Murom

Murom
Муром
City
Murom Transfiguration monastery
Murom Transfiguration monastery
Flag of Murom
Flag
Coat of arms of Murom
Coat of arms
Interactive map of Murom
Location of Murom
Murom (Vladimir Oblast)
Coordinates: 55°34′N 42°02′E / 55.567°N 42.033°E / 55.567; 42.033
CountryRussia
Federal subjectVladimir Oblast
First mentioned862
Government
 • HeadYevgeny Rychkov
Elevation
115 m (377 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)
 • Total
116,075
 • Estimate 
(2025)
104,078 (−10.3%)
 • Rank140th in 2010
 • Subordinated toCity of Murom
 • Capital ofMuromsky District, City of Murom
 • Urban okrugMurom Urban Okrug
 • Capital ofMurom Urban Okrug, Muromsky Municipal District
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata)
Postal code
602250
Dialing code+7 49234
OKTMO ID17735000001
Websitewww.murom.info

Murom (Russian: Муром, IPA: [ˈmurəm]) is a historical city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which sprawls along the west bank of the Oka River. It borders Nizhny Novgorod Oblast and is situated 137 kilometres (85 mi) from the administrative center Vladimir. Its population as of the 2021 census was 107,497.

First mentioned in 862, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. It was the center of the Principality of Murom during the Middle Ages.

Etymology

The name of the city is derived from the Muroma, a Finnic tribe that inhabited the area.

History

Middle Ages

In the 9th century, the city marked the easternmost settlement of the East Slavs in the land of the Muroma, a Finnic tribe. The Primary Chronicle mentions it as early as 862. It is, thus, one of the oldest cities in Russia. Around 900, it was an important trading post from Volga Bulgaria to the Baltic Sea.

Between 1010 and 1392, it was the capital of a separate principality, whose rulers included the saints Gleb, assassinated in 1015 and canonized in 1071, Konstantin the Blessed, and Peter and Fevronia of Murom, subjects of an opera by Rimsky-Korsakov. It was believed to be the home town of the Russian epic hero Ilya Muromets.: 487–489  The town has a statue which shows Ilya holding the hilt of his sword in the left hand and a cross in the right.

Along with the Principality of Ryazan, Murom bore the brunt of attacks from the east as it constituted the southeastern border of Russia.: 31  As a result, Murom became dependent on the other Russian principalities.: 31  Vasily I of Moscow received the patent for the throne of Murom in 1392 and it was incorporated into the Grand Principality of Moscow.: 31 

Recent history

On June 30, 1961, Murom was the site of a spontaneous protest and riot against the police and Soviet authorities, following the death in police custody of a senior factory foreman named Kostikov.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Murom serves as the administrative center of Muromsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the City of Murom — an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the territory of the City of Murom together with nine rural localities in Muromsky District are incorporated as Murom Urban Okrug.

Economy

Murom has since 1941 played host to the JSC Murom instrument making plant (MIMP) which produces the means of initiation and ignition of ammunition, as well as various pyrotechnic devices. It is a subsidiary of Rostec State Corporation.

Sights

Murom still retains many marks of antiquity. The Transfiguration Monastery [ru], one of the most ancient in Russia, was first chronicled in 1096, when Oleg of Chernigov besieged it and killed Vladimir Monomakh's son Izyaslav, who is buried there. In 1552, the monastery was visited by Ivan the Terrible who commissioned a stone cathedral, which was followed by other churches.

The Trinity Convent [ru], where the relics of Sts. Peter and Fevronia are displayed, features a fine cathedral (1642–1643), the Kazan Church (1652), a bell-tower (1652), a wooden church of St. Sergius, and stone walls. It is rivaled by the Annunciation Monastery [ru], founded during the reign of Ivan the Terrible to house the relics of local princes and containing a cathedral from 1664. Two last-mentioned cathedrals, being probably the works of the same masters, have much in common with the Resurrection Church (1658) in the downtown. The tent-like church of Sts. Cosmas and Damian was built in 1565 on the bank of the Oka to commemorate the Russian conquest of Kazan.

International relations

Murom is twinned with:

Notable people

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Resolution #433
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #130-OZ
  3. 1 2 "Yevgeny Rychkov, Head of the Urban Okrug". www.murom.info, Official website of Murom Urban Okrug. Archived March 23, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
  4. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ↑ Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2025 года (in Russian), Moscow: Federal State Statistics Service, April 25, 2025, Wikidata Q133797648, archived from the original on April 26, 2026
  6. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 17 244», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 17 244, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  7. 1 2 3 Law #53-OZ
  8. ↑ Law #58-OZ
  9. ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  10. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  11. ↑ Everett-Heath, John (2005). "Murom". The Concise Dictionary of World Place-names. Oxford University Press. p. 355. ISBN 978-0-19-860537-9.
  12. ↑ Hazzard Cross; Samuel and Sherbowitz-Wetzor; Olgerd P. (1953). The Russian Primary Chronicle: Laurentian Text (PDF). Medieval Academy of America, Cambridge, MA. pp. 59–60.
  13. ↑ Kononenko, Natalie (April 11, 2025). "Byliny: Russian Folk Epic". In Beissinger, Margaret H. (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Slavic and East European Folklore. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-008077-8.
  14. 1 2 3 Feldbrugge, Ferdinand J. M. (October 2, 2017). A History of Russian Law: From Ancient Times to the Council Code (Ulozhenie) of Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich of 1649. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-35214-8.
  15. ↑ Kozlov, Vladimir A.; McClarnand MacKinnon, Elaine (2002). Mass uprisings in the USSR: protest and rebellion in the post-Stalin years. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 9780765606686 – via books.google.com.
  16. ↑ "JSC "MUROM INSTRUMENT MAKING PLANT"". RS Trade. Retrieved July 9, 2023.
  17. ↑ "Brief biography and appreciation". www.museum.nnov.ru. Deprecated link archived 2013-01-10 at archive.today @ the Museum of Nizhny Novgorod State University

Sources

  • Законодательное Собрание Владимирской области. Закон №130-ОЗ от 10 декабря 2001 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Владимирской области и о порядке его изменения», в ред. Закона №22-ОЗ от 18 марта 2014 г. «О признании утратившими силу части 1 статьи 15 Закона Владимирской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Владимирской области и о порядке его изменения" и пункта 3 статьи 1 Закона Владимирской области "О внесении изменений в Закон Владимирской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Владимирской области и о порядке его изменения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования (13 декабря 2001 г.). Опубликован: "Владимирские ведомости", №232, 13 декабря 2001 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vladimir Oblast. Law #130-OZ of December 10, 2001 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vladimir Oblast and on Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Law #22-OZ of March 18, 2014 On Abrogating Part 1 of Article 15 of the Law of Vladimir Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vladimir Oblast and on Procedures for Its Change" and Item 3 of Article 1 of the Law of Vladimir Oblast "On Amending the Law of Vladimir Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vladimir Oblast and on Procedures for Its Change". Effective as of the day of the official publication (December 13, 2001).).
  • Администрация Владимирской области. Постановление №433 от 13 июня 2007 г. «О реестре административно-территориальных образований и единиц Владимирской области», в ред. Постановления №169 от 5 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в Постановление Губернатора области от 13.06.2007 №433 "О реестре административно-территориальных образований и единиц Владимирской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Владимирские ведомости", №114, 20 июня 2007 г. (Administration of Vladimir Oblast. Resolution #433 of June 13, 2007 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations and Units of Vladimir Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #169 of March 5, 2015 On Amending Resolution #433 of the Oblast Governor of June 13, 2007 "On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations and Units of Vladimir Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Владимирской области. Закон №53-ОЗ от 11 мая 2005 г. «О наделении статусом городского округа муниципального образования округ Муром и установлении его границы», в ред. Закона №85-ОЗ от 12 октября 2011 г «О внесении изменений в Приложения 1 и 2 к Закону Владимирской области "О наделении статусом городского округа муниципального образования округ Муром и установлении его границы"». Вступил в силу 17 мая 2005 г. Опубликован: "Владимирские ведомости", №156–157, 17 мая 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vladimir Oblast. Law #53-OZ of May 11, 2005 On Granting Urban Okrug Status to the Municipal Formation of the Okrug of Murom and on Establishing Its Border, as amended by the Law #85-OZ of October 12, 2011 On Amending Appendices 1 and 2 to the Law of Vladimir Oblast "On Granting Urban Okrug Status to the Municipal Formation of the Okrug of Murom and on Establishing Its Border". Effective as of May 17, 2005.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Владимирской области. Закон №58-ОЗ от 13 мая 2005 г. «О наделении соответствующим статусом вновь образованного муниципального образования Муромский район и вновь образованных муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, и установлении их границ», в ред. Закона №115-ОЗ от 10 августа 2009 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Владимирской области "О наделении соответствующим статусом вновь образованного муниципального образования Муромский район и вновь образованных муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, и установлении их границ"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования (18 мая 2005 г.). Опубликован: "Владимирские ведомости", №№158–165, 18 мая 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vladimir Oblast. Law #58-OZ of May 13, 2005 On Granting an Appropriate Status to the Newly Established Municipal Formation of Muromsky District and to the Newly Established Municipal Formations Which Comprise It, and on Establishing Their Borders, as amended by the Law #115-OZ of August 10, 2009 On Amending the Law of Vladimir Oblast "On Granting an Appropriate Status to the Newly Established Municipal Formation of Muromsky District and to the Newly Established Municipal Formations Which Comprise It, and on Establishing Their Borders". Effective as of the day of the official publication (May 18, 2005).).