Phrurolithus

Phrurolithus; Temporal range: Palaeogene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Phrurolithus sp.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Phrurolithidae
Genus:	Phrurolithus; C. L. Koch, 1839
Type species
	P. festivus; (C. L. Koch, 1835)
Species
	57, see text

Phrurolithus is a genus of araneomorph spiders first described by C. L. Koch in 1839. First placed with the Liocranidae, it was moved to the Corinnidae in 2002, then to the Phrurolithidae in 2014.

Species

As of December 2021^[update] it contains fifty-seven species:

P. absurdus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. adjacens Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. aemulatus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. alatus Ivie & Barrows, 1935 – USA
P. apacheus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. apertus Gertsch, 1935 – USA
P. approximatus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. azarkinae Zamani & Marusik, 2020 – Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran
P. banksi Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. callidus Gertsch, 1935 – USA
P. camawhitae Gertsch, 1935 – USA
P. catalinius Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. claripes (Dönitz & Strand, 1906) – China, Russia (Sakhalin), Taiwan, Japan
P. coahuilanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. concisus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. connectus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. corsicus (Simon, 1878) – Spain, France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia) to Romania
P. debilis Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. diversus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. dolius Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
P. duncani (Chamberlin, 1925) – USA
P. emertoni Gertsch, 1935 – USA
P. festivus (C. L. Koch, 1835) (type) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, China, Korea, Japan. Introduced to Canada
P. flavipes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Lebanon, Israel
P. florentinus Caporiacco, 1923 – Italy
P. goodnighti Muma, 1945 – USA
P. hamdeokensis Seo, 1988 – Russia (South Siberia, Far East), Korea
P. kastoni Schenkel, 1950 – USA
P. kentuckyensis Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1930 – USA
P. labialis Paik, 1991 – Korea, Japan
P. lasiolepis Fu, Chen & Zhang, 2016 – China
P. leviculus Gertsch, 1936 – USA
P. lindemanni Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2020 – Russia (Far East)
P. luppovae Spassky, 1941 – Tajikistan
P. minimus C. L. Koch, 1839 – Europe
P. nemoralis Bryant, 1940 – Cuba
P. nigrinus (Simon, 1878) – Central and southern Europe
P. nipponicus Kishida, 1914 – Japan
P. oabus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
P. paludivagus Bishop & Crosby, 1926 – USA
P. parcus (Hentz, 1847) – USA
P. pennatoides Seo, 2018 – Korea
P. pinturus Ivie & Barrows, 1935 – USA
P. pipensis Muma, 1945 – USA
P. pullatus Kulczyński, 1897 – Central to Eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia
P. pygmaeus Thorell, 1875 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe)
P. schwarzi Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. shimenensis Yin, Peng, Gong & Kim, 1997 – China
P. similis Banks, 1895 – USA
P. singulus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
P. sinicus Zhu & Mei, 1982 – Russia (South Siberia, Far East), China, Korea, Japan
P. sordidus Savelyeva, 1972 – Kazakhstan
P. spinosus Bryant, 1948 – Hispaniola
P. szilyi Herman, 1879 – Portugal, Spain, Central to south-eastern Europe
P. tamaulipanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. tepejicanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
P. thracia Komnenov & Chatzaki, 2016 – Greece, Turkey

References

1 2 "Gen. Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839". World Spider Catalog Version 22.5. Natural History Museum Bern. 2021. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
↑ Koch, C. L. (1839). Die Arachniden.
↑ Bosselaers, J.; Jocqué, R. (2002). "Studies in Corinnidae: cladistic analysis of 38 corinnid and liocranid genera, and transfer of Phrurolithinae". Zoologica Scripta. 31 (3): 241–270. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00080.x. S2CID 83947168.
↑ Ramírez, M. J. (2014). "The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 390: 343. doi:10.1206/821.1. hdl:11336/18066. S2CID 86146467.

External links

Media related to Phrurolithus at Wikimedia Commons

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[NMBE-1] 1 2 "Gen. Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839". World Spider Catalog Version 22.5. Natural History Museum Bern. 2021. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 3 December 2021.

[Koch1839-2] Koch, C. L. (1839). Die Arachniden.

[Boss2002-3] Bosselaers, J.; Jocqué, R. (2002). "Studies in Corinnidae: cladistic analysis of 38 corinnid and liocranid genera, and transfer of Phrurolithinae". Zoologica Scripta. 31 (3): 241–270. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00080.x. S2CID 83947168.

[Rami2014-4] Ramírez, M. J. (2014). "The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 390: 343. doi:10.1206/821.1. hdl:11336/18066. S2CID 86146467.

Phrurolithus Temporal range: Palaeogene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Phrurolithus sp.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Phrurolithidae
Genus:	Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839
Type species
P. festivus (C. L. Koch, 1835)
Species
57, see text