November 22
November 22 this yearin various calendars Akan Kurukwasi Armenian 5 Kʿaloch 1476 Aztec Tlacaxipehualiztli 11, 5 Cuetzpalin Babylonian 11 Arakhsamna, 2337 SE Balinese pawukon Menga, Pasah, Laba, Pon, Paniron, Redite of Kulantir, Brahma, Dangu, Suka Bengali 7 Ogrohayon , BS 1433 Chinese Yang Metal Rat ・Emptiness Mansion Fire Horse Year, Month 10 , Day 14Xiaoxue , 15 days until Daxue )Common Era 22 November 2026 CE Coptic 13 Hathor , AM 1743Egyptian 10 Pharmuthi , 2775 NE Ethiopian 13 H̱edār, 2019 Amätä Məhrät French Republican Décade I, Primidi de Frimaire de l'Année 235 de la République Gregorian 22 November , AD 2026 Hebrew 12 Kislev , AM 5787 Hindu Aśvinī ・Siddhi Mārgaśīrṣa , 1948 SE Trayodaśī , Śukla pakṣa of Kārtika , 2083 VE Rāudra ・5127 KY ・1,872,901 Icelandic Sunnudagur, 30 Gormánuður 2026 Islamic 11 Jumada al-thani , AH 1448tabular method ) ISO week date 2026-W47-7 Japanese 14 Kannazuki , Reiwa 8Shōsetsu , 15 days until Taisetsu ) Julian 9 November , AD 2026 (AM 7535)Julian day 2461367 Korean 14 Dwaejidal , 4359 DE Maya 13.0.14.2.4 17 Ceh , 5 Kan Roman ante diem V Idus Novembres , MMDCCLXXIX AUC Solar Hijri 1 Azar , SH 1405 Tibetan 13 smin drug, me pho rta
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Day of the year
November 22 is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 39 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
1908 – The Congress of Manastir establishes the Albanian alphabet .1921 – During The Troubles in Ulster (1920–1922) , 15 Irish Nationalists are killed in Belfast in one day.1935 – The China Clipper Alameda, California with Manila .1940 – World War II : Following the initial Italian invasion , Greek troops counterattack into Italian-occupied Albania and capture Korytsa .1942 – World War II: Battle of Stalingrad : General Friedrich Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram saying that the German 6th Army is surrounded.1943 – World War II: Cairo Conference : U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt , British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , and Chinese Premier Chiang Kai-shek meet in Cairo , Egypt, to discuss ways to defeat Japan.1943 – Lebanon gains independence from France, nearly two years after it was first announced by the Free French government.
1952 – A Douglas C-124 Globemaster II crashes into Mount Gannet , Alaska, killing all 52 aboard.1955 – The Soviet Union launches RDS-37 , a 1.6 megaton two stage hydrogen bomb designed by Andrei Sakharov . The bomb was dropped over Semipalatinsk .1963 – U.S. President John F. Kennedy is assassinated and Texas Governor John Connally is seriously wounded by Lee Harvey Oswald , who also kills Dallas Police officer J. D. Tippit after fleeing the scene. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in as the 36th President of the United States afterwards.1963 – Five Indian generals are killed in a helicopter crash , due to collision with two parallel lines of telegraph cables.
1967 – UN Security Council Resolution 242 is adopted, establishing a set of the principles aimed at guiding negotiations for an Arab –Israeli peace settlement.1968 – Japan Air Lines Flight 2 accidentally ditches in San Francisco Bay while on approach to San Francisco International Airport . No one is injured.1971 – In Britain's worst mountaineering tragedy, the Cairngorm Plateau Disaster , five children and one of their leaders are found dead from exposure in the Scottish mountains.1975 – Juan Carlos is declared King of Spain following the death of Francisco Franco two days earlier.1987 – The Max Headroom signal hijacking incident takes place, in which a pirate broadcast interrupts television broadcasts in Chicago .1989 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-33 , a classified mission for the United States Department of Defense .1990 – British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher withdraws from the Conservative Party leadership election , confirming the end of her Premiership .1994 – A Trans World Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and Cessna 441 Conquest II aircraft collide on the runway at St. Louis Lambert International Airport in Bridgeton, Missouri , killing two people and injuring eight.2003 – Baghdad DHL attempted shootdown incident : Shortly after takeoff, a DHL Express cargo plane is struck on the left wing by a surface-to-air missile and forced to land.2004 – The Orange Revolution begins in Ukraine , resulting from the presidential elections.2010 – During the Cambodian water festival , a stampede in Koh Pich , Phnom Penh , kills 347 people.2014 – While playing with a toy gun in Cleveland, 12-year-old African American Tamir Rice is killed by a white police officer.2022 – A shooting at a Walmart in Chesapeake, Virginia leaves seven workers dead, including the shooter, and four others injured.Births
Pre-1600
1428 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick , English nobleman, known as "the Kingmaker" (died 1471)1515 – Mary of Guise , Queen of Scots (died 1560)1519 – Johannes Crato von Krafftheim , German humanist and physician (died 1585)1533 – Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara , Italian noble (died 1597)1564 – Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham , English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Kent (died 1619)1602 – Elisabeth of France (died 1644)1635 – Francis Willughby , English ornithologist and ichthyologist (died 1672)1643 – René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle , French explorer (died 1687)1690 – François Colin de Blamont , French composer (died 1760)1698 – Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial , Canadian-American politician, Governor of Louisiana (died 1778)1710 – Wilhelm Friedemann Bach , German composer (died 1784)1728 – Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden (died 1811)1744 – Abigail Adams , American wife of John Adams , 2nd First Lady of the United States (died 1818)1780 – Conradin Kreutzer , German composer (died 1849)1780 – José Cecilio del Valle , Honduran journalist, lawyer, and politician, Foreign Minister of Mexico (died 1834)
1787 – Rasmus Rask , Danish linguist, philologist, and scholar (died 1832)1808 – Thomas Cook , English businessman, founded Thomas Cook Group (died 1892)1819 – George Eliot , English novelist and poet (died 1880)1820 – Katherine Plunket , Irish supercentenarian (died 1932)1849 – Christian Rohlfs , German painter and printmaker (died 1938)1852 – Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant , French politician and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1924)1857 – George Gissing , English novelist (died 1903)1859 – Cecil Sharp , English folk song scholar (died 1924)1861 – Ranavalona III of Madagascar (died 1917)1861 – Cyrus Edwin Dallin , American sculptor (died 1944)1868 – John Nance Garner , American politician, 32nd Vice President of the United States (died 1967)1869 – André Gide , French novelist, essayist, and dramatist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1951)1870 – Howard Brockway , American composer (died 1951)1870 – Harry Graham , Australian cricketer (died 1911)
1873 – Leo Amery , Indian-English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (died 1955)1873 – Johnny Tyldesley , English cricketer (died 1930)
1876 – Emil Beyer , American gymnast and triathlete (died 1934)1877 – Endre Ady , Hungarian journalist and poet (died 1919)1877 – Joan Gamper , Swiss-Spanish footballer, founded FC Barcelona (died 1930)
1881 – Enver Pasha , Ottoman general and politician (died 1922)1884 – C. J. "Jack" De Garis , Australian entrepreneur (died 1926)1890 – Charles de Gaulle , French general and politician, President of France (died 1970)1890 – Harry Pollitt , British politician and trade unionist, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Great Britain (died 1960)
1891 – Edward Bernays , American publicist (died 1995)1893 – Harley Earl , American industrial designer (died 1969)1893 – Lazar Kaganovich , Soviet politician (died 1991)
1898 – Wiley Post , American pilot (died 1935)1899 – Hoagy Carmichael , American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (died 1981)1901 – Béla Juhos , Hungarian-Austrian philosopher from the Vienna Circle (died 1971)1901 – Joaquín Rodrigo , Spanish pianist and composer (died 1999)
1902 – Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque , French general (died 1947)1902 – Emanuel Feuermann , Austrian-American cellist (died 1942)
1904 – Miguel Covarrubias , Mexican painter and illustrator (died 1957)1904 – Louis Néel , French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2000)
1904 – Fumio Niwa , Japanese author (died 2005)
1906 – Jørgen Juve , Norwegian football player and journalist (died 1983)1910 – Mary Jackson , American actress (died 2005)1911 – Ralph Guldahl , American golfer (died 1987)1912 – Doris Duke , American heiress and philanthropist (died 1993)1913 – Benjamin Britten , English pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1976)1913 – Gardnar Mulloy , American tennis player (died 2016)
1914 – Peter Townsend , British captain and pilot (died 1995)1915 – Oswald Morris , British cinematographer (died 2014)1917 – Jon Cleary , Australian author and playwright (died 2010)1917 – Andrew Huxley , English physiologist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2012)
1917 – Mick Shann , Australian diplomat (died 1988)
1918 – Claiborne Pell , American politician (died 2009)1919 – Máire Drumm , Irish politician (died 1976)1920 – Anne Crawford , British actress (died 1956)1920 – Baidyanath Misra , Indian economist (died 2019)
1921 – Brian Cleeve , Irish writer and broadcaster (died 2003)1921 – Rodney Dangerfield , American comedian, actor, rapper, and screenwriter (died 2004)
1922 – Eugene Stoner , American engineer and weapons designer, designed the AR-15 rifle (died 1997)1923 – Dennis Wrong , Canadian-born American sociologist (2018)1923 – Arthur Hiller , Canadian-American director (died 2016)1923 – Dika Newlin , American composer and singer (died 2006)
1924 – Les Johnson , Australian politician (died 2015)1924 – Geraldine Page , American actress and singer (died 1987)
1925 – Jerrie Mock , American pilot (died 2014)1925 – Gunther Schuller , American horn player, composer, and conductor (died 2015)
1926 – Lew Burdette , American baseball player and coach (died 2007)1927 – Steven Muller , American academic administrator (died 2013)1928 – Tim Beaumont , English priest and politician (died 2008)1928 – Mel Hutchins , American basketball player (died 2018)
1929 – Staughton Lynd , American lawyer, historian, author, and activist (died 2022)1930 – Peter Hall , English director (died 2017)1930 – Peter Hurford , English organist and composer (died 2019)
1931 – Alison Palmer , American priest and diplomat1932 – Robert Vaughn , American actor and director (died 2016)1933 – Merv Lincoln , Australian Olympic athlete (died 2016)1934 – Rita Sakellariou , Greek singer (died 1999)1935 – Ludmila Belousova , Soviet ice skater (died 2017)1936 – John Bird , English actor, writer and satirist (died 2022)1937 – Zenon Jankowski , Polish pilot and military officer1937 – Nikolai Kapustin , Soviet pianist and composer (died 2020)
1938 – John Eleuthère du Pont , American convicted murderer (died 2010)1939 – Tom West , American technologist (died 2011)1939 – Mulayam Singh Yadav , Indian politician, Indian Minister of Defence (died 2022)
1940 – Terry Gilliam , American-English actor, director, animator, and screenwriter1940 – Roy Thomas , American author
1940 – Andrzej Żuławski , Polish director and screenwriter (died 2016)
1941 – Tom Conti , Scottish actor and director1941 – Jacques Laperrière , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1941 – Terry Stafford , American singer-songwriter (died 1996)
1941 – Jesse Colin Young , American singer-songwriter and bass player (died 2025)
1942 – Guion Bluford , American astronaut1942 – Floyd Sneed , Canadian drummer (died 2023)
1943 – Yvan Cournoyer , Canadian ice hockey player1943 – Billie Jean King , American tennis player
1943 – Mushtaq Mohammad , Pakistani cricketer
1945 – Buzz Potamkin , American director and producer, founded Buzzco Associates (died 2012)1945 – Kari Tapio , Finnish singer (died 2010)
1946 – Gary Hilton , American serial killer1947 – Sandy Alderson , American baseball executive1947 – Rod Price , English guitarist and songwriter (died 2005)
1947 – Nevio Scala , Italian footballer and manager
1947 – Salt Walther , American race car driver (died 2012)
1947 – Valerie Wilson Wesley , American journalist and author
1948 – Radomir Antić , Serbian footballer and manager (died 2020)1948 – Saroj Khan , Indian dance choreographer, known as "The Mother of Dance/Choreography in India" (died 2020)
1948 – Mick Rock , English photographer (died 2021)
1949 – Richard Carmona , American physician and politician, Surgeon General of the United States 1950 – Lyman Bostock , American baseball player (died 1978)1950 – Jim Jefferies , Scottish footballer and manager
1950 – Steven Van Zandt , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
1950 – Tina Weymouth , American singer-songwriter and bass player
1951 – Kent Nagano , American conductor1953 – Wayne Larkins , English cricketer1954 – Denise Epoté , Cameroonian journalist at the head of the Africa management of TV5 Monde 1954 – Paolo Gentiloni , Italian politician, Prime Minister of Italy
1954 – Carol Tomcala , Australian sports shooter
1955 – George Alagiah , British journalist (died 2023)1955 – James Edwards , American basketball player
1956 – Lawrence Gowan , Scottish-Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player1956 – Richard Kind , American actor
1957 – Donny Deutsch , American businessman and television host1957 – Alan Stern , American engineer and planetary scientist
1958 – Jamie Lee Curtis , American actress1958 – Lee Guetterman , American baseball player
1958 – Ibrahim Ismail of Johor , Sultan of Johor and the 17th and current Yang Di Pertuan Agong or the King of Malaysia
1958 – Jason Ringenberg , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1959 – Frank McAvennie , Scottish footballer1959 – Fabio Parra , Colombian cyclist
1960 – Leos Carax , French actor, director, and screenwriter1961 – Mariel Hemingway , American actress1961 – Stephen Hough , English-Australian pianist and composer
1962 – Sumi Jo , South Korean soprano1962 – Victor Pelevin , Russian author
1963 – Hugh Millen , American football player1963 – Tony Mowbray , English footballer and manager
1963 – Kennedy Polamalu , Samoan-American football player and coach
1963 – Brian Robbins , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1964 – Apetor , Norwegian YouTuber (died 2021)1964 – Benoit Benjamin , American basketball player
1964 – Stephen Geoffreys , American actor
1964 – Robbie Slater , English-Australian footballer and sportscaster
1965 – Valeriya Gansvind , Estonian chess player1965 – Olga Kisseleva , Russian artist
1965 – Mads Mikkelsen , Danish actor
1966 – Mark Pritchard , English politician1966 – Nicholas Rowe , British actor
1966 – Michael K. Williams , American actor (died 2021)
1967 – Boris Becker , German tennis player1967 – Tom Elliott , Australian investment banker
1967 – Mark Ruffalo , American actor
1967 – Bart Veldkamp , Dutch-Belgian speed skater and coach
1968 – Daedra Charles , American basketball player and coach (died 2018)1968 – Sidse Babett Knudsen , Danish actress
1969 – Byron Houston , American basketball player1969 – Marjane Satrapi , Iranian author and illustrator (died 2026)
1970 – Marvan Atapattu , Sri Lankan cricketer1970 – Chris Fryar , American drummer
1970 – Stel Pavlou , English author and screenwriter
1971 – Cath Bishop , English rower1971 – Kyran Bracken , Irish-English rugby player
1972 – Olivier Brouzet , French rugby player1972 – Russell Hoult , English footballer
1972 – Jay Payton , American baseball player
1973 – Sharin Foo , Danish musician and singer1973 – Andrew Walker , Australian rugby player
1974 – Joe Nathan , American baseball player1974 – David Pelletier , Canadian figure skater and coach
1976 – Adrian Bakalli , Belgian footballer1976 – Torsten Frings , German footballer and coach
1976 – Regina Halmich , German boxer
1976 – Ville Valo , Finnish singer-songwriter
1977 – Kerem Gönlüm , Turkish basketball player1978 – Colin Best , Australian rugby league player1979 – Christian Terlizzi , Italian footballer1980 – David Artell , English footballer and coach1980 – Shawn Fanning , American computer programmer and businessman, founded Napster
1980 – Yaroslav Rybakov , Russian high jumper
1981 – Pape Sow , Senegalese basketball player1982 – Xavier Doherty , Australian cricketer1982 – Derrick Johnson , American football player
1982 – Yakubu , Nigerian footballer
1983 – Tyler Hilton , American actor and singer-songwriter1983 – Peter Ramage , English footballer
1984 – Scarlett Johansson , American actress1985 – Asamoah Gyan , Ghanaian footballer1985 – Dieumerci Mbokani , Congolese footballer
1985 – Mandy Minella , Luxembourgian tennis player
1985 – Adam Ottavino , American baseball player
1985 – James Roby , English rugby league player
1986 – Oscar Pistorius , South African sprinter and convicted murderer1987 – Martti Aljand , Estonian swimmer1987 – Elias , American wrestler
1987 – Marouane Fellaini , Belgian footballer
1988 – Jamie Campbell Bower , English actor, singer, and model1988 – Drew Pomeranz , American baseball player
1988 – Austin Romine , American baseball player
1989 – Alden Ehrenreich , American actor1989 – Candice Glover , American singer
1989 – Chris Smalling , English footballer
1989 – Gabriel Torje , Romanian footballer
1990 – Brock Osweiler , American football player1990 – Jang Dong-woo , South Korean singer and actor
1991 – Tarik Black , American basketball player1991 – Gab Pangilinan , Filipino actress and singer
1992 – Natalie Achonwa , Canadian basketball player1992 – Carles Gil , Spanish footballer
1992 – Vladislav Namestnikov , Russian ice hockey player
1994 – Samantha Bricio , Mexican volleyball player1994 – Dacre Montgomery , Australian actor
1994 – Nicolás Stefanelli , Argentine footballer
1994 – Keiji Tanaka , Japanese figure skater
1995 – Katherine McNamara , American actress1996 – Hailey Bieber , American model1996 – Mackenzie Lintz , American actress
1996 – JuJu Smith-Schuster , American football player
1996 – Woozi , South Korean singer, songwriter, record producer, member of boy band Seventeen
1999 – Trey McBride , American football player1999 – Dwight McNeil , English footballer
2000 – Auliʻi Cravalho , American actress and singer2001 – Chenle , Chinese singer2002 – Brandon Miller , American basketball player2002 – Owen Power , Canadian ice hockey player Deaths
1617 – Ahmed I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Caliph of Islam (born 1590)1694 – John Tillotson , English archbishop (born 1630)1697 – Libéral Bruant , French architect and academic, designed Les Invalides (born c. 1635)1718 – Blackbeard , English pirate (born 1680)1758 – Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe , English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall (born 1680)1774 – Robert Clive , English general, politician and first British governor of Bengal (born 1725)1813 – Johann Christian Reil , German physician, physiologist, and anatomist (born 1759)1819 – John Stackhouse , English botanist (born 1742)1871 – Oscar James Dunn , African American activist and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana 1868-1871 (born 1826)1875 – Henry Wilson , American politician, 18th Vice President of the United States (born 1812)1886 – Mary Boykin Chesnut , American author (born 1823)1896 – George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. , American engineer, invented the Ferris wheel (born 1859)1900 – Arthur Sullivan , English composer (born 1842)1902 – Walter Reed , American physician and entomologist (born 1851)1913 – Tokugawa Yoshinobu , Japanese shōgun (born 1837)1916 – Jack London , American novelist and journalist (born 1876)1919 – Francisco Moreno , Argentinian explorer and academic (born 1852)1921 – Edward J. Adams , American serial/spree killer and bank robber (born 1887)1923 – Andy O'Sullivan , Irish Republican died in the 1923 Irish hunger strikes 1941 – Werner Mölders , German colonel and pilot (born 1913)1943 – Lorenz Hart , American composer (born 1895)1944 – Arthur Eddington , English astrophysicist and astronomer (born 1882)1946 – Otto Georg Thierack , German jurist and politician, German Minister of Justice (born 1889)1955 – Shemp Howard , American actor and comedian (born 1895)1956 – Theodore Kosloff , Russian-American actor, ballet dancer, and choreographer (born 1882)1963 – Aldous Huxley , English novelist and philosopher (born 1894)1963 – John F. Kennedy , American politician, 35th President of the United States (born 1917)
1963 – C. S. Lewis , British writer, literary scholar, and Anglican lay theologian (born 1898)
1963 – J. D. Tippit , American police officer (born 1924)
1966 – Herbert Wilkinson Ayre , English footballer (born 1882)1966 – Émile Drain , French actor (born 1890)1980 – Jules Léger , Canadian journalist and politician, Governor General of Canada (born 1913)1980 – Norah McGuinness , Irish painter and illustrator (born 1901)
1980 – Mae West , American stage and film actress (born 1893)
1981 – Hans Adolf Krebs , German-English physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1900)1986 – Scatman Crothers , American actor and comedian (born 1910)1988 – Luis Barragán , Mexican architect and engineer (born 1902)1989 – René Moawad , Lebanese lawyer and politician, 13th President of Lebanon (born 1925)1991 – Tadashi Imai , Japanese director (born 1912)1992 – Sterling Holloway , American actor (born 1905)1993 – Anthony Burgess , English novelist, playwright, and critic (born 1917)1993 – Tatiana Petrovna Nikolayeva , Soviet pianist, composer, and teacher (born 1924)1996 – Terence Donovan , English photographer and director (born 1936)1997 – Michael Hutchence , Australian singer-songwriter (born 1960)1998 – Stu Ungar , American poker player (born 1953)2000 – Christian Marquand , French actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1927)2001 – Mary Kay Ash , American businesswoman, founded Mary Kay, Inc. (born 1918)2001 – Theo Barker , English historian and academic (born 1923)
2001 – Norman Granz , American record producer, founded Verve Records (born 1918)
2002 – Parley Baer , American actor (born 1914)2002 – Rafał Gan-Ganowicz , Polish mercenary and journalist (born 1932)
2005 – Bruce Hobbs , American jockey and trainer (born 1920)2006 – Asima Chatterjee , Indian chemist (born 1917)2006 – Pat Dobson , American baseball player and coach (born 1942)
2007 – Maurice Béjart , French-Swiss dancer, choreographer, and director (born 1927)2007 – Verity Lambert , English television producer (born 1935)
2010 – Jean Cione , American baseball player (born 1928)2010 – Frank Fenner , Australian virologist and microbiologist (born 1914)
2011 – Svetlana Alliluyeva , Russian-American author (born 1926)2011 – Sena Jurinac , Bosnian-Austrian soprano (born 1921)
2011 – Lynn Margulis , American biologist and academic (born 1938)
2011 – Paul Motian , American drummer and composer (born 1931)
2012 – Bryce Courtenay , South African-Australian author (born 1933)2013 – Tom Gilmartin , Irish businessman (born 1935)2013 – Georges Lautner , French director and screenwriter (born 1926)
2013 – Alec Reid , Irish priest and activist (born 1931)
2015 – Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury , Bangladeshi politician (born 1949)2015 – Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed , Bangladeshi politician (born 1948)
2015 – Kim Young-sam , South Korean soldier and politician, President of South Korea (born 1927)
2016 – M. Balamuralikrishna , Indian vocalist and singer (born 1930)2017 – George Avakian , American music producer (born 1919)2017 – Dmitri Hvorostovsky , Russian operatic baritone (born 1962)
2017 – Tommy Keene , American singer-songwriter (born 1958)
2020 – Otto Hutter , Austrian-born British physiologist (born 1924)2022 – John Y. Brown Jr. , American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 55th Governor of Kentucky (born 1933)2022 – Raşit Küçük , Turkish Islamicist (born 1947)
2024 – Serge Vohor , Vanuatuan politician, 4th Prime Minister of Vanuatu (born 1955)