November 8

November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 53 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1900

1278 – Tran Thanh Tang, second Emperor of Vietnam's Tran Dynasty, decides to pass the throne to crown prince Tran Kham.
1519 – Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great pomp as would befit a returning god.
1520 – Stockholm Bloodbath begins: A successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the execution of around 100 persons.
1576 – Eighty Years' War: The States General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose Spanish occupation.
1602 – The Bodleian Library in the University of Oxford is opened to the public.
1605 – Robert Catesby, ringleader of the Gunpowder Plotters, is killed.
1620 – The Battle of White Mountain, the first battle in the Thirty Years' War, takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
1644 – Shunzhi Emperor, the first Emperor of China's Qing Dynasty, is enthroned in Beijing.
1745 – Charles Edward Stuart invades England with an army of around 5,000 that would later take part in the Battle of Culloden.
1793 – In Paris, the French Revolutionary government opens the Louvre to the public as a museum.
1798 – British seafarer John Fearn becomes the first European to set foot on the island of Nauru, which he names Pleasant Island.
1861 – American Civil War: The Trent Affair – The USS San Jacinto stops the British mail ship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparkinga diplomatic crisis between the UK and the USA.
1864 – U.S. presidential election: Abraham Lincoln is reelected in an overwhelming victory over George McClellan.
1867 – Two explosions occur at the Ferndale Colliery in Wales, killing 178 people.
1889 – Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state.
1892 – U.S. presidential election: Grover Cleveland is elected over Benjamin Harrison and James B. Weaver to win the second of his non–consecutive terms.
1895 – While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers x-rays.

1901 – 2000

1923 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government.
1932 – U.S. presidential election: Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory.
1933 – As part of the New Deal program, Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for over 4 million unemployed.
1935 – Fernand Bouisson becomes Prime Minister of France.
1936 – Spanish Civil War: Start of the Siege of Madrid.
1939 – In Munich, Adolf Hitler escapes an assassination attempt while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.
1940 – Greco-Italian War: Italy's invasion of Greece fails as outnumbered Greek units push back the Italians in the Battle of Elaia-Kalamas.
1942 – World War II: Operation Torch – United States and United Kingdom forces land in French North Africa.
1942 – World War II: French resistance coup in Algiers, by which 400 Civil French patriots neutralized Vichyist XIXth Army Corps during 15 hours, arrested Vichyist generals (Juin, Darlan, etc.), and so allowed the immediate success of Operation Torch in Algiers, then, from there, to the whole French North Africa.
1950 – Korean War: United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first jet aircraft–to–jet aircraft dog fight in history.
1957 – The United Kingdom conducts its first successful hydrogen bomb test over Kiritimati in the South Pacific Ocean.
1959 – Basketball player Elgin Baylor of the Minneapolis Lakers sets a new NBA record, scoring 64 points, against the Boston Celtics.
1960 – U.S. presidential election: John F. Kennedy is elected over Richard M. Nixon in a very close election. He becomes the youngest man elected to that office.
1965 – The British Indian Ocean Territory is created. It includes Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands.
1965 – The soap opera Days of Our Lives debuts on NBC in the United States.
1966 – Former Massachusetts attorney general Edward Brooke becomes the first African American elected to the United States Senate.
1973 – The right ear of John Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay 2.9 million United States Dollars.
1974 – In Salt Lake City, Utah, Carol DaRonch narrowly escapes abduction by serial killer Ted Bundy.
1976 – A series of earthquakes spreads panic in Thessaloniki, Greece.
1977 – Manolis Andronikos, Greek archaeologist and professor, discovers the tomb of Philip of Macedon at Vergina, Greece.
1982 – Wethersfield, Connecticut, a meteorite crashed through the roof of Wanda and Bob Donahue's house at 461 Church Street.
1983 – Lubango, Angola – A Boeing 727 of Angola Airlines crashes and explodes shortly after take–off, killing all 130 people on board.
1987 – Eleven people are killed in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, when a bomb explodes.
1988 – U.S. presidential election: George H. W. Bush is elected over Michael Dukakis.
1991 – A typhoon causes massive flooding in the Philippines, killing 7,000 people.
1994 – For the first time in 40 years the United States Republican Party takes control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate in midterm congressional elections.
2000 – A re–count of electoral votes in Florida takes place, because of a dispute in the 2000 United States Presidential Election between George W. Bush and Al Gore.

From 2001

2002 – Iraq Disarmament Crisis: UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – The United Nations Security Council approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm, or face "serious questions".
2004 – War in Iraq: More than 10,000 U.S. troops and a small number of Iraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.
2005 – Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf is elected President of Liberia. This leads to her becoming Africa's first elected female President on January 16, 2006.
2006 – After the Republican Party made losses in the mid–term elections, Donald Rumsfeld, United States Secretary of Defense, submits his resignation to George W. Bush. Robert Gates succeeds him.
2011 – Asteroid 2005 YU55 passes within 35,000 kilometers of Earth.
2013 – Typhoon Haiyan strikes the Philippines with some of the strongest typhoon winds recorded. It is estimated to have killed over 6,000 people and caused over 1 billion US Dollars in damage.
2014 – Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev warns that the world is close to another Cold War, over tensions between the West and Russia and armed conflicts in the Middle East, in a speech marking 25 years since the fall of the Berlin Wall.
2016 – United States presidential election, 2016: Donald Trump is elected the 45th President of the United States over Hillary Clinton in the Electoral College, though Clinton had won more votes overall.
2017 – Priti Patel resigns from the British cabinet because of a controversy over undeclared meetings with Israeli government ministers.
2018 – Camp Fire: A massive fire kills 85 people in Butte County, California; it is one of the deadliest–ever forest fires in the United States, and destroys the town of Paradise.