Jewish Autonomous Oblast

Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Еврейская автономная область (Russian)
ייִדישע אװטאָנאָמע געגנט (Yiddish)
Jewish Autonomous Oblast; Еврейская автономная область (Russian); ייִדישע אװטאָנאָמע געגנט (Yiddish)
— Autonomous oblast —
; Flag	; Coat of arms
	Coordinates: 48°36′N 132°12′E / 48.600°N 132.200°E
Political status
Country	Russia
Federal district	Far Eastern
Economic region	Far Eastern
Established	7 May 1934
Administrative center	Birobidzhan
Government (as of July 2014)
• Governor	Rostislav Goldshteyn
• Legislature	Legislative Assembly
Statistics
	Area (as of the 2002 Census)
• Total	36,000 km2 (14,000 sq mi)
Area rank	61st
	Population (2010 Census)
• Total	176,558
• Rank	80th
• Density	4.9/km2 (13/sq mi)
• Urban	67.6%
• Rural	32.4%
	Population (2016 est.)
• Total	170,000
Time zone(s)	VLAT (UTC+11:00)
ISO 3166-2	RU-YEV
License plates	79
Official languages	Russian
	[www.eao.ru Official website]

The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO; Russian: Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть, Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast; Yiddish: ייִדישע אװטאָנאָמע געגנט, yidishe avtonome gegnt) is a federal subject of Russia. It is located in the Russian Far East, near Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China. The main city is Birobidzhan.

In the late 1940s, the Jewish population here was around 46,000–50,000, about 25% of the population. In 2010 there were only 1,628 Jews in the JAO (less than 1% of the population). It is one of only two official Jewish territories in the world, alongside Israel.

References

↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
↑ Charter of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Article 4
↑ Charter of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Article 22
↑ Official website of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. Alexander Borisovich Levintal Archived April 17, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Governor of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast (in Russian)
↑ Charter of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Article 15
↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
1 2 Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
↑ The density value was calculated by dividing the population reported by the 2010 Census by the area shown in the "Area" field. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the population.
↑ Masha Gessen (20 October 2016). "Birobidzhan: Russia's Jewish Autonomous Region is not so Jewish – public's humanity". Russian Writer News.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
↑ "'Sad And Absurd': The U.S.S.R.'s Disastrous Effort To Create A Jewish Homeland". NPR.org. Archived from the original on March 11, 2018. Retrieved 2026-03-08.

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[FederalDistrict-1] Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).

[EconomicRegion-2] Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).

[Established-3] Charter of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Article 4

[HeadTitle-4] Charter of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Article 22

[HeadName-5] Official website of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. Alexander Borisovich Levintal Archived April 17, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Governor of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast (in Russian)

[Legis-6] Charter of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Article 15

[Area-7] Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2011-11-01.

[2010Census-8] 1 2 Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.

[DensityNote-9] The density value was calculated by dividing the population reported by the 2010 Census by the area shown in the "Area" field. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the population.

[10] Masha Gessen (20 October 2016). "Birobidzhan: Russia's Jewish Autonomous Region is not so Jewish – public's humanity". Russian Writer News.^{[permanent dead link]}

[Russian-11] Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.

[12] "'Sad And Absurd': The U.S.S.R.'s Disastrous Effort To Create A Jewish Homeland". NPR.org. Archived from the original on March 11, 2018. Retrieved 2026-03-08.