  29. ↑ "Discontinued Listings" (PDF). Kodak. 2023-01-11. Retrieved 2024-04-07.
  30. ↑ Kodak | Color Negative Films SFX 200T Color Negative Film, Retrieved 29 March 2007. Archived November 5, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  31. ↑ "Kodak Introduces Verita 200D Color-Negative Film Stock". American Cinematographer. April 10, 2026. Retrieved April 13, 2026.
  32. ↑ "A New Motion Picture Film Stock Arrives Thanks To ORWO". No Film School. 2023-03-13. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
  33. ↑ "WOLFEN NC400 - 36EXP". ORWO Film. Retrieved 2025-07-25.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Děd, Jiří (1983). Než stisknete spoušť (in Czech) (1st ed.). Prague: Merkur.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Seznam vyrobků FOMA (in Czech). Fotochema, n.p., Hradec Králové. 1984.
  36. 1 2 3 Fomapan R (in Czech). Fotochema, n.p., Hradec Králové. 1976.
  37. 1 2 Přehled doporučených lázní, pracovních postupů a výrobků Foma (in Czech) (4th, Extended ed.). Prague: Obchodní politika n.p. Fotochema. 1974.
  38. ↑ Lázně Foma (in Czech) (3rd, Extended ed.). Prague: Obchodně technická služba a propagace n.p. Fotochema. 1971.
  39. ↑ Fomachrom MD 13 notice (in Czech). Fotochema, n.p., Hradec Králové. 1982.
  40. ↑ Fomachrom MD 17 (in Czech). Fotochema, n.p., Hradec Králové. 1980.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Fotomuzeum.pl - Błony kinematograficzne". www.fotomuzeum.pl. Retrieved 2025-12-16.
  42. ↑ "Discontinued Films". Fujifilm USA. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018.
  43. ↑ Fuji (January 12, 2006). Fujifilm Expands Eterna Family with the Introduction of Eterna 400, Eterna 250 Archived 2006-10-17 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved July 8, 2006
  44. ↑ "Discontinuation of Motion Picture Film production". Fujifilm Global. April 2, 2013. Archived from the original on 5 April 2013.
  45. ↑ (in Japanese)Discontinue announcement from fujifilm.jp.
  46. ↑ {ja}Discontinue announcement from fujifilm.jp.
  47. 1 2 3 Fujifilm Motion Picture "FUJIFILM Global | Products | Motion Picture Films | Product Line-up". Archived from the original on 2007-10-07. Retrieved 2007-10-10., Retrieved 10 October 2007.
  48. 1 2 Released starts early summer of 2007"Fujifilm: Motion Picture Imaging News". Archived from the original on 2007-11-12. Retrieved 2007-10-18., Retrieved 16 April 2007.
  49. 1 2 3 4 "4 Fujica Instant Load Single-8 Films" (PDF). pacificrimcamera.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2025-07-25. Retrieved 2025-07-25.
  50. ↑ American Cinematographer Hand Book and Reference Guide, Jackson J. Rose, 9th Edition 1956, page 51
  51. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, Hollywood, 2nd edition, 1966, pp 278–281.
  52. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, Hollywood, 3rd edition, 1969, pp 209–211.
  53. ↑ American Cinematographer Manual, Hollywood, 4th edition, 1973, pp 235–237.
  54. 1 2 Kameník, Karel (1957). Natáčíme a promítáme 8 mm film (in Czech). Prague: Orbis.
  55. ↑ "Agfa ISOPAN Umkehrfilm ISS 2x8mm". Kleinanzeigen (in German). Archived from the original on 2025-07-23. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
  56. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 ORWO Gesamtkatalog (in German). Wolfen: VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen. 1964.
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lühr, Franz; Hübner, Günter (1968). ORWO Rezepte (in German) (1968 ed.). Wolfen: VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen.
  58. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Lühr, Franz; Hübner, Günter (1972). ORWO Rezepte (in German) (1972 ed.). Wolfen: VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen.
  59. ↑ "super 8 database, orwo up 17". filmkorn.org. Retrieved 2025-08-03.
  60. 1 2 3 4 Hübner, Günter; Krause, Wolfgang (1983). ORWO Rezepte (in German) (1983 ed.). Wolfen: VEB Fotochemisches Kombinat Wolfen.
  61. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Finger, Ehrhard (2014). In Farbe: Die Agfa-ORWO-Farbfotografie (in German). Berlin: Fruehwerk Verlag. ISBN 978-3-941295-14-8.
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  63. ↑ Agfa. "Notice : Agfacolor Ultra K (Agfa)(MAN0591)". Collection G. Even. Retrieved 2025-10-14.
  64. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mediengestalter Bild und Ton. ORWO.
  65. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ORWO Gesamtkatalog (in German) (1984 ed.). Wolfen: VEB Fotochemisches Kombinat Wolfen. 1984.
  66. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Lühr, Franz; Hübner, Günter (1960). Agfa Rezepte (in German) (4th ed.). Wolfen: VEB Filmfabrik Agfa Wolfen.
  67. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hübner, Günter; Lühr, Franz (1964). ORWO Rezepte (in German) (1964 ed.). Wolfen: VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen.
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hübner, Günter; Krause, Wolfgang (1978). ORWO Rezepte (in German) (1978 ed.). Wolfen: VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen.
  69. 1 2 "TGL 33765 Lichtempfindliches Schwarzweiß-Silberhalogenid-Aufzeichnungsmaterial auf durchsichtiger Unterlage Kine-Negativfilm". portal.dnb.de. 1976-07-30. Retrieved 2025-09-10.
  70. ↑ "TGL 32440 Lichtempfindliches Schwarzweiß-Silberhalogenid-Aufzeichnungsmaterial auf durchsichtiger Unterlage Umkehr-Fernseh-Aufnahmematerial". portal.dnb.de. 1976-02-06. Retrieved 2025-09-10.
  71. 1 2 3 ORWO Gesamtkatalog – Ergänzungen zur Ausgabe 1984 (in German). Wolfen: VEB Fotochemisches Kombinat Wolfen. 1987.

´

www.pixpast.com for samples of original 35mm agfacolor film from 1936 to 1945.