Anzures | |
|---|---|
| Colonia Anzures | |
Houses on Calle Shakespeare | |
![]() Boundaries of Colonia Anzures | |
| Coordinates: 19°25′50″N 99°10′41″W / 19.4305°N 99.1780°W | |
| Country | |
| City | Mexico City |
| Borough | Miguel Hidalgo |
| Lots first sold | 1925 |
| Postal code | 11590 |
Colonia Anzures, usually just Anzures, is a colonia (neighborhood) in the Miguel Hidalgo borough of Mexico City, between Polanco and Colonia Cuauhtémoc, just north of Chapultepec. It was laid out in the 1920s on the old Rancho de Anzures by the Anzures Land Co., a subsidiary of the British firm S. Pearson & Son, and is a decade older than neighboring Polanco. It is mainly residential, with several embassies and the Hotel Camino Real by Ricardo Legorreta.
The colonia is roughly a triangle. Its boundaries are:
The southern end is by Paseo de la Reforma and the Chapultepec park.
Many streets are named for European writers, philosophers and scientists, e.g. Darwin, Descartes, Goethe, Milton, Tolstoi and Víctor Hugo.
In the colonial era the land was part of the Rancho de Anzures, one of several ranches next to Chapultepec. According to local legend, Hernán Cortés gave it to La Malinche after the fall of Tenochtitlan, but there is no proof of this; another story says it belonged to Isabel Moctezuma. The ranch had a chapel dedicated to Saint Veronica, which later gave its name to Verónica Anzures. At one time it belonged to Salvador Malo.
In 1895 the Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. of New York lent 750,000 gold pesos to the Mexican National Exposition & Land Co., secured on the ranch. In 1901 the London firm Wernher, Beit & Co. (of Julius Wernher and Alfred Beit) and the federal government, represented by Finance Minister José Yves Limantour, agreed to buy the property together. The property went to public auction in 1904 and the government, the only bidder, bought it for 473,615.65 pesos. In 1905 the government kept about 150 hectares for the Bosque de Chapultepec, and Wernher, Beit got 64.2 ha between the Calzada de Tacuba or Popotla (now Mariano Escobedo) and "la Verónica" (now Melchor Ocampo).
In 1912 the Central Mining & Investment Co. of London set up the Anzures Land Co. to buy the land from Wernher, Beit, paying with 50,000 one-pound shares, about 500,000 pesos. The company only started work after the worst years of the Mexican Revolution.
In October 1920 S. Pearson & Son bought the land, through its subsidiary Whitehall Securities, which bought the 57,500 paid-up shares of the Anzures Land Co. at par. Buying shares rather than land avoided a land-sale tax and the limits on foreign landowners in Article 27 of the 1917 Constitution. The main reason given was a hospital "to benefit the British community in Mexico", but a memo also speaks of speculation.
In 1922 the company leased the 29,950 m2 where the Hotel Camino Real now stands along Calzada Nueva de Chapultepec a Tacubaya, now Calzada General Mariano Escobedo, no. 700, for 99 years to the Cowdray Hospital Association. The Cowdray Sanatorium, nicknamed the "Hospital Inglés" (English Hospital), opened there on 11 November 1923, and was the colonia's first large building. In 1941 it merged with the American Hospital to form the American British Cowdray Hospital, now the ABC Medical Center.
The land that is now Anzures was in two municipalities, the City of Mexico and Tacuba, and so it was split into two sections, with the Río de los Morales, roughly today's Darwin street, as the line between them. The urbanization contract with the city council was signed in October 1924, after two years of talks. The first four lots were sold between February 1925 and January 1926, at an average of $34 per m2, well above prices in Chapultepec Heights or Condesa. The original lots, 700 m2 on average, turned out to be too big for most buyers.
In March 1926 President Plutarco Elías Calles bought four lots, 2,537 m2 at the corner of Mariano Escobedo and Tolstoi, a third of everything sold up to then, and built a large California-style house there. Aarón Sáenz, then head of the Federal District, bought a lot in early 1933.
After three fairly good years, sales then stalled for seven, and so in March 1933 the company adopted a new sales plan. Prices were cut again, buyers got 15% off if they built within a year, and many lots were split up. In 1933–34 the Dirección de Pensiones Civiles (forerunner of the ISSSTE) bought lots for government employees, in four blocks between Darwin, Descartes and Melchor Ocampo. The real take-off came only in 1933; between 1934 and 1940, 83% of the first section was sold, at an average of 25.25 pesos per m2 in 1937.
In 1941 the whole northern (Tacuba) section was sold for cash, without streets or services, to Fraccionadora y Constructora Anzures, of the Raúl Baillères group, which developed it as Colonia Nueva Anzures. The Anzures Land Co. kept its Mexico office until the last payment came in, in 1947, and was wound up in 1948. Nueva Anzures was renamed Verónica Anzures in the late 1920s but the old name persists in use in some addresses in Anzures proper.
Many of the early houses are still standing, some now used as offices. Most are in the California colonial style, with some Art Deco. In 1943 the painter Ricardo Martínez de Hoyos set up his studio here, next door to Federico Cantú. In 1949, architect Max Cetto built a house and studio for Rufino Tamayo at Leibnitz 248.
The Hotel Camino Real, at Mariano Escobedo 700, opened on 25 July 1968, in time for the 1968 Summer Olympics. It was designed by Ricardo Legorreta, advised by Luis Barragán. Although it is in Anzures, it is marketed as "Camino Real Polanco".
Line 7 of the Metrobús runs along Paseo de la Reforma, which Anzures just touches at its southern tip. The nearest Metro stations are Chapultepec on Line 1, south of Reforma, and Polanco on Line 7. Anzures has had Ecobici bike-share stations since the system's second phase.
entre febrero de 1925 y enero de 1926 se vendieron los primeros cuatro lotes a precio promedio de $ 34 por m2.[between February 1925 and January 1926 the first four lots were sold at an average price of $34 per m².]
Dante No.14, Col. Anzures. Delegación Miguel Hidalgo C.P. 11590, México[Dante No. 14, Colonia Anzures, Miguel Hidalgo borough, postal code 11590, Mexico]
The Anzures area consists of two colonias, Anzures and Verónica Anzures. These used to brush right up, on their east sides, with the Colonia Cuauhtémoc.
In fact, the Anzures neighborhoods are from a slightly later period developing in the 1920s, only to give way a decade later to the giant Polanco neighborhood to their west.
las primeras manzanas de la colonia podían resultar más atractivas para una zona residencial, no sólo por la cercanía del Paseo de la Reforma y Chapultepec[the first blocks of the colonia could be more attractive for a residential area, not only because of the nearness of Paseo de la Reforma and Chapultepec]
la colonia Anzures, cuya primera sección fue promovida entre 1920 y 1941 por una compañía británica. La Anzures Land Co. fue propiedad de la Whitehall Securities Corporation, empresa holding, a su vez perteneciente la S. Pearson & Son.[the colonia Anzures, whose first section was developed between 1920 and 1941 by a British company. The Anzures Land Co. was owned by the Whitehall Securities Corporation, a holding company, itself belonging to S. Pearson & Son.]
The area's most famous resident is easily the Torre Pemex, but both neighborhoods are strong residential communities.
Camino Real Hotel, Polanco Calz. Gral. Mariano Escobedo 700, Col. Anzures, Alc. Miguel Hidalgo, 11590 CDMX
la Anzures, delimitada por las avenidas Mariano Escobedo, Circuito Interior y Ejército Nacional[Anzures, bounded by the avenues Mariano Escobedo, Circuito Interior and Ejército Nacional]
un lote de 1, 000 m2 para escuela (ahora esquina de Milton con V. Hugo); un lote de 1,600 m2 para mercado (ahora esquina de M. Ocampo con Goethe)[a 1,000 m² lot for a school (now the corner of Milton and V. Hugo); a 1,600 m² lot for a market (now the corner of M. Ocampo and Goethe)]
las ventas a esta dependencia se limitaron a las cuatro manzanas ubicadas entre las calles de Darwin, Descartes y la calzada Melchor Ocampo[sales to this agency were limited to the four blocks between Darwin and Descartes streets and the Calzada Melchor Ocampo]
Through most of the colonial period, the area was part of the Anzures Ranch. This bordered the Forest of Chapultepec along with several others.
Algunas leyendas sostienen que el rancho se concedió originalmente a La Malinche, la intérprete y amante de Hernán Cortés, tras la caída de la antigua Tenochtitlan.[Some legends hold that the ranch was originally granted to La Malinche, the interpreter and lover of Hernán Cortés, after the fall of ancient Tenochtitlan.]
También existe la leyenda que dice que la zona fue concedida por Hernán Cortés a La Malinche después de la caída de Tenochtitlan, pero no existen pruebas de ello.[There is also the legend that the area was granted by Hernán Cortés to La Malinche after the fall of Tenochtitlan, but there is no proof of it.]
Se dice que antes de ser un rancho, los terrenos pertenecieron a Isabel de Moctezuma, hija del tlatoani azteca.[It is said that before it was a ranch, the land belonged to Isabel de Moctezuma, daughter of the Aztec tlatoani.]
The Anzures Ranch was long home to a chapel dedicated to Saint Veronica. This explains the names, then, of both neighborhoods.
Fundada en lo que era el Rancho Anzures, antigua propiedad de Salvador Malo[Founded on what was the Rancho Anzures, formerly the property of Salvador Malo]
la Famers Loan & Trust Co. otorgó un préstamo de 750 mil pesos oro americano a la Mexican National Exposition & Land Co.[the Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. granted a loan of 750,000 American gold pesos to the Mexican National Exposition & Land Co.]
en 1901, la compañía Werner, Beit & Co., con sede en Londres, y el Gobierno Federal Mexicano, representado por su ministro de hacienda, José Ives Limantour, suscribieron un convenio con el fin de adquirir conjuntamente la propiedad de Anzures[in 1901, the London-based company Werner, Beit & Co. and the Mexican Federal Government, represented by its finance minister José Ives Limantour, signed an agreement to jointly acquire the Anzures property]
el Supremo Gobierno se presentó como único postor y adquirió la propiedad por la suma de $ 473,615.65 pesos.[the Supreme Government appeared as the only bidder and acquired the property for the sum of $473,615.65 pesos.]
En 1905 se finiquitó el convenio entre la Werner Beit y el Gobierno Mexicano, quedando éste último con unas 150 hectáreas destinadas a terminar el proyecto de Limantour para ampliar y embellecer el Bosque de Chapultepec.[In 1905 the agreement between Werner Beit and the Mexican Government was settled, the latter keeping about 150 hectares to finish Limantour's project to enlarge and beautify the Bosque de Chapultepec.]
a la Werner Beit le correspondió una superficie de 64.2 hectáreas, ubicada entre las calzadas "de Tacuba" o "de Popotla" (actualmente Av. Mariano Escobedo) y "la Verónica" (Av. Melchor Ocampo).[Werner Beit received an area of 64.2 hectares, located between the "de Tacuba" or "de Popotla" causeways (now Av. Mariano Escobedo) and "la Verónica" (Av. Melchor Ocampo).]
En 1912, con el fin de adquirir estos terrenos de la Werner Beit, otra compañía inglesa, la Central Mining & Investment Co. constituyó en Londres la Anzures Land Co.[In 1912, in order to acquire this land from Werner Beit, another English company, the Central Mining & Investment Co., set up the Anzures Land Co. in London.]
sólo 50,000 fueron pagadas; es decir, el precio de venta de la propiedad fue de aproximadamente $500,000 pesos mexicanos.[only 50,000 were paid; that is, the sale price of the property was about 500,000 Mexican pesos.]
They'd actually purchased it in 1912 but had to wait out the darkest periods of the war.
Finalmente, en octubre de 1920, y con la bendición de Lord Cowdray, la Pearson compró los terrenos de la Anzures; en términos de un memorando sobre el caso, "para el hospital y para especular".[Finally, in October 1920, and with Lord Cowdray's blessing, Pearson bought the Anzures land; in the words of a memorandum on the matter, "for the hospital and to speculate".]
la Pearson, a través de su filial la Whitehall Securities Corp., adquirió a la par en libras las 57,500 acciones pagadas de la Anzures Land Co.[Pearson, through its subsidiary Whitehall Securities Corp., acquired at par in pounds the 57,500 paid-up shares of the Anzures Land Co.]
la transacción no tomó la forma de compra-venta de terreno -que habría requerido el pago del impuesto correspondiente y, por demás, habría violado el artículo 27 constitucional- sino de traspaso de acciones de una compañía a otra, ambas británicas.[the transaction did not take the form of a land sale, which would have required payment of the corresponding tax and would also have violated Article 27 of the Constitution, but of a transfer of shares from one company to another, both British.]
el establecimiento de un hospital "para beneficiar a la colonia británica residente en México... sin dejar de prestar atención médica a personas de otras nacionalidades"[the establishment of a hospital "to benefit the British community resident in Mexico... while still giving medical care to people of other nationalities"]
en 1922, los 29,950 metros cuadrados correspondientes al sitio hoy ocupado por el Hotel Camino Real se alquilaron leasehold a la Cowdray Hospital Asociation, bajo un contrato de 99 años con opción a compra[in 1922, the 29,950 square meters of the site now occupied by the Hotel Camino Real were leased to the Cowdray Hospital Association, under a 99-year contract with an option to buy]
Sanatorio Cowdray (conocido popularmente como el «Hospital Inglés») con 56 camas, el cual fue inaugurado el 11 de noviembre de 1923[Cowdray Sanatorium (popularly known as the "English Hospital") with 56 beds, which was opened on 11 November 1923]
Su primer construcción importante sería el Sanatorio Cordway, inaugurado en 1923 y que cambió su nombre a Hospital ABC en 1941.[Its first important building would be the Cowdray Sanatorium, opened in 1923, which changed its name to Hospital ABC in 1941.]
The American Hospital and Cowdray Sanatorium join forces to create the American British Cowdray Hospital, I.A.P.
el sanatorio original se levantaba en el lugar que hoy ocupa el famoso hotel Camino Real[the original sanatorium stood on the site now occupied by the famous Camino Real hotel]
el terreno de la Anzures se ubicaba en dos entidades municipales: la Ciudad de México y Tacuba.[the Anzures land was in two municipal entities: the City of Mexico and Tacuba.]
La línea divisoria entre ambas secciones la constituía el Río de los Morales (aproximadamente por donde se sitúa la actual calle de Darwin).[The dividing line between the two sections was the Río de los Morales (approximately where today's Darwin street lies).]
El contrato entre la Anzures y el Ayuntamiento de la Ciudad de México se firmó, después de dos años de negociaciones, en octubre de 1924.[The contract between the Anzures and the City Council of Mexico City was signed, after two years of negotiations, in October 1924.]
los precios vigentes en las colonias 'Chapultepec Heights', Bosque de Chapultepec y Condesa eran considerablemente menores que los de la Anzures[the prices in the colonias 'Chapultepec Heights', Bosque de Chapultepec and Condesa were considerably lower than those of the Anzures]
el tamaño de los lotes originales, 700 m2., en promedio, resultó demasiado grande para atraer al número deseado de compradores.[the size of the original lots, 700 m² on average, turned out to be too large to attract the desired number of buyers.]
En marzo de 1926, el Presidente Calles adquirió cuatro lotes con un total de 2,537 m2., situados en la esquina de lo que ahora es la Avenida Mariano Escobedo con la calle Tolstoi. Esta superficie representaba el 33% de todos los lotes vendidos hasta esa fecha.[In March 1926, President Calles bought four lots totalling 2,537 m², at the corner of what is now Avenida Mariano Escobedo and Tolstoi street. This area was 33% of all lots sold up to that date.]
la suntuosa residencia de estilo californiano construida por el mandatario[the sumptuous California-style residence built by the president]
A principios de 1933, poco antes del despegue definitivo de la Colonia Anzures, otro notable adquiriente de un lote fue Aarón Saenz.[In early 1933, shortly before the definitive take-off of the Colonia Anzures, another notable buyer of a lot was Aarón Sáenz.]
Después de tres años de un éxito relativo en las ventas, éstas se vieron prácticamente estancadas durante los siete años siguientes.[After three years of relative success in sales, these practically stalled for the following seven years.]
Todo aquello cristalizó en un nuevo plan para el desarrollo de la colonia, aprobado en marzo de 1933[All of this crystallized in a new plan for the development of the colonia, approved in March 1933]
se ofrecía un descuento del 15% de dicho precio, si el comprador construia dentro del plazo de un año.[a discount of 15% of that price was offered if the buyer built within one year.]
Así, muchos lotes se subdividieron según las necesidades y posibilidades económicas de cada cliente.[Thus, many lots were subdivided according to the needs and means of each client.]
la venta de algunos lotes a la Dirección de Pensiones Civiles para empleados públicos[the sale of some lots to the Dirección de Pensiones Civiles for public employees]
el despegue definitivo de la colonia no empezó sino hasta 1933; entre 1934 y 1940, se vendió el 83% de la superficie de los lotes urbanizados.[the definitive take-off of the colonia did not begin until 1933; between 1934 and 1940, 83% of the area of the urbanized lots was sold.]
En 1937, el precio de venta realizada en la primera fue de $ 25.25 por metro cuadrado, en promedio[In 1937, the average sale price in the first [section] was $25.25 per square meter]
en 1941 se vendió al contado, sin urbanizarse, la totalidad de la segunda sección llamada "de Tacuba".[in 1941 the whole second section, called "de Tacuba", was sold for cash, without being urbanized.]
La compradora y promotora de lo que sería la Colonia Nueva Anzures fue la "Fraccionadora y Constructora Anzures S.A.", empresa perteneciente al poderoso grupo financiero encabezado por el Sr. Raúl Bailleres.[The buyer and developer of what would become the Colonia Nueva Anzures was "Fraccionadora y Constructora Anzures S.A.", a company of the powerful financial group headed by Mr. Raúl Bailleres.]
la Anzures Land Co. mantuvo su oficina en México hasta cobrar el último pago pendiente, en 1947. Finalmente, la compañía se liquidó en 1948[the Anzures Land Co. kept its office in Mexico until it collected the last outstanding payment, in 1947. Finally, the company was liquidated in 1948]
Over the years, Anzures developed northward into "Nuevo Anzures." In the late 1920s, that area was renamed Verónica Anzures for the old ranch chapel, then still remembered in the area.
Cuvier 22 Col. Nueva Anzures Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo C.P. 11590 Ciudad de México, México[Cuvier 22, Colonia Nueva Anzures, Miguel Hidalgo borough, postal code 11590, Mexico City, Mexico]
Hoy se conservan muchas casas de los primeros tiempos de la Anzures.[Many houses from the early days of Anzures survive today.]
Algunas de las casas tradicionales de la zona ahora funcionan como oficinas.[Some of the traditional houses in the area now serve as offices.]
Today both neighborhoods are replete with Californian colonial and some original art deco style homes.
Instala su estudio en la colonia Anzures, donde fue vecino del pintor Federico Cantú[He sets up his studio in the colonia Anzures, where he was a neighbor of the painter Federico Cantú]
1949 Tamayo Studio House, Leibnitz 248, Anzures, Mexico City
Inaugurated on July 25, 1968, on the eve of the 1968 Summer Olympics, the hotel spans 33,000 square meters across six levels.
no sólo es un ejemplo de la influencia de Luis Barragán, quien asesoró al entonces joven arquitecto Ricardo Legorreta Vilchis, autor del trazo y construcción[is not only an example of the influence of Luis Barragán, who advised the then young architect Ricardo Legorreta Vilchis, author of the design and construction]
La Línea 7 cubrirá la ruta Indios Verdes- Campo Marte sobre avenida Paseo de la Reforma y Calzada de los Misterios[Line 7 will cover the Indios Verdes–Campo Marte route along Paseo de la Reforma and Calzada de los Misterios]
Transporte Metro Chapultepec.[Transport: Metro Chapultepec.]
La manera más sencilla de llegar a la cafetería "Como dice el dicho" es la estación del servicio colectivo Metro Polanco de la línea 7.[The easiest way to get to the "Como dice el dicho" café is the Polanco station of Metro Line 7.]
Implementation of Phase 2 included 78 new stations and 1,180 new bikes that stretch over four districts in two municipalities, Cuauhtémoc and Miguel Hidalgo: Anzures, Polanco, Granada, Ampliación Granada, Bosque de Chapultepec, Juárez, Roma Norte
En Miguel Hidalgo se rehabilitaron 113 cicloestaciones en las colonias Ampliación Granada, Anáhuac I Sección, Anzures[In Miguel Hidalgo, 113 bike stations were rehabilitated in the colonias Ampliación Granada, Anáhuac I Sección, Anzures]
También sorprende su colección de arte, con piezas de Tamayo, Calder y otros grandes artistas.[Its art collection is also surprising, with pieces by Tamayo, Calder and other great artists.]
Cristo Rey y Santa Mónica Church, Anzures Leibnitz 50, Col. Anzures, Alc. Miguel Hidalgo, 11590 CDMX
La iglesia de Cristo Rey y Santa Mónica, en la colonia Anzures, es la única obra religiosa en la que trabajó el arquitecto Mario Pani.[The church of Cristo Rey y Santa Mónica, in the colonia Anzures, is the only religious work architect Mario Pani worked on.]
In 2005, Anuar Maauad found an architectural drawing of Rufino Tamayo´s house and studio located in the Anzures neighborhood.
Gral. Mariano Escobedo No. 476 Col. Anzures, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, CDMX CP 11590[Gral. Mariano Escobedo No. 476, Colonia Anzures, Miguel Hidalgo borough, Mexico City, postal code 11590]
Este edificio estará ubicado en avenida Melchor Ocampo y avenida Reforma, en la colonia Anzures y medirá más de 304 metros de altura.[This building will be located on Avenida Melchor Ocampo and Avenida Reforma, in the colonia Anzures, and will be more than 304 meters tall.]
Embassy of Bolivia Calle Goethe No. 104, Col. Anzures, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11590, Ciudad de México.
Hasta anoche, en la Embajada de Corea del Norte y residencia del Embajador, ubicada en la Colonia Anzures, no se registraba ningún movimiento.[As of last night, there was no activity at the Embassy of North Korea and the Ambassador's residence, located in Colonia Anzures.]
Embassy of the Philippines Av. Thiers 111, Col. Anzures, Alc. Miguel Hidalgo, 11590 CDMX
Leibnitz 77, 1er piso Col. Anzures, Miguel Hidalgo 11590, CDMX[Leibnitz 77, 1st floor, Colonia Anzures, Miguel Hidalgo, 11590, Mexico City]
la cafetería de "Como dice el dicho" está ubicada la calle Gutenberg número 77 de la colonia Anzures, perteneciente a la alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo de CDMX[the "Como dice el dicho" café is located at Gutenberg street number 77 in the colonia Anzures, in the Miguel Hidalgo borough of Mexico City]
En la esquina de Shakespeare con Victor Hugo, en Ciudad de México, se encuentra la casa de huéspedes de Rosa Carbajal, un refugio de la abuela de la cineasta[At the corner of Shakespeare and Victor Hugo, in Mexico City, is the guest house of Rosa Carbajal, a refuge of the filmmaker's grandmother]