Carnivoramorpha

Carnivoramorpha
Intervalo temporal:
Paleoceno Inferior − Presente
66,043–0 Ma
Diversidade de Carnivoramorpha
Classificação científica e
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Classe: Mammalia
Clado: Pan-Carnivora
Clado: Carnivoramorpha
Wyss & Flynn, 1993
Subgroups
Sinónimos
  • Carnivora (Rose, 2012)
  • Carnivoramoepha (Matsui & Kimura, 2022)
  • Carnivoramomorpha (Wyss & Flynn, 1993)

Carnivoramorpha é um clado de mamíferos placentários que inclui a ordem moderna Carnivora e seus parentes-tronco extintos.

Classificação e filogenia

Classificação

Em 2010, Flynn, Finarelli & Spaulding nomeou um novo clado Carnivoraformes dentro de Carnivoramorpha, contendo carnívoros e "miacídeos", mas não viverravídeos. Os autores definiram Carnivoraformes como o clado contendo Carnivora e todos os taxa que são mais intimamente relacionados aos Carnivora (representados por Canis lupus) do que aos viverravídeos (representados por Viverravus gracilis).

Árvore filogenética

As relações filogenéticas dos carnívoros são mostradas no cladograma a seguir:

 Carnivoramorpha 
 †Viverravidae 
 

†Viverravoidea

 
 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 50993 & UALVP 50994)

 
 ? 

†Ravenictis

 
 sensu lato 
 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 31176)

 
 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (USNM 538395)

 
 ? 

†"Sinopa" insectivorus

 
 Carnivoraformes 
 
 

†Neovulpavus

 
 ? 

†carnivoraform undet. Genus A (UCMP 110072)

 
 

†Lycarion

 
 clado †Lycarion/Neovulpavus
 
 ? 

†carnivoraform undet. Genus B (SDSNH 56335)

 
 ? 

†Ceruttia

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

†Dormaalocyon

 
 

†"Miacis" exiguus

 
 
 
 

†Vassacyon

 
 

†Vulpavus

 
 
 
 

†"Miacis" deutschi

 
 clado †Vulpavus
 
 
 
 

†Miocyon

 
 

†Simamphicyon

 
 
 

†Zodiocyon

 
 
 

†Uintacyon

 
 ? 

†"Miacis" boqinghensis

 
 ? 

†"Miacis" lushiensis

 
 ? 

†"Miacis" thailandicus

 
 ? 

†"Miacis" invictus

 
 
 clado †Uintacyon
 
 

†Miacis

 
 

†carnivoraform sp. (PM 3868)

 
 

†Dawsonicyon

 
 ? 

†Africtis

 
 

†"Miacis" petilus

 
 

†"Miacis" latidens

 
 ? 

†"Miacis" hookwayi

 
 
 

†Paroodectes

 
 

†Paramiacis

 
 

†Eogale

 
 
 

†Gracilocyon

 
 

†Oodectes

 
 
 clado †Gracilocyon/Oodectes
 
 
 
 

†Prodaphaenus

 
 ? 

†Walshius

 
 Carnivora 
 

Feliformia

 
 

Caniformia

 
 sensu stricto 
 
 
 
 (Carnivora [sensu lato]) 

Referências

  1. ↑ Wyss, A. R. & Flynn, J. J. (1993.) “A Phylogenetic Analysis and Definition of the Carnivora.” in "Mammal Phylogeny – Placentals", Szalay, F. S., M. J. Novacek and M. C. McKenna (eds.). ISBN 978-0-387-97853-6
  2. ↑ K. D. Rose, A. E. Chew, R. H. Dunn, M. J. Kraus, H. C. Fricke and S. P. Zack (2012.) "Earliest Eocene mammalian fauna from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum at Sand Creek Divide, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming." University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 36:1-122
  3. ↑ Matsui, K.; Kimura, Y. (2022). «A "Mammalian-like" Pycnodont Fish: Independent Acquisition of Thecodont Implantation, True Vertical Replacement, and Carnassial Dentitions in Carnivorous Mammals and a Peculiar Group of Pycnodont Fish». Life. 12 (2). Bibcode:2022Life...12..250M. PMC 8878644Acessível livremente. PMID 35207537. doi:10.3390/life12020250Acessível livremente
  4. 1 2 John J. Flynn; John A. Finarelli; Michelle Spaulding (2010). «Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations». In: Anjali Goswami; Anthony Friscia. Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function. [S.l.]: Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–63. ISBN 9781139193436. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003
  5. ↑ Bryant, H.N., and M. Wolson (2004) “Phylogenetic Nomenclature of Carnivoran Mammals.” First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting. Paris, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle
  6. ↑ Michelle Spaulding; John J. Flynn; Richard K. Stucky (2010). «A new basal Carnivoramorphan (Mammalia) from the 'Bridger B' (Black's Fork member, Bridger Formation, Bridgerian Nalma, middle Eocene) of Wyoming, USA». Palaeontology. 53 (4): 815–832. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00963.x
  7. ↑ Susumu Tomiya (2011). «A new basal caniform (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Middle Eocene of North America and remarks on the phylogeny of early carnivorans». PLOS One. 6 (9): e24146. PMC 3173397Acessível livremente. PMID 21935380. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024146
  8. ↑ Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; de Bast, Eric; Smith, Thierry (2014). «Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)». Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1–21. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195
  9. ↑ Wang, Jian; Zhang, Zhaoqun (2015). «Phylogenetic analysis on Palaeogale (Palaeogalidae, Carnivora) based on specimens from Oligocene strata of Saint-Jacques, Nei Mongol». Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 53 (4): 310–334
  10. ↑ Solé, Floréal; Smith, Thierry; De Bast, Eric; Codrea, Vlad; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel (2016). «New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)». Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480
  11. ↑ Tomiya, Susumu; Tseng, Zhijie Jack (2016). «Whence the beardogs? Reappraisal of the Middle to Late Eocene 'Miacis' from Texas, USA, and the origin of Amphicyonidae (Mammalia, Carnivora)». Royal Society Open Science. 3 (10). 160518 páginas. Bibcode:2016RSOS....3p0518T. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 5098994Acessível livremente. PMID 27853569. doi:10.1098/rsos.160518
  12. ↑ Solé, F. & Ladevèze, S. (2017). "Evolution of the hypercarnivorous dentition in mammals (Metatheria, Eutheria) and its bearing on the development of tribosphenic molars." Evolution & Development, 19(2), 56–68.
  13. ↑ Prevosti, F. J., & Forasiepi, A. M. (2018). "Introduction. Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies"