↑LeConte, J.L. (1861) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part I. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Washington, D.C. 214 pp.
12LeConte, J.L. (1856) Synopsis of the Melolonthidae of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, (2)3, 225-288.
12Saylor, L.W. (1938b) Revision of the subfamily Oncerinae with description of a new genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 40, 99-103.
↑Horn, G.H. (1894) The Coleoptera of Baja California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, (2)4, 302-449.