Isotopen van iridium
Het chemisch element iridium (Ir), met een atoommassa van 192,217(3) u, bezit 2 stabiele isotopen: 191Ir en 193Ir, waarvan de laatste het meest voorkomt (ongeveer 62,7%). De 33 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van iridium is 162Ir, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 1,87 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 192Ir, met een halfwaardetijd van 73,83 dagen. Iridium-192 is een sterke gammastraler en wordt bij onder andere radiotherapie ingezet.
Overzicht
| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
| 164Ir | 77 | 87 | 163,99220(44) | 1 ms | 2− | ||||
| 164mIr | 270(110) keV | 94(27) µs | 9+ | ||||||
| 165Ir | 77 | 88 | 164,98752(23) | < 1 µs | p | 164Os | 1/2+ | ||
| α (zelden) | 161Re | ||||||||
| 165mIr | 180(50) keV | 300(60) µs | p (87%) | 164Os | 11/2− | ||||
| α (13%) | 161Re | ||||||||
| 166Ir | 77 | 89 | 165,98582(22) | 10,5(22) ms | α (93%) | 162Re | (2−) | ||
| p (7%) | 165Os | ||||||||
| 166mIr | 172(6) keV | 15,1(9) ms | α (98,2%) | 162Re | (9+) | ||||
| p (1,8%) | 165Os | ||||||||
| 167Ir | 77 | 90 | 166,981665(20) | 35,2(20) ms | α (48%) | 163Re | 1/2+ | ||
| p (32%) | 166Os | ||||||||
| β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
| 167mIr | 175,3(22) keV | 30,0(6) ms | α (80%) | 163Re | 11/2− | ||||
| β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
| p (0,4%) | 166Os | ||||||||
| 168Ir | 77 | 91 | 167,97988(16) | 161(21) ms | α | 164Re | |||
| β+ (zelden) | 168Os | ||||||||
| 168mIr | 50(100) keV | 125(40) ms | α | 164Re | |||||
| 169Ir | 77 | 92 | 168,976295(28) | 780(360) ms | α | 165Re | 1/2+ | ||
| β+ (zelden) | 169Os | ||||||||
| 169mIr | 154(24) keV | 308(22) ms | α (72%) | 165Re | 11/2− | ||||
| β+ (28%) | 169Os | ||||||||
| 170Ir | 77 | 93 | 169,97497(11) | 910(150) ms | β+ (64%) | 170Os | |||
| α (36%) | 166Re | ||||||||
| 170mIr | 270(70) keV | 440(60) ms | |||||||
| 171Ir | 77 | 94 | 170,97163(4) | 3,6(10) s | α (58%) | 167Re | 1/2+ | ||
| β+ (42%) | 171Os | ||||||||
| 171mIr | 180(30) keV | 1,40(10) s | (11/2−) | ||||||
| 172Ir | 77 | 95 | 171,97046(11) | 4,4(3) s | β+ (98%) | 172Os | (3+) | ||
| α (2%) | 168Re | ||||||||
| 172mIr | 280(100) keV | 2,0(1) s | β+ (77%) | 172Os | (7+) | ||||
| α (23%) | 168Re | ||||||||
| 173Ir | 77 | 96 | 172,967502(15) | 9,0(8) s | β+ (93%) | 173Os | (3/2+, 5/2+) | ||
| α (7%) | 169Re | ||||||||
| 173mIr | 253(27) keV | 2,20(5) s | β+ (88%) | 173Os | (11/2−) | ||||
| α (12%) | 169Re | ||||||||
| 174Ir | 77 | 97 | 173,966861(30) | 7,9(6) s | β+ (99,5%) | 174Os | (3+) | ||
| α (0,5%) | 170Re | ||||||||
| 174mIr | 193(11) keV | 4,9(3) s | β+ (99,53%) | 174Os | (7+) | ||||
| α (0,47%) | 170Re | ||||||||
| 175Ir | 77 | 98 | 174,964113(21) | 9(2) s | β+ (99,15%) | 175Os | (5/2−) | ||
| α (0,85%) | 171Re | ||||||||
| 176Ir | 77 | 99 | 175,963649(22) | 8,3(6) s | β+ (97,9%) | 176Os | |||
| α (2,1%) | 172Re | ||||||||
| 177Ir | 77 | 100 | 176,961302(21) | 30(2) s | β+ (99,94%) | 177Os | 5/2− | ||
| α (0,06%) | 173Re | ||||||||
| 178Ir | 77 | 101 | 177,961082(21) | 12(2) s | β+ | 178Os | |||
| 179Ir | 77 | 102 | 178,959122(12) | 79(1) s | β+ | 179Os | (5/2)− | ||
| 180Ir | 77 | 103 | 179,959229(23) | 1,5(1) min | β+ | 180Os | (4, 5)+ | ||
| 181Ir | 77 | 104 | 180,957625(28) | 4,90(15) min | β+ | 181Os | 5/2− | ||
| 182Ir | 77 | 105 | 181,958076(23) | 15(1) min | β+ | 182Os | (3+) | ||
| 183Ir | 77 | 106 | 182,956846(27) | 57(4) min | β+ ( 99,95%) | 183Os | 5/2− | ||
| α (0,05%) | 179Re | ||||||||
| 184Ir | 77 | 107 | 183,95748(3) | 3,09(3) uur | β+ | 184Os | 5− | ||
| 184m1Ir | 225,65(11) keV | 470(30) µs | 3+ | ||||||
| 184m2Ir | 328,40(24) keV | 350(90) ns | 7+ | ||||||
| 185Ir | 77 | 108 | 184,95670(3) | 14,4(1) uur | β+ | 185Os | 5/2− | ||
| 186Ir | 77 | 109 | 185,957946(18) | 16,64(3) uur | β+ | 186Os | 5+ | ||
| 186mIr | 0,8(4) keV | 1,92(5) uur | β+ | 186Os | 2− | ||||
| IT (zelden) | 186Ir | ||||||||
| 187Ir | 77 | 110 | 186,957363(7) | 10,5(3) uur | β+ | 187Os | 3/2+ | ||
| 187m1Ir | 186,15(4) keV | 30,3(6) ms | IT | 187Ir | 9/2− | ||||
| 187m2Ir | 433,81(9) keV | 152(12) ns | 11/2− | ||||||
| 188Ir | 77 | 111 | 187,958853(8) | 41,5(5) uur | β+ | 188Os | 1− | ||
| 188mIr | 970(30) keV | 4,2(2) ms | IT | 188Ir | 7+ | ||||
| β+ (rare) | 188Os | ||||||||
| 189Ir | 77 | 112 | 188,958719(14) | 13,2(1) dagen | EV | 189Os | 3/2+ | ||
| 189m1Ir | 372,18(4) keV | 13,3(3) ms | IT | 189Ir | 11/2− | ||||
| 189m2Ir | 2333,3(4) keV | 3,7(2) ms | 25/2+ | ||||||
| 190Ir | 77 | 113 | 189,9605460(18) | 11,78(10) dagen | β+ | 190Os | 4− | ||
| 190m1Ir | 26,1(1) keV | 1,120(3) uur | IT | 190Ir | (1−) | ||||
| 190m2Ir | 36,154(25) keV | > 2 µs | 4+ | ||||||
| 190m3Ir | 376,4(1) keV | 3,087(12) uur | 11− | ||||||
| 191Ir | 77 | 114 | 190,9605940(18) | stabiel | 3/2+ | 0,373(2) | |||
| 191m1Ir | 171,24(5) keV | 4,94(3) s | IT | 191Ir | 11/2− | ||||
| 191m2Ir | 2120(40) keV | 5,5(7) s | |||||||
| 192Ir | 77 | 115 | 191,9626050(18) | 73,827(13) dagen | β− (95,24%) | 192Pt | 4+ | ||
| EV (4,76%) | 192Os | ||||||||
| 192m1Ir | 56,720(5) keV | 1,45(5) min | 1− | ||||||
| 192m2Ir | 168,14(12) keV | 241(9) jaar | (11−) | ||||||
| 193Ir | 77 | 116 | 192,9629264(18) | stabiel | 3/2+ | 0,627(2) | |||
| 193mIr | 80,240(6) keV | 10,53(4) dagen | IT | 193Ir | 11/2− | ||||
| 194Ir | 77 | 117 | 193,9650784(18) | 19,28(13) uur | β− | 194Pt | 1− | ||
| 194m1Ir | 147,078(5) keV | 31,85(24) ms | IT | 194Ir | (4+) | ||||
| 194m2Ir | 370(70) keV | 171(11) dagen | (10,11)− | ||||||
| 195Ir | 77 | 118 | 194,9659796(18) | 2,5(2) uur | β− | 195Pt | 3/2+ | ||
| 195mIr | 100(5) keV | 3,8(2) uur | β− (95%) | 195Pt | 11/2− | ||||
| IT (5%) | 195Ir | ||||||||
| 196Ir | 77 | 119 | 195,96840(4) | 52(1) s | β− | 196Pt | (0−) | ||
| 196mIr | 210(40) keV | 1,40(2) uur | β− (99,7%) | 196Pt | (10, 11−) | ||||
| IT | 196Ir | ||||||||
| 197Ir | 77 | 120 | 196,969653(22) | 5,8(5) min | β− | 197Pt | 3/2+ | ||
| 197mIr | 115(5) keV | 8,9(3) min | β− (99,75%) | 197Pt | 11/2− | ||||
| IT (0,25%) | 197Ir | ||||||||
| 198Ir | 77 | 121 | 197,97228(21) | 8(1) s | β− | 198Pt | |||
| 199Ir | 77 | 122 | 198,97380(4) | 20 s | β− | 199Pt | 3/2+ | ||
Overzicht van isotopen per element
| 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
| 2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
| 3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
| 4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| 5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
| 6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
| 7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
| Lanthanoïden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Actinoïden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
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