Monohalomethane

Structural formula
Name Fluoromethane
Methyl fluoride		 Chloromethane
Methyl chloride		 Bromomethane
Methyl bromide		 Iodomethane
Methyl iodide
Melting point −137,8 °C −97,4 °C −93,7 °C −66 °C
Boiling point −78,4 °C −23,8 °C 4,0 °C 42 °C
Space-filling model

The monohalomethanes are organic compounds in which a hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a halogen. They belong to the haloalkanes or to the subgroup of halomethanes.

The four common members are fluoromethane, chloromethane, bromomethane and iodomethane.

Historical name for this group is methyl halides; it's still widely used. The compounds of this class are often described as CH3X or MeX (X - any halogen, Me - methyl group).

There are analogs with more than one hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a halogen:

Analogs with carbon atom replaced with a heavier group 14 element are also known:

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Highly radioactive CH3At (methyl astatide) has been detected. The known isotopes of even heavier group 17 element, tennessine, are too short-lived to allow for chemical experimentation.

References

  1. 1 2 Record of Fluoromethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  2. 1 2 Record of Chloromethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  3. 1 2 Record of Bromomethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  4. 1 2 Record of Iodomethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  5. ↑ "Chemical Fact Sheet: Astatine". European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA).