Zahiran

Zahiran also known as Sahiri or Sa-hi-ri, also known as Zahiran was an Iron Age city of the ancient Near East. It was a city in what is today Syria.

History

Early Bronze Age

Zahiran

During the Mari–Ebla war (2300 BC) Zahiran was the site of a battle between Igrish-Halam King of Ebla, and Iblul-il, King of Mari. About a decade later, it would be absorbed into the empire of Sargon of Akkad.

Iron Age

Assyrian period

The town was sacked in the Battle of Nineveh (612 BC). The chronicle of Aššur-uballit II, known as Chronicle 3, states of the Battle of Nineveh between Babylonian and Assyrian armies that "in the month Âbu^{[broken anchor]} the king of Akkad and his army went upstream to Mane, Sahiri and Bali-hu. He plundered them, sacked them extensively, and abducted their gods."

References

↑ Albert Kirk Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles (Eisenbrauns, 1975 ) p91.
↑ Cyrus Herzl Gordon, Gary Rendsburg, Nathan H. Winter, Eblaitica (Eisenbrauns, 1987 ) p260.
↑ Fr. Joseph Ponessa, Laurie Manhardt, Sharon Doran, Come and See: The Rise and Fall of Ancient Israel (Emmaus Road Publishing, 2014 )
↑ Dolce, Rita (2008). "Ebla before the Achievement of Palace G Culture: An Evaluation of the Early Syrian Archaic Period". In Kühne, Hartmut; Czichon, Rainer Maria; Kreppner, Florian Janoscha. Proceedings of the 4th International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, 29 March - 3 April 2004, Freie Universität Berlin. 2. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05757-8. p68.
↑ Michalowski, Piotr (1995). Van Lerberghe, Karel; Schoors, Antoon, eds. Immigration and Emigration Within the Ancient Near East: Festschrift E. Lipiński. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta. 65. Peeters Publishers & Department of Oriental Studies, Leuven. ISBN 978-90-6831-727-5. ISSN 0777-978X p462.
↑ Roux G, Ancient Iraq. (Penguin UK, 1992) p.200.
↑ Feliu L., (Brill, 2003) p40.
↑ Aaron Alexander Burke, The Architecture Of Defense: Fortified Settlements Of The Levant During The Middle Bronze Age (Volume One) 2004. p183.
↑ Edgar Peltenberg (2007). Euphrates River Valley Settlement: The Carchemish Sector in the Third Millennium BC. p. 118.
↑ Chronicle Concerning the Fall of Nineveh at livis.com.
↑ A.K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian chronicles (1975)
↑ Bill T. Arnold, Bryan E. Beyer, Readings from the Ancient Near East: Primary Sources for Old Testament Study (Baker Academic, 2002) p. 156.

[1] Albert Kirk Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles (Eisenbrauns, 1975 ) p91.

[2] Cyrus Herzl Gordon, Gary Rendsburg, Nathan H. Winter, Eblaitica (Eisenbrauns, 1987 ) p260.

[3] Fr. Joseph Ponessa, Laurie Manhardt, Sharon Doran, Come and See: The Rise and Fall of Ancient Israel (Emmaus Road Publishing, 2014 )

[4] Dolce, Rita (2008). "Ebla before the Achievement of Palace G Culture: An Evaluation of the Early Syrian Archaic Period". In Kühne, Hartmut; Czichon, Rainer Maria; Kreppner, Florian Janoscha. Proceedings of the 4th International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, 29 March - 3 April 2004, Freie Universität Berlin. 2. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05757-8. p68.

[5] Michalowski, Piotr (1995). Van Lerberghe, Karel; Schoors, Antoon, eds. Immigration and Emigration Within the Ancient Near East: Festschrift E. Lipiński. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta. 65. Peeters Publishers & Department of Oriental Studies, Leuven. ISBN 978-90-6831-727-5. ISSN 0777-978X p462.

[6] Roux G, Ancient Iraq. (Penguin UK, 1992) p.200.

[7] Feliu L., (Brill, 2003) p40.

[8] Aaron Alexander Burke, The Architecture Of Defense: Fortified Settlements Of The Levant During The Middle Bronze Age (Volume One) 2004. p183.

[9] Edgar Peltenberg (2007). Euphrates River Valley Settlement: The Carchemish Sector in the Third Millennium BC. p. 118.

[10] Chronicle Concerning the Fall of Nineveh at livis.com.

[11] A.K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian chronicles (1975)

[12] Bill T. Arnold, Bryan E. Beyer, Readings from the Ancient Near East: Primary Sources for Old Testament Study (Baker Academic, 2002) p. 156.