123Brauer, F.; Bergenstamm, J. E. von (1893). Die Zweiflugler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien, VI. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyidae). Vol.Pars III. F. Tempsky, Wien. p.152.
↑Rondani, C. (1861). "De genere Dipterorum Neera Desv: Italicis addendes. Nota X.". Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano (1859-60). 2: 183–187, 1 pl.
↑Guimarães, J. H. (1971). Family Tachinidae (Larvaevoridae). A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Vol.104. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. p.13.
↑Sack, P. (1923). Dipteren aus Nowaja Semlja. In: Holtedahl, O., ed., Report of the scientific results of the Norwegian Expedition to Novaya Zemlya 1921. Vol.15. Oslo. pp.10 pp.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑Bigot, J.M.F. (1888). Diptères [sect. v.]. In Ministeres de la Marine et de l'Instruction Publique, Mission scientifique du Cap Horn. 1882-1883. Tome VI. Zoologie. Insectes. Paris: Gauthier-Villars et Fils. pp.1–45, pls. 1-4.
↑Wulp, F.M. van der (1890). Fam. Muscidae. Pp. 57-88. [Cont.] In: Godman, F.D. and Salvin, O., eds., Biologia Centrali-Americana, or, contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Diptera. Vol. II. [1888–1903.] London: Taylor & Francis. pp.489 pp + 13 pls.
↑Thompson, W.R. (1963). "The tachinids of Trinidad. II. Echinomyiines, dexiines, and allies". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 41: 335–576. doi:10.1139/z63-029.