Matricide

Orestes Pursued by the Furies by William-Adolphe Bouguereau. Orestes is tormented by the Furies for the murder of his mother Clytemnestra.

Matricide (or maternal homicide) is the act of killing one's own mother. The word matricide is derived from the Latin word mātricida, from māter (mother) and the suffix -cida (cutter or killer). Matricide is a sub-form of parricide. Throughout human history, matricide has been culturally considered one of the most heinous crimes.

Matricide is a rare form of murder, accounting for around 0.68% of homicides. In the United States, matricide represented less than 2% of homicides committed between 1976 and 1998. In the western world, matricide is less common than patricide, which accounts for less than 4% of murders in North America and Europe.

In the majority of cases, matricide is committed by adult sons, with psychotic disorders, most often schizophrenia. Matricides are usually not premeditated and take place in the mother's bedroom following a trivial dispute. Relationships between perpetrators of matricide and their mothers are usually ambivalent with frequent conflicts, typically described by perpetrators as a hostile-dependent relationship with a domineering mother.

Male perpetrators of matricide, regardless of age, most often act alone. Daughters under the age of 18 are the least common perpretrators of matricide and female juvenile perpetrators usually kill their mothers with an older male accomplice.

The killing of stepmothers by stepchildren represent only 5% of overall matricides. In these cases, perpetrators are usually younger, with 64% being under the age of 25, compared to 35% of perpetrators in matricides of biological mothers.

In Israel, matricide accounted for 20-33% of all femicides in 2025.

Known or suspected matricides

See also

References

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  6. 1 2 Heide, Kathleen M. (2013). "Matricide and Stepmatricide Victims and Offenders: An Empirical Analysis of U.S. Arrest Data". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 31 (2): 203–214. doi:10.1002/bsl.2056. ISSN 1099-0798.
  7. 1 2 Heide, Kathleen M.; Frei, Autumn (January 2010). "Matricide: a critique of the literature". Trauma, Violence & Abuse. 11 (1): 3–17. doi:10.1177/1524838009349517. ISSN 1552-8324. PMID 19875385.
  8. ↑ "Matricide: A rare and unnatural crime". The Herald. August 1, 2009.
  9. ↑ Obertinca, Bujar; Gallopeni, Florim; Shemsedini, Nevzat; Hysenaj, Arben; Taganovic, Besarta; Haxhibeqiri, Shpend (March 10, 2024). "Matricide by Person with Borderline Personality Disorder" (PDF). International Journal of Biomedicine. 14 (1): 193–195. doi:10.21103/Article14(1)_CR9.
  10. ↑ Lingam R, Mason S (2020) Perspectives on Indirect Matricide in Male Violent Offenders. Ann Psychiatry Ment Health 8(1): 1145.
  11. ↑ Mitrevski, J (2006). "The psychology of parricide". FMAC.
  12. ↑ Bourget, Dominique; Gagné, Pierre; Labelle, Mary-Eve (September 13, 2007). "Parricide: A Comparative Study of Matricide Versus Patricide". Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online. 35 (3): 306–312. ISSN 1093-6793. PMID 17872550.
  13. ↑ Pedisic, I.; Radic, K.; Buzina, N.; Jukic, V. (March 2016). "Matricide Versus Patricide in One Croatian Psychiatric Forensic Inpatient Unit". European Psychiatry. 33 (S1): S463–S463. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1683. ISSN 0924-9338.
  14. ↑ Valença, Alexandre Martins; Carvalho de Oliveira, Gustavo; Telles, Lisieux Elaine de Borba; da Silva, Antonio Geraldo; da Silva, Jorge Adelino Rodrigues; Barros, Alcina Juliana Soares; Nardi, Antonio Egidio (September 2021). "Matricide, parricide, and filicide: Are major mental disorders or personality disorders involved? Assessment of criminal responsibility in Brazilian cases". Journal of Forensic Sciences. 66 (5): 2048–2053. doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14745. ISSN 0022-1198.
  15. ↑ Catanesi, Roberto; Rocca, Gabriele; Candelli, Chiara; Carabellese, Felice (December 1, 2015). "Matricide by Mentally Disordered Sons: Gaining a Criminological Understanding Beyond Mental Illness—A Descriptive Study". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 59 (14): 1550–1563. doi:10.1177/0306624X14545772. ISSN 0306-624X.
  16. ↑ Schug, Robert A. (May 2011). "Schizophrenia and Matricide: An Integrative Review". Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. 27 (2): 204–229. doi:10.1177/1043986211405894. ISSN 1043-9862.
  17. ↑ Çakıcı, Mehmet; Çakıcı, Ebru; Ataklı, Cem; Arkonaç, Oğuz; Polat, Oğuz (October 1, 1996). "Bir Matrisidal Şizofreni Olgusu". The Bulletin of Legal Medicine (in Turkish). 1 (3): 139–141. doi:10.17986/blm.199613153. hdl:11424/258388. ISSN 2149-4533.
  18. 1 2 Clark, SA (October 1993). "Matricide: The Schizophrenic Crime?". Medicine, Science and the Law. 33 (4).
  19. ↑ Ogunwale, A.; Abayomi, O. (January 2012). "Matricide and schizophrenia in the 21(st) century: a review and illustrative cases". African Journal of Psychiatry. 15 (1): 55–57. doi:10.4314/ajpsy.v15i1.8. ISSN 1994-8220. PMID 22344764.
  20. ↑ Singhal, S.; Dutta, A. (July 1992). "Who commits matricide?". Medicine, Science, and the Law. 32 (3): 213–217. doi:10.1177/002580249203200305. ISSN 0025-8024. PMID 1513219.
  21. ↑ "Matricide", Encyclopedia of Motherhood, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2010, doi:10.4135/9781412979276.n386, ISBN 978-1-4129-6846-1{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  22. ↑ Holcomb, W. R. (2000). "Matricide: primal aggression in search of self-affirmation". Psychiatry. 63 (3): 264–287. doi:10.1080/00332747.2000.11024919. ISSN 0033-2747. PMID 11125672.
  23. 1 2 Heide, Kathleen M. (December 14, 2012), "MATRICIDE: BASIC FACTS AND LITERATURE", Understanding Parricide (1 ed.), Oxford University PressNew York, pp. 75–102, doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176667.003.0004, ISBN 978-0-19-517666-7
  24. ↑ Shon, Phillip C. (2021), "Killing of Stepparents by Stepchildren", The SAGE Handbook of Domestic Violence, 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, pp. 930–947, doi:10.4135/9781529742343.n56{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  25. ↑ "Israel's new femicide problem: Sons murdering mothers". The Jerusalem Post. August 17, 2025.
  26. ↑ "Femicide Report Finds 44 Women Murdered in Israel Since January". HUJI International. November 24, 2025.
  27. ↑ "2025 marks sharp rise in Israeli women murdered". The Jerusalem Post. December 25, 2025.
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  29. ↑ "John List: Man Who Killed His Family Of 5, Then Vanished For 18 Years". www.ndtv.com. Retrieved March 2, 2025.
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  32. ↑ Worley, Will (May 4, 2016). "Woman who planned the murder of most of her family reveals why she did it". The Independent. Archived from the original on December 11, 2024. Retrieved December 23, 2024.
  33. ↑ "Update: Jarmecca "Nikki" Whitehead murder *Daughters, Jasmiyah and Tasmiyah Whitehead, pled guilty, sentenced to 30 years in prison - Bonnie's Blog of Crime". Bonnie's Blog of Crime. August 2, 2014.
  34. ↑ Janos, Adam (February 27, 2025). "Why Did Jennifer Pan Orchestrate a Plot to Murder Her Parents?". A&E. Retrieved March 2, 2025.
  35. ↑ "Waller man who killed his family sentenced to life in prison without parole". Khou staff. khou.com. August 3, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  36. ↑ U.S. News (April 13, 2015). "Elementary school massacre: 20 children among 28 killed in Connecticut slaughter". NBC News.
  37. ↑ "Court document: Man admits to using pronged fork, knife to kill mom and half-sister". fox59.com. February 5, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
  38. ↑ "The David Rodenbarger Aftermath". May 20, 2015.
  39. ↑ "Pendleton inmate serving 80-year sentence found dead inside cell". March 4, 2020.
  40. ↑ Unson, John. "Raps filed vs. siblings who killed, ate own mother". Philstar.com. Retrieved June 26, 2026.
  41. ↑ "Ashlee Martinson: Teen Blogger To Spend 23 Years In Prison After Killing Parents - Inquisitr News". June 11, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2025.
  42. ↑ Carr, Erin Lee (August 27, 2017). "'Would you kill my mother for me?': a dark case of abuse and revenge". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077.
  43. ↑ Smith, Alexander (July 23, 2015). "Five Found Dead in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma; Two Teen Relatives Detained". NBC News.
  44. ↑ "Plymouth shooting: Gunman's family 'grappling to understand' what happened". January 17, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2025.
  45. ↑ "A gunman has killed 6 people including his mother at a nursing home in Croatia, officials say". AP News. July 22, 2024. Retrieved March 2, 2025.
  46. ↑ "Canada in shock after deadly Tumbler Ridge school shooting". Associated Press. February 11, 2026. Retrieved February 23, 2026.
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