Eleutherodactylus

Eleutherodactylus; Temporal range: Early Oligocene to present, 29–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Eleutherodactylus mimus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Eleutherodactylidae
Subfamily:	Eleutherodactylinae
Genus:	Eleutherodactylus; Duméril and Bibron, 1841
Species
	Many, see text.
Synonyms
	Euhyas Fitzinger, 1843; Epirhexis Cope, 1866 (Suppressed); Syrrhophus Cope, 1878; Malachylodes Cope, 1879; Syrrhopus Boulenger, 1888 (Missp.); Syrrhaphus Günther, 1900 (Missp.); Tomodactylus Günther, 1900; Sminthillus Barbour & Noble, 1920; Ladailadne Dubois, 1987; Pelorius Hedges, 1989; Schwartzius Hedges, Duellman, & Heinicke, 2008;

Eleutherodactylus is a genus of frogs in the Eleutherodactylidae family. There are 185 species of Eleutherodactylus. Many of them are commonly called "rain frogs" or "robber frogs". This is because of their sharp, high-pitched, and insect-like calls.

The common coquí (Eleutherodactylus coqui) is the best known species. They are a national symbol of Puerto Rico. They are also an invasive species in the US state of Hawaii. Two Eleutherodactylus species, E. limbatus and E. iberia, belong to the smallest known frogs. They measure only 8½ mm in length.

Species

These species are in the genus Eleutherodactylus:

Eleutherodactylus aporostegus Schwartz, 1965
Eleutherodactylus bothroboans Schwartz, 1965
Eleutherodactylus campi (Stejneger, 1915)
Eleutherodactylus counouspeus Schwartz, 1964
Eleutherodactylus diplasius Schwartz, 1973
Eleutherodactylus erythroproctus Schwartz, 1960
Eleutherodactylus feichtingeri Díaz, Hedges, and Schmid, 2012
Eleutherodactylus limbensis Lynn, 1958
Eleutherodactylus melatrigonum Schwartz, 1966
Eleutherodactylus notidodes Schwartz, 1966
Eleutherodactylus olibrus Schwartz, 1958
Eleutherodactylus orarius (Dixon, 1957)
Eleutherodactylus paralius Schwartz, 1976
Eleutherodactylus rucillensis Cochran, 1939
Eleutherodactylus sommeri Schwartz, 1977
Eleutherodactylus staurometopon Schwartz, 1960
Eleutherodactylus tychathrous Schwartz, 1965

West Indian (subgenus Eleutherodactylus)

E. (E.) abbotti Cochran, 1923
E. (E.) amplinympha Kaiser, Green & Schmid, 1994
E. (E.) antillensis Reinhardt & Lütken, 1863
E. (E.) audanti Cochran, 1934
E. (E.) auriculatoides Noble, 1923
E. (E.) auriculatus Cope, 1862
E. (E.) barlagnei Lynch, 1965
E. (E.) bartonsmithi Schwartz, 1960
E. (E.) brittoni Schmidt, 1920
E. (E.) cochranae Grant, 1932
E. (E.) cooki Grant, 1932
E. (E.) coqui Thomas, 1966
E. (E.) eileenae Dunn, 1926
E. (E.) eneidae Rivero, 1959
E. (E.) flavescens Noble, 1923
E. (E.) fowleri Schwartz, 1973
E. (E.) glamyrus Estrada & Hedges, 1997
E. (E.) gryllus Schmidt, 1920
E. (E.) guantanamera Hedges, Estrada & Thomas, 1992
E. (E.) haitianus Barbour, 1942
E. (E.) hedricki Rivero, 1963
E. (E.) ionthus Schwartz, 1960
E. (E.) jasperi Drewry & Jones, 1976
E. (E.) johnstonei Barbour, 1914
E. (E.) juanariveroi Ríos-López & Thomas, 2007
E. (E.) karlschmidti Grant, 1931
E. (E.) lamprotes Schwartz, 1973
E. (E.) leberi Schwartz, 1965
E. (E.) locustus Schmidt, 1920
E. (E.) mariposa Hedges, Estrada & Thomas, 1992
E. (E.) martinicensis Tschudi, 1838
E. (E.) melacara Hedges, Estrada & Thomas, 1992
E. (E.) minutus Noble, 1923
E. (E.) montanus Schmidt, 1919
E. (E.) parabates Schwartz, 1964
E. (E.) patriciae Schwartz, 1965
E. (E.) pinchoni Schwartz, 1967
E. (E.) pituinus Schwartz, 1965
E. (E.) poolei Cochran, 1938
E. (E.) portoricensis Schmidt, 1927
E. (E.) principalis Estrada & Hedges, 1997
E. (E.) richmondi Stejneger, 1904
E. (E.) ronaldi Schwartz, 1960
E. (E.) schwartzi Thomas, 1966
E. (E.) unicolor Stejneger, 1904
E. (E.) varians Gundlach & Peters, 1864
E. (E.) wetmorei Cochran, 1932
E. (E.) wightmanae Schmidt, 1920

West Indian (subgenus Euhyas)

E. (Eu.) acmonis Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) adelus Diaz, Cadiz & Hedges, 2003
E. (Eu.) albipes Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) alcoae Schwartz, 1971
E. (Eu.) alticola Lynn, 1937
E. (Eu.) amadeus Hedges, Thomas & Franz, 1987
E. (Eu.) andrewsi Lynn, 1937
E. (Eu.) apostates Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) armstrongi Noble & Hassler, 1933
E. (Eu.) atknisi Dunn, 1925
E. (Eu.) bakeri Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) beguei Díaz and Hedges, 2015
E. (Eu.) blairhedgesi Estrada, Díaz & Rodriguez, 1998
E. (Eu.) bresslerae Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) brevirostris Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) caribe Hedges & Thomas, 1992
E. (Eu.) casparii Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) cavernicola Lynn, 1954
E. (Eu.) corona Hedges & Thomas, 1992
E. (Eu.) cubanus Barbour, 1942
E. (Eu.) cundalli Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) cuneatus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) darlingtoni Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) dimidiatus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) dolomedes Hedges & Thomas, 1992
E. (Eu.) emiliae Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) etheridgei Schwartz, 1958
E. (Eu.) eunaster Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) furcyensis Shreve & Williams, 1963
E. (Eu.) fuscus Lynn & Dent, 1943
E. (Eu.) glandulifer Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) glanduliferoides Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) glaphycompus Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) glaucoreius Schwartz & Fowler, 1973
E. (Eu.) goini Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) gossei Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) grabhami Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) grahami Schwartz, 1979
E. (Eu.) greyi Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) griphus Crombie, 1986
E. (Eu.) guanahacabibes Estrada & Rodriguez, 1985
E. (Eu.) gundlachi Schmidt, 1920
E. (Eu.) heminota Shreve & Williams, 1963
E. (Eu.) iberia Estrada & Hedges, 1996
E. (Eu.) intermedius Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) jamaicensis Barbour, 1910
E. (Eu.) jaumei Estrada & Alonso, 1997
E. (Eu.) jugans Cochran, 1937
E. (Eu.) junori Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) klinikowskii Schwartz, 1959
E. (Eu.) lentus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) leoncei Shreve & Williams, 1963
E. (Eu.) limbatus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) lucioi Schwartz, 1980
E. (Eu.) luteolus Gosse, 1851
E. (Eu.) maestrensis Díaz, Cádiz & Navarro, 2005
E. (Eu.) michaelschmidi Díaz, Cádiz & Navarro, 2007
E. (Eu.) monensis Meerwarth, 1901
E. (Eu.) nubicola Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) orcutti Dunn, 1928
E. (Eu.) orientalis Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) oxyrhyncus Duméril & Bibron, 1841
E. (Eu.) pantoni Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) paulsoni Schwartz, 1964
E. (Eu.) pentasyringos Schwartz & Fowler, 1973
E. (Eu.) pezopetrus Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) pictissimus Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) pinarensis Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) planirostris Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) probolaeus Schwartz, 1965
E. (Eu.) rhodesi Schwartz, 1980
E. (Eu.) ricordii Duméril & Bibron, 1841
E. (Eu.) riparius Estrada & Hedges, 1998
E. (Eu.) rivularis Diaz, Estrada & Hedges, 2001
E. (Eu.) rogersi Goin, 1955
E. (Eu.) rufifemroralis Noble & Hassler, 1933
E. (Eu.) schmidti Noble, 1923
E. (Eu.) sciagraphus Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) semipalmatus Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) simulans Diaz & Fong, 2001
E. (Eu.) sisyphodemus Crombie, 1977
E. (Eu.) tetajulia Estrada & Hedges, 1996
E. (Eu.) thomasi Schwartz, 1959
E. (Eu.) thorectes Hedges, 1988
E. (Eu.) toa Estrada & Hedges, 1991
E. (Eu.) tonyi Estrada & Hedges, 1997
E. (Eu.) turquinensis Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) varleyi Dunn, 1925
E. (Eu.) ventrilineatus Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) warreni Schwartz, 1976
E. (Eu.) weinlandi Barbour, 1914
E. (Eu.) zugi Schwartz, 1958

Hispaniolan (subgenus Pelorius)

E. (P.) cattus Rodriguez, Dugo-Cota, Montero-Mendieta, Gonzalez-Voyer, Alonso Bosch, Vences, and Vilà, 2017
E. (P.) chlorophenax Schwartz, 1976
E. (P.) geitonos Díaz, Incháustegui, Marte, Köhler, Cádiz, and Rodríguez, 2018
E. (P.) hypostenor Schwartz, 1965
E. (P.) inoptatus Barbour, 1914
E. (P.) ligiae Incháustegui, Díaz, and Marte, 2015
E. (P.) neiba Incháustegui, Díaz, and Marte, 2015
E. (P.) nortoni Schwartz, 1976
E. (P.) parapelates Hedges & Thomas, 1987
E. (P.) ruthae Noble, 1923

North/Central American and Cuban (subgenus Syrrhophus)

E. (S.) albolabris Lynch & Lescure, 1980
E. (S.) angustidigitorum Taylor, 1940
Eleutherodactylus colimotl Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018
E. (S.) cystingnathoides Cope, 1877
E. (S.) dennisi Lynch, 1970
E. (S.) dilatus Davis & Dixon, 1955
E. (S.) erendirae Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018
E. (S.) floresvillelai Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018
E. (S.) grandis Dixon, 1957
E. (S.) grunwaldi Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Burkhardt, and Devitt, 2015
E. (S.) guttilatus Cope, 1879
E. (S.) humboldti Devitt, Tseng, Taylor-Adair, Koganti, Timugura, and Cannatella, 2023
E. (S.) interorbitalis Langebartel & Shannon, 1956
E. (S.) jaliscoensis Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018
E. (S.) jamesdixoni Devitt, Tseng, Taylor-Adair, Koganti, Timugura, and Cannatella, 2023
E. (S.) leprus Cope, 1879
E. (S.) longipes Baird, 1859
E. (S.) manantlanensis Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018
E. (S.) marnockii Cope, 1878
E. (S.) maurus Hedges, 1989
E. (S.) modestus Taylor, 1942
E. (S.) nietoi Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018
E. (S.) nitidus Peters, 1870
E. (S.) pallidus Duellman, 1958
E. (S.) pipilans Taylor, 1940
E. (S.) rubrimaculatus Taylor & Smith, 1945
E. (S.) rufescens (Duellman & Dixon, 1959)
E. (S.) saxatilis Webb, 1962
E. (S.) symingtoni Schwartz, 1957
E. (S.) syristes Hoyt, 1965
E. (S.) teretistes Duellman, 1958
E. (S.) verrucipes Cope, 1885
E. (S.) verruculatus Peters, 1870
E. (S.) wixarika Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Burkhardt, and Devitt, 2015
E. (S.) zeus Schwartz, 1958

References

↑ "Eleutherodactylus Duméril and Bibron, 1841 | Amphibian Species of the World".
↑ Hedges S.B; W.E. Duellman and M.P. Heinicke 2008. New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa 1737: 1-182.
↑ "Amphibian Species of the World". Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "The Center for Reptile and Amphibian Research: Interesting Facts About Amphibians". Archived from the original on 2007-02-08. Retrieved 2012-06-09.

[1] "Eleutherodactylus Duméril and Bibron, 1841 | Amphibian Species of the World".

[Hedges2008-2] Hedges S.B; W.E. Duellman and M.P. Heinicke 2008. New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa 1737: 1-182.

[amphibiaweb-3] "Amphibian Species of the World". Retrieved 2011-11-23.

[4] "The Center for Reptile and Amphibian Research: Interesting Facts About Amphibians". Archived from the original on 2007-02-08. Retrieved 2012-06-09.

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Eleutherodactylus Temporal range: Early Oligocene to present, 29–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Eleutherodactylus mimus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Eleutherodactylidae
Subfamily:	Eleutherodactylinae
Genus:	Eleutherodactylus Duméril and Bibron, 1841
Species
Many, see text.
Synonyms
Euhyas Fitzinger, 1843 Epirhexis Cope, 1866 (Suppressed) Syrrhophus Cope, 1878 Malachylodes Cope, 1879 Syrrhopus Boulenger, 1888 (Missp.) Syrrhaphus Günther, 1900 (Missp.) Tomodactylus Günther, 1900 Sminthillus Barbour & Noble, 1920 Ladailadne Dubois, 1987 Pelorius Hedges, 1989 Schwartzius Hedges, Duellman, & Heinicke, 2008