Tatrot Formation

Tatrot Formation
Tatrot Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Miocene to Pliocene 5.5–2.58 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geologic formation
Underlies	Pinjor Formation
Overlies	Dhok Pathan Formation
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Other	Mudstone
Location
Region	Siwalik Hills
Country	Pakistan,; India
Type section
Named for	Tatrot Village, Pakistan
	Saketi Beds Tatrot Formation (India) Tatrot Beds Tatrot Formation (Pakistan)

The Tatrot Formation is a geological formation in Siwalik Hills of Northern India and Pakistan that date back to Late Miocene to Pliocene epochs.

Fossil content

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text
~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

Mammals

Eulipotypas

Eulipotyphlas from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Suncus	cf. S. murinus	Saketi Beds			A crocidurine soricid.

Rodents

Rodents from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Palaeomys	sp.	Saketi Beds			A castorid.
Miorhizomys	M. pilgrimi	Saketi Beds			A rhizomyine spalacid.
Rhizomyides	R. saketiensis	Saketi Beds			A rhizomyine spalacids.
	R. punjabiensis
	R. sivalensis
Mus	M. flynni	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Mus	M. jacobsi	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Hadromys	H. primitivus	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Hadromys	H. moginandensis	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Cremnomys	cf. C. cutchicus	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Bandicota	B. sivalensis	Saketi Bed			A murine murid.
Parapelomys	P. robertsi	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Parapelomys	cf. P. robertsi	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Golunda	G. tatroticus	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Dilatomys	D. moginandensis	Saketi Beds			A murine murid.
Protatera	cf. P. kabulense	Saketi Beds			A gerbilline murid.
Abudhabia	cf. A. kabulense	Saketi Beds			A gerbilline murid.

Lagomorphs

Lagomorphs from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Pliosiwalagus	P. whitei	Saketi Beds			A Leporid.

Proboscideans

Proboscideans from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Pentalophodon	P. khetpuraliensis	Saketi Beds			A gomphothere.
Anancus	A.? perimensis	Saketi Beds			A elephantoid proboscidean.
Anancus	A. sivalensis	Saketi Beds			A elephantoid proboscidean.
Stegodon	S. bombifrons	Tatrot Beds			A stegodontid proboscidean.
	S. insignis
	S. sp.	Saketi Beds
Elephas	E. planifrons	Saketi beds			A elephantid proboscidean.

Feliforms

Feliforms from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Saketoteron	S. tatroinse	Saketi Beds		Partial Mandibular Ramus.	A nimravine nimravid.
Metailurus	cf. M. hengduanshanensis	Tatrot Beds			A machairodontine felid.
Lycyaena	cf. L. dubia	Tatrot Beds			A hyaenid.

Caniforms

Caniforms from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Amblonyx	A. barryi	Tatrot Beds			A lutrine mustelid.
Enhydriodon	E. falconeri	Tatrot Beds, Saketi Beds			A enhydriodontin lutrine.

Perissodactyls

Perissodactyls from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Subchilotherium	S. intermedium	Saketi Beds			An aceratheriine rhinocerotid.
Hipparion	H. antilopinum	Saketi Beds			An hipparionin equine.
Cormohipparion	C. theobaldi	Saketi Beds			An hipparionin equine.

Artiodactyls

Artiodactyls from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Antilope	A. intermedia	Tatrot Beds			An antilopin antilopine.
Merycopotamus	M. dissimilis	Saketi Beds			A bothriodontine anthracotheriid.
Hippohyus	H. tatroti	Saketi Beds			A hyppohyn suine.
Proamphibos	P. kashmiricus	Saketi Beds, Tatrot Beds			A bovin bovine.
Probison	P. dehumi	Saketi Beds			A bovin bovine.
Camelus	C. sivalensis	Saketi beds		"partial mandibular ramus".	A camelin cameline. May only be restricted to Pinjor Formation.
Bovini	indet	Saketi beds			A bovin bovine.
Sivatherium	S. giganteum	Saketi beds			A sivatheriin giraffid.
Potamochoerus	P. sp	Saketi beds			A suin suid.
Leptobos	L. falconeri	Saketi beds			A bovin bovine.
Hexaprotodon	H. sivalensis	Saketi beds			A hippopotamid.

Reptiles

Crocodilians

Crocodilians from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
cf. Rhamphosuchus	cf. R. sp.	Saketi Beds			A gavialine gavialid.
Gavialis	G. leptodus	Saketi Beds			A gavialine gavialid.

Turtles

Turtles from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Pangshura	P. tatrotia	Tatrot Beds			A geoemydine geoemydid.

Birds

Birds from the Tatrot Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Pelecanus	P. sivalensis	Saketi beds		Tarsometatarsus	A pelecanid.
Anhinga	A. sp.	Saketi beds		Left Tarsometatarsus	A anhingid

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 "Tatrot Formation". indplex.geolex.org. Retrieved 2025-12-21.
↑ Kumar, S. (2026). "On the occurrence of Anancus sivalensis from the Tatrot Formation (Pliocene) of Upper Siwaliks of Indian subcontinent". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 28 (3) e20250539. doi:10.4072/rbp.2025.3.0539.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gaur, R.; Chopra, S. (22 March 1984). "Taphonomy, fauna, environment and ecology of Upper Siwaliks (Plio-Pleistocene) near Chandigarh, India". Nature. 308: 353–355. doi:10.1038/308353a0.
↑ Sankhyan, A. R.; Abbas, S. G.; Sehgal, R. K. (2025). "Stegodon sp. from a new Early Pliocene locality, Jadla Koeri, Una District of Himachal Pradesh, India". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie – Abhandlungen. 315 (1): 87–97. Bibcode:2025NJGPA.315...87S. doi:10.1127/njgpa/1267.
1 2 3 4 Jasinski, Steven E.; Abbas, Sayyed Ghyour; Mahmood, Khalid; Babar, Muhammad Adeeb; Khan, Muhammad Akbar (2022-10-16). "New Carnivoran (Mammalia: Carnivora) specimens from the Siwaliks of Pakistan and India and their faunal and evolutionary implications". Historical Biology. 35 (11): 2217–2252. doi:10.1080/08912963.2022.2138376.
↑ Khan, M. A.; Akhtar, M. (8 February 2014). "Antelopes (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Bovidae) from the Upper Siwaliks of Tatrot, Pakistan, with description of a new species". Paleontological Journal. 48 (1): 79–89. doi:10.1134/S0031030114010055. ISSN 0031-0301. Retrieved 3 June 2025 – via Springer Nature Link.
↑ Nanda, A. C. (April 1978). "Occurrence of Camelus Sivalensis Falconer and Cautley from the Tatrot formation of Ambala, India". Journal of Geological Society of India. 19 (4): 160–164. doi:10.17491/jgsi/1978/190404.
↑ Martin, J. E. (2019). "The taxonomic content of the genus Gavialis from the Siwalik Hills of India and Pakistan" (PDF). Papers in Palaeontology. 5 (3): 483–497. Bibcode:2019PPal....5..483M. doi:10.1002/spp2.1247. S2CID 134966832.
↑ Joyce, Walter G. & Lyson, Tyler R. (2010-08-04). "Pangshura tatrotia, a new species of pond turtle (Testudinoidea) from the Pliocene Siwaliks of Pakistan". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 8 (3): 449–458. Bibcode:2010JSPal...8..449J. doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.500879. S2CID 54803213.
↑ Stidham, T.; Krishna, K.; Singh, B.; Ghosh, A.; Patnaik, R. (2014). "A Pelican Tarsometatarsus (Aves: Pelecanidae) from the Latest Pliocene Siwaliks of India". PLoS ONE. 9 (11) e111210. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111210. PMC 4218845.
↑ Stidham, T.; Patnaik, R.; Krishan, K.; Singh, B.; Ghosh, A.; Singla, A.; Kotla, S. S. (2017). "The first darter (Aves: Anhingidae) fossils from India (late Pliocene)". PLoS ONE. 12 (5) e0177129. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177129. PMC 5443482.

[:0-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 "Tatrot Formation". indplex.geolex.org. Retrieved 2025-12-21.

[2] Kumar, S. (2026). "On the occurrence of Anancus sivalensis from the Tatrot Formation (Pliocene) of Upper Siwaliks of Indian subcontinent". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 28 (3) e20250539. doi:10.4072/rbp.2025.3.0539.

[Gaur-1984-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gaur, R.; Chopra, S. (22 March 1984). "Taphonomy, fauna, environment and ecology of Upper Siwaliks (Plio-Pleistocene) near Chandigarh, India". Nature. 308: 353–355. doi:10.1038/308353a0.

[4] Sankhyan, A. R.; Abbas, S. G.; Sehgal, R. K. (2025). "Stegodon sp. from a new Early Pliocene locality, Jadla Koeri, Una District of Himachal Pradesh, India". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie – Abhandlungen. 315 (1): 87–97. Bibcode:2025NJGPA.315...87S. doi:10.1127/njgpa/1267.

[:1-5] 1 2 3 4 Jasinski, Steven E.; Abbas, Sayyed Ghyour; Mahmood, Khalid; Babar, Muhammad Adeeb; Khan, Muhammad Akbar (2022-10-16). "New Carnivoran (Mammalia: Carnivora) specimens from the Siwaliks of Pakistan and India and their faunal and evolutionary implications". Historical Biology. 35 (11): 2217–2252. doi:10.1080/08912963.2022.2138376.

[6] Khan, M. A.; Akhtar, M. (8 February 2014). "Antelopes (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Bovidae) from the Upper Siwaliks of Tatrot, Pakistan, with description of a new species". Paleontological Journal. 48 (1): 79–89. doi:10.1134/S0031030114010055. ISSN 0031-0301. Retrieved 3 June 2025 – via Springer Nature Link.

[7] Nanda, A. C. (April 1978). "Occurrence of Camelus Sivalensis Falconer and Cautley from the Tatrot formation of Ambala, India". Journal of Geological Society of India. 19 (4): 160–164. doi:10.17491/jgsi/1978/190404.

[8] Martin, J. E. (2019). "The taxonomic content of the genus Gavialis from the Siwalik Hills of India and Pakistan" (PDF). Papers in Palaeontology. 5 (3): 483–497. Bibcode:2019PPal....5..483M. doi:10.1002/spp2.1247. S2CID 134966832.

[9] Joyce, Walter G. & Lyson, Tyler R. (2010-08-04). "Pangshura tatrotia, a new species of pond turtle (Testudinoidea) from the Pliocene Siwaliks of Pakistan". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 8 (3): 449–458. Bibcode:2010JSPal...8..449J. doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.500879. S2CID 54803213.

[10] Stidham, T.; Krishna, K.; Singh, B.; Ghosh, A.; Patnaik, R. (2014). "A Pelican Tarsometatarsus (Aves: Pelecanidae) from the Latest Pliocene Siwaliks of India". PLoS ONE. 9 (11) e111210. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111210. PMC 4218845.

[11] Stidham, T.; Patnaik, R.; Krishan, K.; Singh, B.; Ghosh, A.; Singla, A.; Kotla, S. S. (2017). "The first darter (Aves: Anhingidae) fossils from India (late Pliocene)". PLoS ONE. 12 (5) e0177129. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177129. PMC 5443482.