| Years |
|---|
| Millennium |
| 1st millennium BC |
| Centuries |
| Decades |
| Years |
| 406 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 406 BC CDV BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 348 |
| Ancient Egypt era | XXVII dynasty, 120 |
| - Pharaoh | Darius II of Persia, 18 |
| Ancient Greek era | 93rd Olympiad, year 3 |
| Assyrian calendar | 4345 |
| Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
| Bengali calendar | −998 |
| Berber calendar | 545 |
| Buddhist calendar | 139 |
| Burmese calendar | −1043 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5103–5104 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲戌年 (Wood Dog) 2291 or 2231 — to — 乙亥年 (Wood Pig) 2292 or 2232 |
| Coptic calendar | −689 – −688 |
| Discordian calendar | 761 |
| Ethiopian calendar | −413 – −412 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3355–3356 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | −349 – −348 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2695–2696 |
| Holocene calendar | 9595 |
| Iranian calendar | 1027 BP – 1026 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 1059 BH – 1058 BH |
| Javanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | N/A |
| Korean calendar | 1928 |
| Minguo calendar | 2317 before ROC 民前2317年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1873 |
| Thai solar calendar | 137–138 |
| Tibetan calendar | ཤིང་ཕོ་ཁྱི་ལོ་ (male Wood-Dog) −279 or −660 or −1432 — to — ཤིང་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་ (female Wood-Boar) −278 or −659 or −1431 |
Year 406 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.