1884 Events
January
January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London to promote gradualist social progress.January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan 's comic opera Princess Ida Savoy Theatre , London.January 7 – German microbiologist Robert Koch isolates Vibrio cholerae cholera bacillus , working in India.January 18 – William Price attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, in Wales. Later tried and acquitted on the grounds that cremation is not contrary to English law , he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the United Kingdom in modern times) on March 14 , setting a legal precedent.January – Arthur Conan Doyle 's anonymous story "J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement " appears in the Cornhill Magazine Mary Celeste 1872 , many of the fictional elements introduced by Doyle come to replace the real events in the popular imagination.July
July 1 – First International Forestry Exhibition opens in Edinburgh , Scotland.July 3 – The Dow Jones Transportation Average , consisting of eleven transportation-related companies (nine railroads and two non-rail companies, Western Union and Pacific Mail), is created in the United States. The index is the oldest stock index to remain in use.July 5 – Germany takes possession of Togoland .July 7 – Nagasaki Shipyard, predecessor of the Japanese aircraft and shipbuilding business Mitsubishi , is founded on the island of Kyushu .July 14 – German administration is established in Cameroon .July 23 – The first tennis tournaments, held in the grounds of Shrubland Hall, Leamington Spa , England, are recorded in today's Courier .October
October 6 : US Naval War College founded. Births
January
Auguste Piccard Rickard Sandler Pedro Pablo Ramírez Theodor Heuss January 1
January 2 – Ben-Zion Dinur , Russian-born Israeli educator, historian and politician (d. 1973 )January 12 – Texas Guinan , American vaudeville performer (d. 1933 )January 16 – Hanns Kräly , Oscar-winning German screenwriter (d. 1950 )January 20 – Charles W. Whittlesey , United States Army officer, commander of the Lost Battalion 1921 )January 21 – Roger Nash Baldwin , American social activist (d. 1981 )January 23 – Ralph DePalma , Italian-born American race car driver (d. 1956 )January 24 – Thomas Blamey , Australian field marshal (d. 1951 )January 26
January 28 – Auguste Piccard , Swiss physicist, balloonist, and inventor (d. 1962 )January 29 – Rickard Sandler , 20th prime minister of Sweden (d. 1964 )January 30
January 31 – Theodor Heuss , German politician, 1st president of West Germany (d. 1963 )February
February 1 – Bradbury Robinson , American football player, who threw the first forward pass in American football history (d. 1949 )February 8 – Burt Mustin , American actor (d. 1977 )February 12
February 13 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert , American athlete, inventor (d. 1961 )February 15 – Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer , Polish general and politician (d. 1954 )February 16 – Robert J. Flaherty , American filmmaker (d. 1951 )February 17 – María Beatriz del Rosario Arroyo , Filipino Roman Catholic nun and servant of God (d. 1957 )February 20 – Constantin Constantinescu-Claps , Romanian general (d. 1961 )February 22 – Lew Cody , American actor (d. 1934 )February 26 – John Cyril Porte , Irish-born British flying boat pioneer (d. 1919 )February 28 – Ants Piip , Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1942 )April
April 4 – Isoroku Yamamoto , Japanese admiral (d. 1943 )April 5 – Ion Inculeț , President of Moldova (d. 1940 )April 7 – Bronisław Malinowski , Polish anthropologist (d. 1942 )April 12 – Otto Fritz Meyerhof , German-born physician, biochemist, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1951 )April 17 – Fay Tincher , American comic actress (d. 1983 )April 20 – Oliver Kirk , American Olympic boxer (d. 1960 )April 22 – Tenby Davies , Welsh half-mile world champion runner (d. 1932 )April 24 – Otto Froitzheim , German tennis player (d. 1962 )May
Harry S. Truman May 2 – John Boland , American politician (d. 1958 )May 5 – Jean Decoux , French admiral, Governor-General of French Indochina (1940–1945) (d. 1963 )May 8 – Harry S. Truman , 33rd president of the United States (d. 1972 )May 10 – Olga Petrova , English-born American actress (d. 1977 )May 14 – Claude Dornier , German aircraft designer (d. 1969 )May 20 – Leon Schlesinger , American producer, filmmaker (d. 1949 )May 22 – Cordelia Camp , American educator (d. 1973 )May 23 – Corrado Gini , Italian statistician, demographer and sociologist (d. 1965 )May 27 – Max Brod , Austrian author (d. 1968 )May 28 – Edvard Beneš , Czechoslovak politician, prime minister and president of Czechoslovakia (d. 1948 )May 30 – Robert Alfred Theobald , American admiral (d. 1957 )July
Amedeo Modigliani July 4 – Louis B. Mayer , American film producer, studio mogul (d. 1957 )July 11 – Howard Estabrook , American actor, film director and producer, and screenwriter (d. 1978 )July 12 – Amedeo Modigliani , Italian painter, sculptor (d. 1920 )July 15 – Phraya Manopakorn Nititada , Thailand's first prime minister (d. 1948 )July 17 – Prince George Bagration , Georgian nobleman (d. 1957 )July 18 – Alberto di Jorio , Italian cardinal, secretary of the 1958 conclave (d. 1979 )July 19 – Maurice Nicoll , British psychiatrist (d. 1953 )July 20 – Félix Julien , french footballer (d. 1936 )July 23 – Emil Jannings , Swiss-born German actor (d. 1950 )July 25 – Rafael Arévalo Martínez , Guatemalan writer (d. 1975 )July 26 – Joseph Sweeney , American actor (d. 1963 )July 27 – Kathleen Howard , Canadian-born American opera singer, character actress (d. 1956 )August
Nathalie Demassieux Rómulo Gallegos John S. McCain Sr. Vincent Auriol August 2 – Rómulo Gallegos , 48th president of Venezuela (d. 1969 )August 7 – Billie Burke , American actress (d. 1970 )August 8 – Sara Teasdale , American poet (d. 1933 )August 9 – John S. McCain Sr. , American admiral (d. 1945 )August 10
August 15 – Mary Nash , American actress (d. 1976 )August 20 – Rudolf Bultmann , German Lutheran theologian (d. 1976 )August 23 – Will Cuppy , American humorist (d. 1949 )August 25 – Nathalie Demassieux , French chemist and academic (d. 1961)August 27 – Vincent Auriol , President of France (d. 1966 )August 28 – Peter Fraser , 24th prime minister of New Zealand (d. 1950 )August 30 – Theodor Svedberg , Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971 )December
Rajendra Prasad Petru Groza Hideki Tojo December 3
December 4 – R. C. Majumdar , Indian historian (d. 1980 )December 7 – Petru Groza , Romanian politician, 46th prime minister of Romania (d. 1958 )December 14 – Nicholas Charnetsky , Soviet Orthodox priest, bishop, martyr and blessed (d. 1959 )December 17 – Alison Uttley , English writer of children's books (d. 1976 )December 19 – Antonín Zápotocký , 6th president and 15th prime minister of Czechoslovakia (d. 1957 )December 25
December 29 – Ted Theodore , Australian politician, Premier of Queensland (d. 1950 )December 30
December 31 – Stanley Forman Reed , Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1980 )Deaths
– JuneGregor Mendel Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt Bedřich Smetana January 6 – Gregor Mendel , Czech geneticist (b. 1822 )January 25 – Johann Gottfried Piefke , German conductor, composer (b. 1815 )February 8 – Cetshwayo kaMpande , Zulu king (b. 1826 )February 13 – Wilhelm von Tümpling , Prussian general (b. 1809 )February 14
February 26 – Emmanuel Félix de Wimpffen , French general (b. 1811 )March 1 – Isaac Todhunter , English mathematician (b. 1820 )March 8 – Sydney Dacres , British admiral (b. 1804 )March 13 – Leland Stanford Jr. , son of Governor Leland Stanford of California , in whose memory Stanford University was founded (b. 1868 )March 19 – Elias Lönnrot , Finnish philologist, collector of traditional Finnish oral poetry (b. 1802 )March 21
March 23 – Henry C. Lord , American railroad executive (b. 1824 )March 28 – Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany , youngest son of Queen Victoria (b. 1853 )April 1 – Marie Litton , English stage actress (b. 1847 )April 4 – Marie Bashkirtseff , Russian artist (b. 1858 )April 6 – Emanuel Geibel , German poet, dramatist (b. 1815 )April 24 – Marie Taglioni , Swedish-Italian ballerina (b. 1804 )May 6 – Judah P. Benjamin , American politician, US senator from Louisiana, Cabinet officer of the Confederate States (b. 1811 )May 12 – Bedřich Smetana , Czech composer (b. 1824 )May 13 – Cyrus McCormick , American inventor (b. 1809 )May 29 – Sir Henry Bartle Frere , British colonial administrator (b. 1815 )June 19
June 21 – Alexander, Prince of Orange , heir apparent to the Dutch throne (b. 1851 )June 25 – Hans Rott , Austrian composer (b. 1858 )– DecemberAdolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe Leona Florentino July 1 – Allan Pinkerton , American detective (b. 1819 )July 10 – Paul Morphy , American chess player (b. 1837 )July 15
August 9 – Annestine Beyer , Danish reform pedagogue (b. 1795 )August 18 – Mary C. Ames , American writer (b. 1831 )September 2 – Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld , Prussian field marshal (b. 1796 )September 10 – George Bentham , English botanist (b. 1800 )October 4 – Leona Florentino , Filipina poet (b. 1849 )October 7 – Bernard Petitjean , French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (b. 1829 )October 16 – Bernice Pauahi Bishop , Hawaiian ali‘i (b. 1831 )October 18 – William VIII, Duke of Brunswick (b. 1806 )November 3 – Menyhért Lónyay , 5th prime minister of Hungary (b. 1822 )November 11 – Alfred Brehm , German zoologist (b. 1829 )November 16 – František Chvostek , Moravian physician (b. 1835 )November 25 – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe , German chemist (b. 1818 )December 1 – William Swainson , second, and last, Attorney-General of the Crown Colony of New Zealand (b. 1809 )December 3 – Jane C. Bonar , Scottish hymnwriter (b. 1821 )December 20 – Domenico Consolini , Italian Catholic Cardinal (b. 1806 )References
↑ Koch, R. (1884-03-20). "Sechster Bericht der deutschen wissenschaftlichen Commission zur Erforschung der Cholera ". Deutsche medizinische Wochenscrift 10 (12): 191–2. ↑ Hutton, Ronald (2009). Blood and Mistletoe: The History of the Druids in Britain . New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-14485-7 ↑ Jones, Thomas (February 17, 2005). "Arthur Conan Doyle and the Mary Celeste " . London Review of Books 27 (4): 22. Retrieved December 14, 2024 . ↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0 ↑ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 309– 310. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ↑ Calvert, Peter (1994). The International Politics of Latin America . Manchester University Press. p. 80. ↑ GeoForschungsZentrum. "An earthquake catalogue for central, northern and northwestern Europe based on Mw magnitudes / Annex. STR 03/02" (PDF) . p. 68. Retrieved December 16, 2011 . ↑ Musson, R. M. W. (February 1, 2003). "Fatalities in British earthquakes" (PDF) . Astronomy & Geophysics . 44 (1): 1.14 – 1.16 . doi :10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44114.x . ↑ "Patent #33/256". Bollettino delle Privative Industriali del Regno d'Italia . 2nd Series. 15 : 635– 655. 1884. ↑ "The Forestry Exhibition". The Morning Post 3. ↑ ja:三菱重工長崎造船所#沿革 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on June 28, 2020.↑ Stover, C. W.; Coffman, J. L., Seismicity of the United States, 1568–1989 ed.), United States Government Printing Office , pp. 314– 316 [ permanent dead link ] ↑ "A History of Renown - Staten Island Academy" . www.statenislandacademy.org . August 7, 2025. Retrieved July 20, 2025 .↑ Martinic Beros, Mateo (2003). "La minería aurífera en la región austral americana (1869-1950)" . Historia 36 . doi :10.4067/S0717-71942003003600009 (inactive February 1, 2026). Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021 .{{cite journal }}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of February 2026 (link )↑ Treptow, Kurt W. (1996). A History of Romania . Iasi: Center for Romania Studies. p. 590. ISBN 978-0-88033-345-0 ↑ "Porfirio Díaz" . Busca Biografias (in Spanish). Retrieved June 8, 2019 .↑ "John Boland, Local Pioneer, Dies At 74" . Rapid City Daily Journal 1 , 2 . Retrieved June 19, 2024 – via Newspapers.com .↑ Stephens, George Myers (1979). "Camp, Cordelia" . NCpedia . Retrieved May 19, 2024 . ↑ Jessup, John E. (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996 43. ISBN 978-0-313-28112-9
Further reading
1884 Annual Cyclopedia (1885)
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