Stranded Pakistanis

Stranded Pakistanis, also known as Biharis, describes the people mainly of the Biharis ethnic group currently residing in Bangladesh who immigrated to East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) with the hopes of joining Pakistan but after the East Pakistan seceded and became Bangladesh were unable to re-immigrate (due to the large distances) in 1971 and continue to claim Pakistani citizenship.

Background

Biharis in Bangladesh are mainly Bihari Muslims who originate from Bihar in eastern India, although the "Bihari" identification in Bangladesh can encompass other non-Bengali Urdu-speaking people such as those who settled in what is now Bangladesh in the late 19th century.

In 1971, when the Bangladesh Liberation War broke out between West Pakistan and East Pakistan, most Biharis sided with West Pakistan and opposed the Bengali demand of making Bengali an official language. East Pakistan later became the independent state of Bangladesh. During the war, there were many attacks on the Bihari community as they were seen as symbols of West Pakistani domination. These attacks included rape, murder, and looting.

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↑ Alexander, Claire; Chatterji, Joya; Jalais, Annu (2015-11-06). The Bengal Diaspora: Rethinking Muslim migration. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-33593-1.
↑ Chronology for Biharis in Bangladesh - Minorities at Risk, University of Maryland Archived 2 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Rangan, Kasturi (22 December 1971). "Bengalis Hunt Down Biharis, Who Aided Foe". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 February 2018.
↑ "The Untold Stories of the Independence War in Bangladesh". jacobinmag.com. Retrieved 2022-03-20.
↑ Khan, Engr Imtiaz Alam (2019-12-15). "HISTORY: THE FALL OF DHAKA FROM BIHARI EYES". Dawn. Retrieved 2022-03-20.

[1] Alexander, Claire; Chatterji, Joya; Jalais, Annu (2015-11-06). The Bengal Diaspora: Rethinking Muslim migration. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-33593-1.

[2] Chronology for Biharis in Bangladesh - Minorities at Risk, University of Maryland Archived 2 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine

[3] Rangan, Kasturi (22 December 1971). "Bengalis Hunt Down Biharis, Who Aided Foe". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 February 2018.

[4] "The Untold Stories of the Independence War in Bangladesh". jacobinmag.com. Retrieved 2022-03-20.

[5] Khan, Engr Imtiaz Alam (2019-12-15). "HISTORY: THE FALL OF DHAKA FROM BIHARI EYES". Dawn. Retrieved 2022-03-20.