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| Pataxó | |
|---|---|
| Patxohã, Southern Pataxó | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Bahia, Minas Gerais |
| Ethnicity | Pataxó people |
| Era | attested 1826 |
| Revival | 1998 |
Macro-Jê
| |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Brazil (Porto Seguro, Santa Cruz Cabrália) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | Nonepata1261 Pataxó Hã-Ha-Hãe |
Pataxó (Patashó, Patachó,: 341 sometimes called Southern Pataxó to distinguish from Pataxó-Hãhãhãe) is an extinct Maxakalían language of Brazil formerly spoken by the Pataxó people of the Bahia region, and of Minas Gerais, Pôsto Paraguassu in Itabuna municipality. The 12,865 individuals in the Pataxó tribe now speak Portuguese instead, though they retain a few Pataxó words, as well as some words from neighbouring peoples. It has been revived in a form called Patxohã. Due to poor documentation, many elements of Pataxó grammar, including the entire syntax, needed to be entirely reconstructed. Patxohã was declared an official language in the city of Porto Seguro, Bahia, in 2023. This was followed by Santa Cruz Cabrália two years later.
| gloss | Pataxó | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| (the) arm | agnipcaton | |
| old | hitap | |
| eye | anguá | |
| axe | cachü | palatal ch; ü like ö |
| tapir | amachy | German ch |
| fishing hook | kutiam | |
| tree | mniomipticajo | |
| belly | etä | unclear |
| leg | patá | |
| bite | kaangtschaha | |
| mountain | egnetopne | unclear; final e short |
| bed | miptschap | |
| blow | ekepohó | initial e short |
| blood | enghäm | unclear |
| break | tschahá | |
| bow | poitang | |
| brother | eketannoy | an as in French |
| chest | ekäp | |
| calabash | totsá | |
| canoe | mibcoy | |
| hummingbird | petékéton | |
| thumb | niip-ketó | |
| village | canan-patashi | |
| thorn | mihiam | |
| eat | oknikenang | |
| one, alone | apetiäenam | |
| earth, land | aham | |
| egg | petetiäng | |
| (it is) good | nomaisom | |
| it is not good | mayogená | ge as in German |
| feather | potoitan | |
| fish | maham | |
| flesh | uniin | |
| finger | gnipketó | |
| shotgun | kehekui | palatal e |
| enemy, to fight | nionaikikepá | |
| river | kekatá | |
| lazy | noktiokpetam | |
| frog | mauá | |
| sloth | gneüy | unclear |
| fat | tomaisom | |
| friend, comrade | itioy | |
| god | niamissum | |
| large | nioketoiná | |
| patience | niaistó | |
| to shine | niongnitschingá | |
| dog | kokä | |
| chicken | tschuctacaco | |
| hair | epotoy | |
| neck | may | |
| horn | niotschokaptschoi | |
| yes | han | as in French |
| child | tschauaum | |
| cold | nuptschaaptangmang | |
| small | kenetketó | |
| head | atpatoy | |
| come! | nanä | |
| short | nionham-ketom | |
| sick | aktschopetam | |
| long | miptoy | |
| thigh | tschakepketon | on as in French |
| liver | akiopkanay | |
| to run | topakautschi | |
| man | nionnactim | |
| mother | atön | ö between ö and e |
| corn | pastschon | |
| manioc | cohom̄ | |
| knife | amanay | |
| girl | nactamanian | |
| to paint | noytanatschä | |
| night | temenieypelan | |
| black person | tomeningná | |
| no | tapetapocpay | |
| nose | insicap | |
| nail (finger- and toe-) | nion-menan | an as in French |
| ox | juctan | |
| arrow | pohoy | |
| horse | amaschep | |
| paca | tschapá | |
| red | eoató | eo pronounced separately |
| sun | mayon | |
| stone | micay | |
| son | nioaactschum | |
| to die | nokschoon | |
| pig | schaem | e like palatal ü |
| to sing | sumniatá | |
| to sleep | somnaymohon | |
| to stink | niunghaschinguá | |
| sister | ehä |