Colwelliaceae is a family containing Gram-negative bacteria with rod-shaped to curved rod-shaped cells that play a role in the decomposition of organic matter. Several members of the family are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they are also they can grow with the presence of oxygen and without the presence of oxygen. As well as certain Colwelliaceae such as Colwellia psychrerythraea are psychrophilic bacteria meaning they can thrive in cold environments with them thriving at around the temperature of −6 to 18°C (21 to 64°F). They are usually found in cold marine environments such as sea ice, the pelagic zone particulates, and superficial marine sediments.[citation needed]
↑Ivanova, Elena P.; Flavier, Sébastien; Christen, Richard (1 September 2004). "Phylogenetic relationships among marine Alteromonas-like proteobacteria: emended description of the family Alteromonadaceae and proposal of Pseudoalteromonadaceae fam. nov., Colwelliaceae fam. nov., Shewanellaceae fam. nov., Moritellaceae fam. nov., Ferrimonadaceae fam. nov., Idiomarinaceae fam. nov. and Psychromonadaceae fam. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (5): 1773–1788. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02997-0. PMID15388743.
↑Ivanova, Elena P.; Flavier, Sébastien; Christen, Richard (September 2004). "Phylogenetic relationships among marine Alteromonas-like proteobacteria: emended description of the family Alteromonadaceae and proposal of Pseudoalteromonadaceae fam. nov., Colwelliaceae fam. nov., Shewanellaceae fam. nov., Moritellaceae fam. nov., Ferrimonadaceae fam. nov., Idiomarinaceae fam. nov. and Psychromonadaceae fam. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (5): 1773–1788. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02997-0. PMID15388743.