Clinanthus

Clinanthus
Temporal range: 24.18 –0 Ma Late Oligocene – Recent
Clinanthus variegatus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Clinanthus
Herb.
Type species
Clinanthus luteus Herb.
Species

See list.

Synonyms
  • Carpodetes Herb.
  • Coburgia Sweet
  • Crocopsis Pax
  • Neaera Salisb.

Clinanthus is a genus of bulbous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae. It is found in western South America, including Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, north Chile and north west Argentina.

Description

Clinanthus humilis

Vegetative characteristics

Clinanthus are perennial herbs with sessile, linear to lorate, up to 50–60 cm long leaves.

Generative characteristics

The inflorescences have 2–10 mostly pink or red flowers. The androecium consists of 6 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 3 carpels. The stigma is capitate. The trilocular, green or glaucous capsule fruit bears numerous brown to black, winged, flat seeds.

Taxonomy

It was published by William Herbert in 1821 with Clinanthus luteus Herb. as the type species.

Species

Species include:

Ecology

Habitat

Clinanthus occurs in seasonally dry shrubland or grassy vegetation at elevations above 2000 m above sea level.

Pollination

The flowers are possibly ornithophilous (i.e., bird pollinated).

References

  1. ↑ Meerow, A. W.; Gardner, E. M.; Nakamura, K. (2020). "Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics". Frontiers in Plant Science. 11 582422. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.582422. PMC 7674842. PMID 33250911.
  2. 1 2 "Clinanthus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  3. 1 2 "Clinanthus". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  4. 1 2 "Clinanthus Herb". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  5. ↑ "Clinanthus". The Plant List. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
  6. ↑ "Clinanthus Herb". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000. n.d. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Soto Vásquez, M. R.; Leiva Salinas, M. J. (2015). "Estudio exomorfológico y fitoquímico de los bulbos de dos especies endémicas del Perú de la familia Amaryllidaceae" [Exomorpholigical and phytochemical screening of the bulbs of two Peruvian endemic species of Amaryllidaceae family]. Arnaldoa (in Spanish). 22 (1). ISSN 1815-8242.
  8. ↑ Herbert, W. (1837). Amaryllidaceæ: preceded by an attempt to arrange the Monocotyledonous orders, and followed by a treatise on cross-bred vegetables, and supplement. ... With fortyeight plates. London, United Kingdom: James Ridgway and Sons, Piccadilly. pp. 192–193.
  9. ↑ Byng, J. W. (2014). The Flowering Plants Handbook: A practical guide to families and genera of the world. United Kingdom: Plant Gateway Ltd. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-9929993-1-5.
  10. 1 2 Rodríguez-Escobar, M. L., Tallini, L. R., Lisa-Molina, J., Berkov, S., Viladomat, F., Meerow, A., ... & Torras-Claveria, L. (2023). Chemical and Biological Aspects of Different Species of the Genus Clinanthus Herb.(Amaryllidaceae) from South America. Molecules, 28(14), 5408.
  11. 1 2 Meerow, A. W. (2010). "Convergence or reticulation? Mosaic evolution in the canalized American Amaryllidaceae". Diversity, phylogeny and evolution in the monocotyledons (PDF). Denmark: Aarhus University Press. pp. 145–168.
  12. ↑ Ruschel Tallini, L. (2018). Estudio de los alcaloides de las Amaryllidaceae como fuente de nuevas moléculas bioactivas.