Beaune

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Beaune Beane (Burgundian)
Subprefecture and commune
Hospices de Beaune
Coat of arms
Location of Beaune
Map credit Beaune Location within France Show map of France Map credit Beaune Location within Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Show map of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Coordinates: 47°01′30″N 4°50′23″E / 47.025°N 4.8397°E / 47.025; 4.8397
Country	France
Region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Côte-d'Or
Arrondissement	Beaune
Canton	Beaune
Intercommunality	CA Beaune Côte et Sud
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Alain Suguenot
Area 1	31.30 km2 (12.08 sq mi)
Elevation	219 m (719 ft)
Highest elevation	407 m (1,335 ft)
Lowest elevation	193 m (633 ft)
Population  (2023)	20,352
• Density	650.2/km2 (1,684/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	21054 /21200
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Beaune (French pronunciation: [bon] ^ⓘ; in Burgundian: Beane) is a town in eastern France and wine capital of Burgundy, in the Côte-d'Or department. It is between Lyon and Dijon. Beaune is a hub of Burgundy wine production and business.

The town is surrounded by the wine villages like Meursault and Puligny Montrachet, while the facilities and cellars of producers, large and small, are in the historic center of Beaune, as they have been since Roman times. It is an ancient town on a plain by the hills of the Côte d'Or, with features from pre-Roman and Roman eras through the medieval and Renaissance periods.

Beaune is a walled city, with much of the battlements, ramparts, and moat having survived in good condition. The central "old town" within the walls is extensive. Historically Beaune is intimately connected with the Dukes of Burgundy.

Attractions include the 15th-century Hospices de Beaune, in the town center. Other landmarks in Beaune include the old market (les Halles), the Beffroi (clock tower), and the collegiate church of Notre Dame. Beaune is the main center of the region's "Burgundian tile" polychrome Renaissance roofing style. Because of its historical importance in wine production and the system of terroir in the region, the town of Beaune was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2015 as part of the Climats, terroirs of Burgundy site.

Origin, geography and climate

The name "Beaune" derives from the Latinised Gaulish word "Belena", which was the name of a spring around which the settlement was established. That name in turn is derived from "Belen" or "Belenos", a god of fast-flowing water. A Roman fort was built there in the first century A.D. and it was already a wine-growing region in the 13th century.

The town is served by a small river, the "Bouzaise" (or "Bouzaize") of which the source is in a public park on the north-east edge of town.

Beaune has a semi-continental climate with an oceanic influence, with frequent rains in each season (though autumn has the most and summer the least) and frequent weather changes.

History

Founded in 1442 by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of the Duke of Burgundy, who was encouraged to do so by his wife, Guigone de Salins, the Hospices are a charity running hospitals and other services for the needy. Thanks to donations from benefactors, they own vineyards in Burgundy. The Hôtel de Ville is a former convent completed in around 1700.

At the end of the First World War, the American Expeditionary Forces University was established in Beaune under the leadership of Brigadier General Robert I. Rees, complete with its own chapter of Phi Beta Kappa. Faculty included Walter M. Chandler, a Progressive Party member and, later, a Republican Party member of the U.S. House of Representatives from the State of New York.

Beaune is one of the wine towns in the Côte de Beaune section of the Burgundy wine region. It is the home of Beaune wine. Although Beaune itself does not have a Grand cru named for it, it is the hub of the region's wine business, as many of Burgundy's major négociants are here. Beaune hosts an annual charity wine auction on behalf of the Hospices de Beaune. It is on the route des Grands Crus which is a road that runs through the vineyards, north from Beaune to Gevrey Chambertin and Nuits-Saint-Georges and south to Nolay, Saisy and Autun. The appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) Beaune was created in 1936.

Technically Beaune is a commune in eastern France, a sub-prefecture of department 21, the Côte-d'Or department, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region.

Population

Historical population
Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 10,114 —     1800 8,344 −2.71% 1806 9,298 +1.82% 1821 9,947 +0.45% 1831 9,908 −0.04% 1836 10,678 +1.51% 1841 10,585 −0.17% 1846 11,362 +1.43% 1851 10,969 −0.70% 1856 10,453 −0.96% 1861 10,715 +0.50% 1866 10,907 +0.36% 1872 11,176 +0.41% 1876 11,421 +0.54% 1881 12,038 +1.06% 1886 12,146 +0.18% 1891 12,470 +0.53% 1896 13,726 +1.94% 1901 13,887 +0.23%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1906 13,540 −0.50% 1911 13,409 −0.19% 1921 11,661 −1.39% 1926 11,990 +0.56% 1931 11,862 −0.21% 1936 12,161 +0.50% 1946 11,990 −0.14% 1954 13,175 +1.19% 1962 15,367 +1.94% 1968 16,874 +1.57% 1975 19,060 +1.76% 1982 20,207 +0.84% 1990 21,289 +0.65% 1999 21,923 +0.33% 2007 22,012 +0.05% 2012 21,806 −0.19% 2017 21,031 −0.72% 2023 20,352 −0.55%
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2023)

Notable people

• Louis Chevrolet (1878–1941), race car driver, co-founder of the Chevrolet Motor Car Company, co-founder of the Frontenac Motor Corporation with brothers Gaston and Arthur
• Arthur Chevrolet (1884–1946), race car driver and co-founder of the Frontenac Motor Corporation with brothers Louis and Gaston
• Gaston Chevrolet (1892–1920), 1920 Indianapolis 500 winner and 1920 AAA National Champion race car driver, co-founder of the Frontenac Motor Corporation with brothers Louis and Arthur
• Nicolas Grozelier (1692–1778), 18th-century French fabulist
• Lucien Jacob (1930–2019), politician
• Bruno Latour (1947–2022), anthropologist and an influential theorist in the field of science and technology studies
• Étienne-Jules Marey (1830–1904), scientist and chronophotographer, a pioneer of photography and cinema
• Gaspard Monge (1746–1818), mathematician and inventor of descriptive geometry
• Enzo Peugeot (born 2005), racing driver
• Félix Ziem (1821–1911), painter in the style of the Barbizon School
• Léna Grandveau (born 2003), French handball player

Twin towns

Beaune is twinned with:

Gallery

• 
  Beaune Altarpiece, Hôtel-Dieu, Beaune
• 
  Nicolas Rolin, founder of the Hôtel-Dieu, Beaune
• 
  "Salle des Pôvres", Hôtel-Dieu, Beaune
• 
  Hôtel-Dieu, Beaune
• 
  Beaune City Hall
• 
  Collégiale Notre-Dame de Beaune
• 
  Collégiale Notre-Dame de Beaune
• 
  Bâtiment de la caisse d'épargne

Climate

See also

• Communes of the Côte-d'Or department
• French wine
• List of works by Henri Chapu Sculptor of Beaune memorial 1870

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beaune.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Beaune.

• (in French) Official website
• (in English) Beaune Tourism office
• "Beaune" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. III (9th ed.). 1878. p. 474.