Judy Gumbo (née Judith Lee Clavir; June 25, 1943 – September 14, 2026) was a Canadian-American activist. She was an original member of the Yippies, the Youth International Party, a 1960s counter culture and satirical anti-war group, alongside Anita and Abbie Hoffman, Nancy Kurshan and Jerry Rubin, and her husband Stew Albert.
Early life and education
Gumbo was born Judith Lee Clavir in Toronto on June 25, 1943. Of her family, she said: "We were both Jewish and 'godless' Communists as the far right likes to claim. Instead of synagogue, our rituals took place in front of bookshelves, my atheistic family's holy of holies." She received a bachelor's degree in sociology from the University of Toronto, where she also attended graduate school.
Activism
Gumbo moved to Berkeley in the fall of 1967 and became involved with the activist community. She worked at the 1960s underground newspaper the Berkeley Barb, and helped found its offshoot Berkeley Tribe.
In 1970, during the Vietnam War, Gumbo and two other Yippie women visited the former North Vietnam.
In 1972, the FBI described Gumbo as "the most vicious, the most anti-American, the most anti-establishment, and the most dangerous to the internal security of the United States". In 1975, she discovered that a tracking device had been placed on her car. Her home was broken into and a listening device was installed. It was active for 8 days. She later took part in a lawsuit that successfully challenged warrantless wiretapping.
In 2013, Gumbo returned to unified Vietnam to take part in a celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Paris Peace Accords. Her memoir, Yippie Girl: Exploits in Protest and Defeating the FBI, was published in May 2022.
Personal life and death
Gumbo was married to Albert from 1977 until his death in 2006. She was married to actor David Hemblen from 1966–1968, and David Dobkin, a co-founder of Berkeley Co-Housing, from 2008 until his death in 2014. She married historian Arthur Eckstein in 2017. She and Albert had a daughter.
Gumbo died from complications of dementia in Berkeley, California, on September 14, 2026, at the age of 83.
Bibliography
Gumbo, Judy; Yippie Girl: Exploits in Protest and Defeating the FBI;Three Rooms Press; May 2022; pp. 342 ISBN978-1953103185
↑Whiting, Sam, San Francisco Chronicle, "Lefties Return Home for Barb Reunion," August 14, 2015, p. E1 and Hoffman, Anita & Abbie, (1976) To America with Love: Letters From the Underground, Los Angeles, Red Hen Press, p. 139, 167.
12Whiting, Sam, San Francisco Chronicle, "A 50-year anniversary for Berkeley’s radical rag," August 2, 2015, p. A14. and Ed. Stewart, Sean, (2011) On the Ground: An Illustrated Anecdotal History of the Sixties Underground Press in the U.S., PM Press, p. 125, 128, 148, 150, 159.
123GQ Magazine, "The Mess We Made: An Oral History of the ’68 Convention," August 2008, p. 184.
↑Thomas, Pat, Did It! From Yippie to Yuppie: Jerry Rubin, An American Revolutionary '2017, Fantagraphic Books, Seattle, WA ISBN978-1-60699-892-2, pp. 22-23,63-65,98-99
↑Morgan, Robin, (1970) Sisterhood is Powerful, p. 538.
↑Clinton, James W., The Loyal Opposition, Americans in North Vietnam, 1965-1972, Niwot, CO, The University Press of Colorado, p. 290
↑Rosenfeld, Seth (2012) Subversives: The FBI’s War on Student Radicals, and Reagan’s Rise to Power, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, p. 489
↑Gumbo, Judy, Vietnam Time Travel 1970-2013, in The People Make the Peace: Lessons from the Vietnam Antiwar Movement, ed. Aguilar-San Juan, Karin and Joyce, Frank, Charlottesville, VA, Just World Books, p. 55-68)
