TLL1

TLL1
Identifiers
Aliases	TLL1, ASD6, TLL, tolloid like 1
External IDs	OMIM: 606742; MGI: 106923; GeneCards: TLL1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3EDI
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	166,104,457 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (mouse)
End	64,659,305 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; gonad; ; testicle; ; cerebellar cortex; ; cerebellar hemisphere; ; epithelium of colon; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; Achilles tendon; ; gallbladder; ; smooth muscle tissue;
	Top expressed in
	muscular part of interventricular septum; ; cardiac muscle tissue of interventricular septum; ; aorticopulmonary septum; ; vein; ; endocardium of atrium; ; interatrial septum; ; septum primum; ; endocardium of right atrium; ; zygote; ; secondary oocyte;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	calcium ion binding; zinc ion binding; peptidase activity; hydrolase activity; metallopeptidase activity; metal ion binding; metalloendopeptidase activity; serine-type endopeptidase activity;
Cellular component	extracellular region;
Biological process	multicellular organism development; skeletal system development; cell differentiation; extracellular matrix disassembly; proteolysis;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Databases	NCBI: entry; OMA: entry
	7092
	21892
	ENSG00000038295
	ENSMUSG00000053626
	O43897
	Q62381
	NM_001204760; NM_012464
	NM_009390
	NP_001191689; NP_036596
	NP_033416
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Tolloid-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLL1 gene.

This gene encodes an astacin-like zinc-dependent metalloprotease and is a subfamily member of the metzincin family. A similar protein in mice is required during heart development and specifically processes procollagen C-propeptides and chordin at similar cleavage sites.

In clinical context, TLL1 was mostly associated with atrial septal defect in an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance of loss-of-function mutations. However, functional studies have also linked its gain-of-function with mitral valve prolapse.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000038295 – Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053626 – Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Scott IC, Clark TG, Takahara K, Hoffman GG, Eddy RL, Haley LL, et al. (October 1999). "Assignment of TLL1 and TLL2, which encode human BMP-1/Tolloid-related metalloproteases, to chromosomes 4q32→q33 and 10q23→q24 and assignment of murine Tll2 to chromosome 19". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 86 (1): 64–65. doi:10.1159/000015412. PMID 10516436. S2CID 42081614.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: TLL1 tolloid-like 1".
↑ Sieron L, Lesiak M, Schisler I, Drzazga Z, Fertala A, Sieron AL (January 2019). "Functional and structural studies of tolloid-like 1 mutants associated with atrial-septal defect 6". Bioscience Reports. 39 (1) BSR20180270. doi:10.1042/BSR20180270. PMC 6328869. PMID 30538173.
↑ Agam N, Dolgin V, Star A, Freund O, Jean MM, Safran A, et al. (May 2025). "Mitral Valve Prolapse Caused by TLL1 Gain-of-Function Mutation". The Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 41 (5): 928–935. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2025.01.018. PMID 39880331.

Takahara K, Brevard R, Hoffman GG, Suzuki N, Greenspan DS (June 1996). "Characterization of a novel gene product (mammalian tolloid-like) with high sequence similarity to mammalian tolloid/bone morphogenetic protein-1". Genomics. 34 (2): 157–165. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0260. PMID 8661043.
Scott IC, Blitz IL, Pappano WN, Imamura Y, Clark TG, Steiglitz BM, et al. (September 1999). "Mammalian BMP-1/Tolloid-related metalloproteinases, including novel family member mammalian Tolloid-like 2, have differential enzymatic activities and distributions of expression relevant to patterning and skeletogenesis". Developmental Biology. 213 (2): 283–300. doi:10.1006/dbio.1999.9383. PMID 10479448.
Scott IC, Imamura Y, Pappano WN, Troedel JM, Recklies AD, Roughley PJ, et al. (September 2000). "Bone morphogenetic protein-1 processes probiglycan". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (39): 30504–30511. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004846200. PMID 10896944.
Uzel MI, Scott IC, Babakhanlou-Chase H, Palamakumbura AH, Pappano WN, Hong HH, et al. (June 2001). "Multiple bone morphogenetic protein 1-related mammalian metalloproteinases process pro-lysyl oxidase at the correct physiological site and control lysyl oxidase activation in mouse embryo fibroblast cultures". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (25): 22537–22543. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102352200. PMID 11313359.
Ge G, Zhang Y, Steiglitz BM, Greenspan DS (2006). "Mammalian tolloid-like 1 binds procollagen C-proteinase enhancer protein 1 and differs from bone morphogenetic protein 1 in the functional roles of homologous protein domains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (16): 10786–10798. doi:10.1074/jbc.M511111200. PMID 16507574.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 4 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000038295 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053626 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid10516436-5] Scott IC, Clark TG, Takahara K, Hoffman GG, Eddy RL, Haley LL, et al. (October 1999). "Assignment of TLL1 and TLL2, which encode human BMP-1/Tolloid-related metalloproteases, to chromosomes 4q32→q33 and 10q23→q24 and assignment of murine Tll2 to chromosome 19". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 86 (1): 64–65. doi:10.1159/000015412. PMID 10516436. S2CID 42081614.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: TLL1 tolloid-like 1".

[7] Sieron L, Lesiak M, Schisler I, Drzazga Z, Fertala A, Sieron AL (January 2019). "Functional and structural studies of tolloid-like 1 mutants associated with atrial-septal defect 6". Bioscience Reports. 39 (1) BSR20180270. doi:10.1042/BSR20180270. PMC 6328869. PMID 30538173.

[8] Agam N, Dolgin V, Star A, Freund O, Jean MM, Safran A, et al. (May 2025). "Mitral Valve Prolapse Caused by TLL1 Gain-of-Function Mutation". The Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 41 (5): 928–935. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2025.01.018. PMID 39880331.

v t e Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins / ligands
Growth factors	Epidermal growth factor Fibroblast growth factor Nerve growth factor Platelet-derived growth factor Transforming growth factor beta superfamily Vascular endothelial growth factor
Ephrin	EFNA1 EFNA2 EFNA3 EFNA4 EFNA5 EFNB1 EFNB2 EFNB3
Other	Adipokine Agouti-related peptide Agouti-signaling protein Angiogenic protein CCN intercellular signaling protein CCN1 CCN2 CCN3 Cytokine Endothelin EDN1 EDN2 EDN3 Hedgehog protein Interferon Kinin Parathyroid hormone-related protein Semaphorin Somatomedin Tolloid-like metalloproteinase Tumor necrosis factor Wnt protein
see also extracellular ligand disorders

TLL1

References

Further reading