Berlandiera

Berlandiera
Berlandiera lyrata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Heliantheae
Subtribe: Engelmanniinae
Genus: Berlandiera
DC.
Type species
Berlandiera texana

Berlandiera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

The name honours explorer Jean-Louis Berlandier (1803–1851). The genus is distributed in the United States and Mexico. Species are known generally as greeneyes.

Description

These are perennial herbs and subshrubs, sometimes with annual stems growing from a woody base or taproot. They are a few centimeters tall to well over a meter. The herbage is usually hairy and may be rough or soft in texture. The alternately arranged leaves have variously shaped blades that may be lobed or divided. The flower heads are solitary or borne in wide arrays. There are usually about 8 ray florets, but there may be 2 to 13 per head. They are yellowish on the upper surface but the undersides may be green, red, or maroon, or have darker veins. There are many disc florets in shades of yellow, red, or maroon. The fruit is a hairy black cypsela that is shed from the plant with the remnants of disc florets and phyllaries still attached to it.

Species

Accepted species
ImageNameDistribution
Berlandiera basalaris B.L.TurnerMexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
Berlandiera betonicifolia (Hook.) SmallTexas Louisiana Oklahoma
Berlandiera burroana B.L.TurnerMexico (Coahuila)
Berlandiera humilis SmallFlorida
Berlandiera lyrata Benth. – chocolate flower, chocolate daisy, lyreleaf greeneyesArizona New Mexico Texas Utah Oklahoma Kansas Colorado, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes
Berlandiera macvaughii B.L.TurnerS. Central U.S.A
Berlandiera macrophylla (A.Gray) M.E.JonesArizona New Mexico Texas
Berlandiera monocephala (B. L. Turner) PinkavaArizona New Mexico Chihuahua, Sonora
Berlandiera pumila (Michx.) Nutt. – soft greeneyesTexas LA Oklahoma Arkansas Alabama Georgia Florida South Carolina North Carolina
Berlandiera subacaulis (Nutt.) Nutt – Florida greeneyesFlorida
Berlandiera texana DC. – Texas greeneyesNew Mexico Texas Oklahoma Kansas Missouri


References

  1. ↑ Genus: Berlandiera DC. Archived 2014-02-01 at the Wayback Machine USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Accessed 2012-07-15.
  2. ↑ Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. 1836. Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive, Enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarium, juxta methodi naturalis, normas digesta 5: 517
  3. 1 2 3 Berlandiera. Flora of North America, eFloras.org. Accessed 2012-07-15.
  4. 1 2 Berlandiera. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
  5. ↑ Bour, Roger. Where and when was Jean Louis Berlandier born? - Notes on Jean Louis Berlandier. I. Bibliotheca Herpetologica, Vol. 12: 18–40, 2016.
  6. ↑ Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist[link removed]
  7. ↑ "GRIN Species Records of Berlandiera". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2012-07-15.
  8. ↑ Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution maps