Phrurolithidae

Phrurolithidae; Temporal range: Palaeogene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Otacilia lynx
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Phrurolithidae; Banks, 1892
Diversity
	27 genera, 421 species
	blue: reported countries (WSC); green: observation hotspots (iNaturalist)

Phrurolithidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, known as guardstone spiders. The family was first described by Nathan Banks in 1892. First included in the Corinnidae as the subfamily Phrurolithinae, later phylogenetic studies justified a separate family.

Genera

As of January 2026^[update], this family includes 27 genera and 421 species:

Abdosetae Fu, Zhang & MacDermott, 2010 – China, Malaysia
Aculithus Liu & S. Q. Li, 2022 – China
Alboculus Liu, 2020 – China
Beatitas Mu & Zhang, 2023 – China
Bosselaerius Zamani & Marusik, 2020 – Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Iran
Brevitubus Zhu, Liao, Yin & Xu, 2025 – China
Corealithus Kamura, 2021 – China, Japan, Korea, Russia
Dorymetaecus Rainbow, 1920 – Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia
Edelithus Liu & Li, 2022 – China, Vietnam
Grandilithus Liu & S. Q. Li, 2022 – China, Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam
Labialithus Kamura, 2021 – China, Japan, Korea, Russia
Lingulatus Mu & Zhang, 2022 – China, Laos, Vietnam
Liophrurillus Wunderlich, 1992 – Algeria, Morocco, Madeira, Romania, Italy, Portugal, Spain, France
Lunalithus Kamura, 2022 – Japan
Mutatus Mu, Wang, F. Zhang & Z. S. Zhang, 2025 – China
Otacilia Thorell, 1897 – Asia
Pennalithus Kamura, 2021 – China, Japan, Korea, Russia
Phonotimpus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico, Mexiko
Phrurolinillus Wunderlich, 1995 – Portugal, Spain
Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839 – Morocco, Asia, Europe, Cuba, Hispaniola, United States. Introduced to Canada
Phrurotimpus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – China, North America
Piabuna Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 – Mexico, United States
Plynnon Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 – China, Indonesia, Borneo
Punctus Mu & Zhang, 2023 – China
Scotinella Banks, 1911 – North America
Xiaoliguang Lin & Li, 2023 – Vietnam
Xilithus Liu & Li, 2023 – China, Japan

References

↑ Banks, N. (1892). "A classification of North American spiders". The Canadian Entomologist. 24 (4): 88–97. doi:10.4039/Ent2488-4. S2CID 83972486.
↑ Ramírez, Martín J. (2014). "The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 390: 342–343. doi:10.1206/821.1. hdl:2246/6537. S2CID 86146467.
↑ "Family Phrurolithidae Banks, 1892". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2026-01-17.

External links

Citizen science observations for Phrurolithidae at iNaturalist

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[banks1892-1] Banks, N. (1892). "A classification of North American spiders". The Canadian Entomologist. 24 (4): 88–97. doi:10.4039/Ent2488-4. S2CID 83972486.

[Rami14-2] Ramírez, Martín J. (2014). "The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 390: 342–343. doi:10.1206/821.1. hdl:2246/6537. S2CID 86146467.

[wsc-3] "Family Phrurolithidae Banks, 1892". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2026-01-17.

Phrurolithidae Temporal range: Palaeogene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Otacilia lynx
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Phrurolithidae Banks, 1892
Diversity
27 genera, 421 species

blue: reported countries (WSC) green: observation hotspots (iNaturalist)