April 8

April 8 is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 267 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1900

217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated (and succeeded) by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
1093 – The new Winchester Cathedral is dedicated.
1139 – Roger II of Sicily is excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church.
1730 – Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in New York City, is dedicated.
1740 – War of Jenkins' Ear: Three British ships capture the Spanish third–rate HMS Princess.
1742 – The first performance of George Frideric Handel's oratorio Messiah, in Dublin.
1767 – Ayutthaya kingdom fell to Burmese invaders.
1784 – William Herschel discovers six Galaxies.
1820 – The Venus de Milo is discovered on the Aegean island of Melos.
1832 – Black Hawk War: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis to fight the Sauk Native Americans.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Mansfield – Union General Nathaniel Banks' Red River Campaign is thwarted by Confederate General Richard Taylor's forces at Mansfield, Louisiana.
1866 – Italy and Prussia ally against the Austrian Empire.
1886 – William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Irish Home Rule Bill into the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
1893 – First recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania when the Geneva College Covenanters defeated the New Brighton YMCA.
1899 – Martha Place becomes the first woman to be executed in an electric chair.

1901 – 2000

1904 – France and the United Kingdom sign the Entente cordiale.
1904 – Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square after The New York Times.
1906 – Auguste Deter, the first–recorded Alzheimer's disease patient, dies at the age of 56.
1908 – Harvard University votes to establish the Harvard Business School.
1910 – The Los Angeles Motordome opened near Playa del Rey, California.
1911 – Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity.
1913 – The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified requiring direct election of Senators.
1916 – In Corona, California, auto racer Bob Burman crashed through a crowd barrier at the last Boulevard Race, killing himself, his mechanic and a track policeman, and badly injuring five spectators.
1918 – World War I: Actors Douglas Fairbanks and Charlie Chaplin sell war bonds on the streets of New York City's financial district.
1924 – Sharia courts are banned in Turkey, as part of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's reforms.
1929 – Indian independence movement: At Delhi Central Assembly, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw handouts, and bombs in a corridor not to cause injury and courted arrest.
1933 – A majority of voters in Western Australia chooses to secede from Australia in a referendum; the result is not recognised.
1935 – The Works Progress Administration is formed when the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 becomes law.
1942 – World War II: Siege of Leningrad – Soviet Union forces open a much–needed railway link to Leningrad.
1952 – In a radio address to the nation from the White House, President Harry S. Truman calls for the seizure of all steel mills in the United States in order to prevent a nationwide strike.
1953 – Mau Mau leader Jomo Kenyatta is convicted by Kenya's British rulers.
1954 – A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair Harvard aircraft collides with a Trans–Canada Airlines Canadian North Star aircraft over Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, killing 37 people.
1954 – South African Airways Flight 201 crashes into the sea near Naples, Italy, killing 21 people.
1960 – The Netherlands and West Germany sign an agreement to negotiate the return of German land annexed by the Dutch.
1961 – A large explosion on board the MV Dara in the Persian Gulf kills 238 people.
1967 – In Vienna, Austria, Sandie Shaw wins the twelfth Eurovision Song Contest for the United Kingdom singing "Puppet on a String".
1970 – Israeli bombers strike an Egyptian school, killing 46 children.
1971 – a 6–pound meteorite struck a house on Spring Street in Wethersfield, Connecticut.
1973 – Painter and sculptor Pablo Picasso dies in Mougins, France, at the age of 91.
1974 – At the Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, Hank Aaron breaks baseball great's Babe Ruth's record by hitting his 715th home run.
1975 – Frank Robinson of the Cleveland Indians manages his first game as major league baseball's first African American manager.
1975 – Vietnam War: After spending a week in South Vietnam, U.S. Army Chief of Staff Frederick Weyand gives a report to the U.S. Congress that South Vietnam will fall without additional military aid.
1985 – Bhopal disaster: India files suit against Union Carbide for the disaster which killed an estimated 2,000 and injured another 200,000.
1986 – Clint Eastwood is elected mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California receiving 72% of the vote (voter turnout was also doubled over the previous mayoral election).
1987 – Los Angeles Dodgers executive Al Campanis resigns amid great controversy over racially–charged remarks he had made while on Nightline.
1989 – South Africa In Johannesburg, the Progressive Federal Party, Independent party, National Democratic Movement and the force of "Ontevrede Afrikaners" or dissatisfied Afrikaners merged to form the Democratic Party.
1990 – Twin Peaks premieres.
1992 – Retired tennis great Arthur Ashe announces to the world that he has AIDS, acquired from blood transfusions during one of his two heart surgeries.
1993 – The Republic of Macedonia joins the UN.
1994 – The body of Kurt Cobain is discovered in his Washington home. He was 27 years old.
2000 – A U.S. Marine Corps V–22 Osprey crashes during landing at Marana, Arizona killing 19.

From 2001

2002 – Ed McMahon files a US$20 million lawsuit against his insurance company and others regarding a toxic mold infecting McMahon's Beverly Hills, California home.
2004 – Darfur conflict: The Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement is signed by the Sudanese government and two rebel groups.
2005 – Funeral of Pope John Paul II.
2008 – Yo So-yeon becomes the first Korean woman in space.
2013 – Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher dies aged 87 of complications from a stroke. See Death and funeral of Margaret Thatcher.
2013 – The self–proclaimed Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant extremist group is created.
2018 – A suspected chemical attack in Douma, Syria, kills at least 50 people.
2018 – Hungary's general election results in Viktor Orbán winning a third term in office as Prime minister.
2024 – A total solar eclipse happened in North America including United States, Canada and Mexico.

Births

Up to 1900

563 BC – Gautama Buddha, religious leader (d. 483 BC)
1320 – King Peter I of Portugal (d. 1367)
1533 – Claudio Merulo, Italian composer (d. 1604)
1536 – Barbara of Hesse (d. 1597)
1541 – Michele Mercati, Italian physician (d. 1593)
1605 – King Philip IV of Spain (d. 1665)
1641 – Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English statesman (d. 1704)
1692 – Giuseppe Tartini, Italian composer (d. 1770)
1732 – David Rittenhouse, American astronomer, inventor and mathematician (d. 1796)
1761 – William Joseph Chaminade, French priest (d. 1850)
1783 – John Claudius Loudon, Scottish botanist and garden designer (d. 1843)
1793 – Karl Zell, German statesman and philologist (d. 1873)
1798 – Dionysios Solomos, Greek poet (d. 1857)
1815 – Andrew Graham, Irish astronomer (d. 1908)
1818 – King Christian IX of Denmark (d. 1906)
1818 – August Wilhelm von Hofmann, German chemist (d. 1892)
1826 – Pancha Carrasco, Costa Rican soldier (d. 1890)
1827 – Ramon Emeterio Betances, Puerto Rican politician, doctor and diplomat (d. 1898)
1842 – Elizabeth Bacon Custer, wife of George Armstrong Custer (d. 1933)
1859 – Edmund Husserl, Austrian–German philosopher (d. 1938)
1865 – Charles W. Woodworth, Entomologist (d. 1940)
1869 – Harvey Williams Cushing, American neurologist (d. 1939)
1871 – Clarence Hudson White, American photographer (d. 1925)
1872 – Ivan Bloch, physician (d. 1922)
1874 – Stanisław Taczak, Polish general (d. 1960)
1875 – King Albert I of Belgium (d. 1934)
1885 – Dimitrios Levidis, Greek composer (d. 1951)
1888 – Dennis Chavez, American politician (d. 1962)
1889 – Blanche Stuart Scott, American pilot (d. 1970)
1889 – Sir Adrian Boult, English conductor (d. 1983)
1892 – Mary Pickford, Canadian–born actress, studio founder (d. 1979)
1892 – Richard Neutra, Austrian architect (d. 1970)
1898 – Achille Van Acker, 33rd Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 1969)
1899 – John Christie, English serial killer (d. 1953)

1901 – 1950

1902 – Andrew Irvine, British mountaineer (d. 1924)
1904 – Ron Hicks, British economist (d. 1989)
1904 – Yves Congar, French cardinal (d. 1995)
1905 – Helen Joseph, South African anti–apartheid activist (d. 1992)
1908 – Hugo Fregonese, Argentine director and screenwriter (d. 1987)
1910 – George Musso, American football player (d. 2000)
1911 – Emil Cioran, Romanian philosopher and essayist (d. 1995)
1911 – Melvin Calvin, American chemist, 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 1997)
1912 – Sonja Henie, Norwegian Olympic and World Champion figure skater (d. 1969)
1912 – Julian Berrendero, Spanish cyclist (d. 1995)
1912 – Alois Brunner, Austrian Nazi (date of death unknown, possibly 2001, 2009 or 2010)
1913 – Sourou-Migan Apithy, President of Benin (d. 1989)
1914 – María Félix, Mexican actress (d. 2002)
1915 – Ivan Supek, Croatian physicist, philosopher and activist (d. 2007)
1917 – Hubertus Ernst, Dutch bishop (d. 2017)
1917 – Grigori Kuzmin, Russian–Estonian astronomer (d. 1988)
1918 – Betty Ford, First Lady of the United States (d. 2011)
1919 – Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (d. 2007)
1919 – Virginia O'Brien, American actress (d. 2001)
1920 – Carmen McRae, American singer, composer, pianist and actress (d. 1994)
1921 – Franco Corelli, Italian tenor (d. 2003)
1923 – Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (d. 1997)
1923 – George Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 2003)
1926 – Jürgen Moltmann, German theologian
1926 – Shecky Greene, American comedian
1926 – Henry N. Cobb, American architect
1926 – Jean-Jacques Pauvert, French publisher and writer (d. 2014)
1928 – Leah Rabin, wife of Israeli Premier Yitzhak Rabin (d. 2000)
1929 – Walter Berry, Austrian bass–baritone (d. 2000)
1929 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer and composer (d. 1978)
1929 – Renzo De Felice, Italian historian (d. 1996)
1930 – Carlos-Hugo of Bourbon-Parma, Spanish aristocrat (d. 2010)
1930 – Miller Williams, American poet (d. 2015)
1931 – John Gavin, American actor and diplomat (d. 2018)
1932 – Iskandar of Johor, 8th Yang di–Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia (d. 2010)
1932 – József Antall, Hungarian politician (d. 1993)
1933 – Fred Ebb, composer (d. 2004)
1934 – Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect (d. 2007)
1938 – Kofi Annan, Ghanaian diplomat, former United Nations Secretary–General (d. 2018)
1938 – John Hamm, Canadian physician and politician, 25th Premier of Nova Scotia
1939 – Edwin Frederick O'Brien, American cardinal
1939 – Manolis Angelopoulos, Greek singer (d. 1989)
1940 – John Havlicek, American basketball player (d. 2019)
1941 – Vivienne Westwood, English fashion designer
1942 – Douglas Trumbull, American director, producer and special effects artist
1943 – Miller Farr, American football player
1943 – Michael Bennett, American dancer, choreographer, theater director (d. 1987)
1943 – Tony Banks, British politician (d. 2006)
1943 – James Herbert, British writer (d. 2013)
1944 – Tariana Turia, New Zealand politician
1944 – Hywel Bennett, Welsh actor (d. 2017)
1946 – Catfish Hunter, American baseball pitcher (d. 1999)
1946 – Tim Thomerson, American actor
1947 – Tom DeLay, American politician
1947 – Steve Howe, English rock guitarist
1947 – Robert Kiyosaki, American writer
1947 – Pascal Lamy, French politician
1947 – Larry Norman, American musician (d. 2008)
1948 – Danuta Hübner, Polish politician
1949 – John Madden, director
1949 – Joe Royle, English footballer and manager
1950 – Grzegorz Lato, Polish footballer

1951 – 1975

1951 – Geir Haarde, former Prime Minister of Iceland
1951 – Joan Sebastian, Mexican singer and actor (d. 2015)
1954 – Gary Carter, American baseball catcher
1955 – Barbara Kingsolver, novelist
1955 – Gerrie Coetzee, South African boxer
1955 – Jim Fleeting, Scottish footballer
1955 – Kane Hodder, American stuntman and actor
1957 – Andrea Ypsilanti, German politician
1960 – John Schneider, actor
1960 – Gordon Chisholm, Scottish footballer and manager
1961 – Brian McDermott, English footballer and manager
1962 – Izzy Stradlin, American musician
1963 – Julian Lennon, English musician and singer
1963 – Alec Stewart, English cricketer
1964 – Dordi Nordby, Norwegian curler
1966 – Charlotte Dawson, New Zealand–Australian television personality (d. 2014)
1966 – Robin Wright, American actress
1966 – Mazinho, Brazilian footballer
1966 – Iveta Bartosova, Czech singer and actress (d. 2014)
1968 – Patricia Arquette, American actress
1968 – Susana Harp, Mexican musician
1970 – Care Santos, Catalan writer
1972 – Lisa Cameron, Scottish politician
1972 – Paul Gray, American musician (Slipknot) (d. 2010)
1972 – Sergei Magnitsky, Russian lawyer (d. 2009)
1973 – Khaled Badra, Tunisian footballer
1973 – Emma Caulfield, American actress
1974 – Holger Hott, Norwegian orienteering competitor
1974 – Nnedi Okorafor, Nigerian–American writer
1975 – Anouk, Dutch singer

From 1976

1977 – Mark Spencer, computer programmer
1980 – Manuel Ortega, Austrian singer
1980 – Katee Sackhoff, American actress
1981 – Nikolay Kruglov, Jr., Russian biathlete
1981 – Taylor Kitsch, Canadian actor and model
1981 – Kelly Schafer, Scottish curler
1982 – Gennady Golovkin, Kazakhstani boxer
1983 – Allu Arjun, Indian actor
1983 – Edson Braafheid, Dutch footballer
1984 – Taran Noah Smith, American actor
1986 – Erika Sawajiri, Japanese actress and model
1986 – Bridget Kelly, American singer and songwriter
1986 – Igor Akinfeev, Russian footballer
1987 – Royston Drenthe, Dutch footballer
1987 – Dario Vidosic, Australian footballer
1987 – Abdelhamid Abaaoud, Belgian–Moroccan terrorist (d. 2015)
1988 – Jenni Asserholt, Swedish ice hockey player
1989 – Hitomi Takahashi, Japanese actress and singer
1989 – Gabriella Wilde, English actress and model
1990 – Kim Jong-hyun, South Korean singer-songwriter, dancer and actor (d. 2017)
1990 – Karim Bellarabi, German footballer
1991 – Minami Takahashi, Japanese actress and singer
1993 – Trent Sullivan, Australian actor
1994 – Sonya Singha, Thai actress
1999 – Ty Panitz, American actor
2002 – Skai Jackson, American actress

Deaths

Up to 1900

217 – Caracalla, Roman Emperor (b. 188)
622 – Prince Shotoku of Japan (b. 574)
632 – Charibert, Frankish king (b. 607)
956 – Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
1143 – John II Komnenos, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire (b. 1087)
1364 – King John II of France (b. 1319)
1450 – Sejong the Great, King of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (b. 1397)
1461 – Georg Purbach, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1423)
1551 – Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (b. 1510)
1586 – Martin Chemnitz, Lutheran reformer and theologian (b. 1522)
1612 – Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (b. 1575)
1691 – Carlo Rainaldi, Italian architect (b. 1611)
1704 – Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English statesman (b. 1641)
1735 – Francis II Rakoczi, Hungarian aristocrat (b. 1676)
1835 – Wilhelm von Humboldt, Prussian statesman (b. 1757)
1848 – Gaetano Donizetti, Italian composer (b. 1797)
1861 – Elisha Otis, American inventor (b. 1811)
1870 – Charles Auguste de Bériot, Belgian violinist and composer (b. 1802)
1894 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian writer (b. 1838)

1901 – 2000

1906 – Auguste Deter, first–recorded victim of Alzheimer's disease (b. 1850)
1919 – Lorand Eotvos, Hungarian physicist (b. 1848)
1931 – Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish writer (b. 1864)
1936 – Robert Bárány, Austrian doctor, won the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1876)
1950 – Vaslav Nijinsky, Polish–Russian ballet dancer and choreographer (b. 1890)
1958 – Ethel Turner, Australian writer (b. 1872)
1962 – Juan Belmonte, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1892)
1973 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (b. 1881)
1974 – Ferruccio Novo, Italian football manager (b. 1899)
1978 – Ford Frick, American baseball commissioner (b. 1894)
1981 – Omar Bradley, American general (b. 1893)
1983 – Isamu Kosuga, Japanese actor and director (b. 1904)
1984 – Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist (b. 1894)
1986 – Yukiko Okada, Japanese actress, singer and model (b. 1967)
1990 – Ryan White, American activist (b. 1971)
1992 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss pharmacologist (b. 1907)
1993 – Marian Anderson, American contralto (b. 1897)
1994 – Kurt Cobain, American musician (Nirvana) (b. 1967)
1997 – Laura Nyro, American singer, pianist and composer (b. 1967)

From 2001

2002 – María Félix, Mexican actress (b. 1914)
2009 – Piotr Morawski, Polish mountaineer (b. 1976)
2010 – Malcolm McLaren, British music manager (b. 1946)
2010 – Abel Muzorewa, Zimbabwean politician (b. 1924)
2012 – Jack Tramiel, Polish–born American entrepreneur and computer pioneer (b. 1928)
2013 – Sara Montiel, Spanish actress and singer (b. 1928)
2013 – Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1925)
2013 – Annette Funicello, American actress and singer (b. 1942)
2014 – Karlheinz Deschner, German writer and activist (b. 1924)
2014 – Emmanuel III Delly, Iraqi Patriarch (b. 1927)
2014 – The Ultimate Warrior, American professional wrestler (b. 1959)
2015 – Jayakanthan, Indian Tamil writer (b. 1934)
2015 – Jean-Claude Turcotte, Canadian cardinal (b. 1936)
2016 – Mircea Albulescu, Romanian actor and writer (b. 1934)
2016 – Wei Chueh, Taiwanese Buddhist monk (b. 1928)
2016 – Dick Alban, American football player (b. 1929)
2017 – Fishman, Mexican professional wrestler (b. 1951)
2017 – Georgy Grechko, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1931)
2017 – Brian Matthew, English radio and television presenter (b. 1928)
2017 – Donald Sarason, American mathematician (b. 1933)
2018 – Leila Abashidze, Georgian actress, film director and screenwriter (b. 1929)
2018 – Michael Goolaerts, Belgian racing cyclist (b. 1994)
2018 – Juraj Herz, Slovakian film director, actor and screenwriter (b. 1934)
2018 – Chuck McCann, American actor (b. 1934)
2018 – John Miles, British racing driver (b. 1943)
2019 – Josine Ianco-Starrels, Romanian–American art curator (b. 1926)
2019 – Vasily Likhachyov, Russian politician (b. 1952)
2019 – Nadja Regin, Serbian actress (b. 1931)
2020 – Rick May, Canadian–American actor and voice actor (b. 1940)

Observances

Buddha's Birthday (Japan)
International Day of the Roma