Gryllus History
Until the mid-1950s, native field crickets in eastern North America were all assigned to a single species, Acheta assimilis . Although regional variation in calling song and life history were noted, no morphological characters could be found to reliably distinguish these variants. Building upon the pioneering work of Fulton, Alexander used male calling song, life history and crosses between putative species to revise the taxonomy of gryllines in the eastern United States, and recognized five species, although at the time they were still classified in the genus Acheta .
Description
Species in this genus often look similar to species from other genera. They can often only be distinguished by the male genitalia. The epithallus typically consists of three lobes, the middle one being longer and more slender than the rest, in American and European species. African species, however, show more variability, making it more difficult to assign species to a genus with the same degree of certainty as there is more overlap with closely related genera.
This female field cricket was seen in Ohio in September. Species
The genus contains the following species:
Gryllus abditus Otte & Peck, 1997 – Galápagos field cricketGryllus abingdoni Otte & Peck, 1997 Gryllus abnormis Chopard, 1970 Gryllus alexanderi Otte & Cowper, 2007 – Clarion cricketGryllus amarensis (Chopard, 1921) Gryllus ambulator Saussure, 1877 Gryllus argenteus (Chopard, 1954) Gryllus argentinus Saussure, 1874 Gryllus arijua Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009 Gryllus armatus Scudder, 1902 Gryllus assimilis (Fabricius, 1775) – Jamaican field cricketGryllus barretti Rehn, 1901 Gryllus bellicosus Otte & Cade, 1984 Gryllus bermudensis Caudell, 1903 – Bermuda Beach cricketGryllus bicolor Saussure, 1874 Gryllus bicornis Linnaeus, 1758 Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, 1773 – Two-spotted cricketGryllus braueri (Karny, 1910) Gryllus brevecaudatus (Chopard, 1961) Gryllus brevicaudus Weissman, Rentz, Alexander & Loher, 1980 – Short-tailed field cricketGryllus brevicornis Linnaeus, 1763 Gryllus bryanti Morse, 1905 Gryllus campestris Linnaeus, 1758 – European field cricketGryllus capitatus Saussure, 1874 Gryllus carvalhoi (Chopard, 1961) Gryllus cayensis Walker, 2001 – Keys wood cricketGryllus chaldeus (Uvarov, 1922) Gryllus chappuisi (Chopard, 1938) Gryllus chichimecus Saussure, 1897 Gryllus chisosensis Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Chisos mountain cricketGryllus cohni Weissman, Rentz, Alexander & Loher, 1980 – Irregular-trilling field cricketGryllus comptus Walker, 1869 Gryllus conradti (Bolivar, 1910) Gryllus contingens Walker, 1869 Gryllus darwini Otte & Peck, 1997 Gryllus debilis Walker, 1871 Gryllus firmus Scudder, 1902 – Sand field cricketGryllus flavescens Houttuyn Gryllus fuchsi Handlirsch, 1907 Gryllus fultoni (Alexander, 1957) – Southern wood cricketGryllus fulvipennis Blanchard, 1854 – Chilean field cricketGryllus galapageius Scudder, 1893 Gryllus genovesa Otte & Peck, 1997 Gryllus gonglyodes Linnaeus, 1758 Gryllus insularis Scudder, 1876 – Guadalupe Island field cricketGryllus integer Scudder, 1901 – Western trilling cricketGryllus isabela Otte & Peck, 1997 Gryllus jallae Giglio-Tos, 1907 Gryllus jamaicensis Walker, 2009 Gryllus javanus Linnaeus, 1763 Gryllus kapushi Otte, 1987 Gryllus krugeri Otte, Toms & Cade, 1988 Gryllus leei Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Utah lava cricketGryllus lightfooti Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Arboreal desert field cricketGryllus lineaticeps Stål, 1861 – Variable field cricketGryllus lineiceps Zeuner, 1939 Gryllus locorojo Weissman & Gray, 2012 – Crazy red field cricketGryllus longicercus Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Long-cercus field cricketGryllus luctuosus (Bolivar, 1910) Gryllus lunus Linnaeus, 1763 Gryllus madagascarensis Walker, 1869 Gryllus makhosica Weissman & Gray, 2019 Gryllus mandevillus Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009 Gryllus marchena Otte & Peck, 1997 Gryllus maunus Otte, Toms & Cade, 1988 Gryllus maximus (Uvarov, 1952) Gryllus meruensis Sjöstedt, 1909 Gryllus miopteryx Saussure, 1877 Gryllus montis Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Mountain wood cricketGryllus morbillosus Linnaeus, 1758 Gryllus multipulsator Weissman, 2009 – Long-chirp field cricketGryllus mundus Walker, 1869 Gryllus mzimba Otte, 1987 Gryllus namibius Otte & Cade, 1984 Gryllus navajo Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Painted desert field cricketGryllus nigrohirsutus Alexander, 1991 Gryllus nyasa Otte & Cade, 1984 Gryllus obtusus Houttuyn Gryllus opacus Chopard, 1927 Gryllus ovisopis Walker, 1974 – Taciturn wood cricketGryllus parilis Walker, 1869 Gryllus pennsylvanicus Burmeister, 1838 – Fall field cricketGryllus personatus Uhler, 1864 – Badlands cricketGryllus perspicillatus Linnaeus, 1763 Gryllus peruviensis Saussure, 1874 Gryllus pinta Otte & Peck, 1997 Gryllus planeta Weissman & Gray, 2019 – McDonald Observatory wood cricketGryllus proboscideus Panzer, 1794 Gryllus providiensis Cadena-Castañeda, 2021 Gryllus quadrimaculatus Saussure, 1877 Gryllus regularis Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Southwest regular-trilling cricketGryllus rhinoceros Gorochov, 2001 Gryllus rixator Otte & Cade, 1984 Gryllus rubens Scudder, 1902 – Eastern trilling cricketGryllus saxatilis Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Western rock-loving field cricketGryllus scudderianus Saussure, 1874 – Scudder's field cricketGryllus signatus Walker, 1869 Gryllus sotol Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Organ Mountains field cricketGryllus spec Linnaeus, 1758 Gryllus spumans Thunberg, 1787 Gryllus staccato Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Stutter-trilling cricketGryllus subpubescens (Chopard, 1934) Gryllus succinctus Linnaeus, 1763 Gryllus tereti Schaum, 1862 Gryllus texensis Cade & Otte, 2000 – Texas trilling cricketGryllus thinos Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Texas beach field cricketGryllus transpecos Weissman & Gray, 2019 – Trans-Pecos field cricketGryllus tricolor Linnaeus, 1758 Gryllus unicolor Linnaeus, 1758 Gryllus unicornis Linnaeus, 1763 Gryllus urfaensis Gumussuyu, 1978 Gryllus veintinueve Weissman & Gray, 2019 Gryllus veletis (Alexander & Bigelow, 1960) – Spring field cricketGryllus veletisoides Weissman & Gray, 2019 – West coast spring field cricketGryllus vernalis Blatchley, 1920 – Northern wood cricketGryllus vicarius Walker, 1869 Gryllus vocalis Scudder, 1901 – Vocal field cricketGryllus vociferans Cockerell, 1925 Gryllus vulcanus Weissman & Gray, 2019 – New Mexico lava field cricketGryllus zaisi Otte, Toms & Cade, 1988 Gryllus zambezi (Saussure, 1877)
References
↑ "Gryllus " . Integrated Taxonomic Information System .↑ "Field crickets — Gryllus spp" . Featured Creatures . University of Florida . Retrieved 2009-02-10 .↑ Rehn, J.A.G., and Hebard, M. (1915). The genus Gryllus (Orthoptera) as found in America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 67:292-322. 1 2 Fulton, B. B. 1952. Speciation in the field cricket. Evolution 6, 283-295. 1 2 Alexander, R.D. (1957). The taxonomy of the field crickets of the eastern United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Acheta). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 50:584-602. 1 2 Otte, Daniel; Cade, William (1984). "African Crickets (Gryllidae). 6. The Genus Gryllus and Some Related Genera (Gryllinae, Gryllini)" . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . 136 : 98– 122. ISSN 0097-3157 . JSTOR 4064821 . ↑ "Gryllus " . Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved 16 March 2023 .↑ Species common names , BugGuide↑ Long-chirp field cricket , Singing Insects of North America (SINA)
External links
Data related to Gryllus at Wikispecies Media related to Gryllus at Wikimedia Commons
