Heimdallarchaeum

Heimdallarchaeum
Scientific classification
(Candidatus)
Domain:
Archaea
Kingdom:
Promethearchaeati
Phylum:
Promethearchaeota
Class:
"Heimdallarchaeia"
Order:
"Heimdallarchaeales"
Family:
"Heimdallarchaeaceae"
Genus:
Heimdallarchaeum

Wu et al. 2022
Type species
"Candidatus Heimdallarchaeum"
Wu et al. 2022
Species
  • "Ca. H. aukensis"
  • "Ca. H. endolithica"

"Candidatus Heimdallarchaeum" is a genus of archaea that in turn forms a distinct group within the Promethearchaeati kingdom. Named after the mythical Norse god, Heimdall, one of the sons of Odin, it is considered the closest relative of eukaryotes. The first specimens were discovered by a team of microbiologists at the Uppsala University, Sweden from the marine sediments at Loki's Castle (hydrothermal vents in the mid-Atlantic Ocean) and Bay of Aarhus (a waterway in Denmark), and some other species from Auka hydrothermal vent field in the Pacific Ocean. Its class, "Candidatus Heimdallarchaeia" is the group of archaea that eukaryotes emerged. A later study reports that their newly developed data shows that the promethearchaeon ancestors of eukaryotes are rooted in a group older than the "Candidatus Heimdallarchaeia. The genus and its family, order and class are not recognized by LPSN as "pro-correct".

See also

References

  1. ↑ Spang, Anja; Stairs, Courtney W.; Dombrowski, Nina; Eme, Laura; Lombard, Jonathan; Caceres, Eva F.; Greening, Chris; Baker, Brett J.; Ettema, Thijs J. G. (2019). "Proposal of the reverse flow model for the origin of the eukaryotic cell based on comparative analyses of Asgard archaeal metabolism" (PDF). Nature Microbiology. 4 (7): 1138–1148. doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0406-9. ISSN 2058-5276. PMID 30936488.
  2. ↑ Albers, Sonja; Ashmore, Jonathan; Pollard, Thomas; Spang, Anja; Zhou, Jizhong (2022). "Origin of eukaryotes: What can be learned from the first successfully isolated Asgard archaeon". Faculty Reviews. 11: 3. doi:10.12703/r-01-000005. ISSN 2732-432X. PMC 8815363. PMID 35174363.
  3. ↑ Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna; Caceres, Eva F.; Saw, Jimmy H.; Bäckström, Disa; Juzokaite, Lina; Vancaester, Emmelien; Seitz, Kiley W.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Starnawski, Piotr; Kjeldsen, Kasper U.; Stott, Matthew B.; Nunoura, Takuro; Banfield, Jillian F.; Schramm, Andreas; Baker, Brett J. (2017-01-19). "Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity". Nature. 541 (7637): 353–358. Bibcode:2017Natur.541..353Z. doi:10.1038/nature21031. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 28077874. S2CID 4458094.
  4. ↑ Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna; Caceres, Eva F.; Saw, Jimmy H.; Bäckström, Disa; Juzokaite, Lina; Vancaester, Emmelien; Seitz, Kiley W.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Starnawski, Piotr; Kjeldsen, Kasper U.; Stott, Matthew B.; Nunoura, Takuro; Banfield, Jillian F.; Schramm, Andreas; Baker, Brett J. (January 2017). "Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity". Nature. 541 (7637): 353–358. doi:10.1038/nature21031. ISSN 1476-4687.
  5. ↑ Wu, Fabai; Speth, Daan R.; Philosof, Alon; Crémière, Antoine; Narayanan, Aditi; Barco, Roman A.; Connon, Stephanie A.; Amend, Jan P.; et al. (2022). "Unique mobile elements and scalable gene flow at the prokaryote-eukaryote boundary revealed by circularized Asgard archaea genomes". Nature Microbiology. 7 (2): 200–212. doi:10.1038/s41564-021-01039-y. ISSN 2058-5276. PMC 8813620. PMID 35027677.
  6. ↑ Zhang, Jiawei; Feng, Xiaoyuan; Li, Meng; Liu, Yang; Liu, Min; Hou, Li-Jun; Dong, Hong-Po (7 May 2025). "Deep origin of eukaryotes outside Heimdallarchaeia within Asgardarchaeota". Nature. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-08955-7. PMC 12222021. Retrieved 8 May 2025.
  7. ↑ "Genus: Heimdallarchaeum". lpsn.dsmz.de. Retrieved 2025-04-02.