1361

1361 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1361; MCCCLXI
Ab urbe condita	2114
Armenian calendar	810; ԹՎ ՊԺ
Assyrian calendar	6111
Balinese saka calendar	1282–1283
Bengali calendar	767–768
Berber calendar	2311
English Regnal year	34 Edw. 3 – 35 Edw. 3
Buddhist calendar	1905
Burmese calendar	723
Byzantine calendar	6869–6870
Chinese calendar	庚子年 (Metal Rat); 4058 or 3851; — to —; 辛丑年 (Metal Ox); 4059 or 3852
Coptic calendar	1077–1078
Discordian calendar	2527
Ethiopian calendar	1353–1354
Hebrew calendar	5121–5122
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1417–1418
- Shaka Samvat	1282–1283
- Kali Yuga	4461–4462
Holocene calendar	11361
Igbo calendar	361–362
Iranian calendar	739–740
Islamic calendar	762–763
Japanese calendar	Enbun 6 / Kōan 1; (康安元年)
Javanese calendar	1274–1275
Julian calendar	1361; MCCCLXI
Korean calendar	3694
Minguo calendar	551 before ROC; 民前551年
Nanakshahi calendar	−107
Thai solar calendar	1903–1904
Tibetan calendar	ལྕགས་ཕོ་བྱི་བ་ལོ་; (male Iron-Rat); 1487 or 1106 or 334; — to —; ལྕགས་མོ་གླང་ལོ་; (female Iron-Ox); 1488 or 1107 or 335

Year 1361 (MCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

January 24 – The English Parliament is opened at Westminster by King Edward III for a 25-day session.
February 16 – In what is now Spain, the Muslim Sultan Muhammad VI of Granada concludes a six-year treaty of alliance with the Christian King Pedro IV of Aragon.
February 18 – The English Parliament closes after a 25-day session. Among the acts passed and given royal assent are the Justices of the Peace Act 1361, defining, for the first time, the duties and powers of a justice of the peace and setting for the qualifications required., as well as acts governing weights and measres, the limitation of purveyances to "the King, the Queen and the King's eldest son", several acts for punishment of labourers and servants for "departing from their service into another county," and directing that if they "If a labourer or servant do flee to a city or borough, do flee to a city or borough, the chief officer upon request shall deliver him up."
March 17 – An-Nasir Hasan, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, is killed by one of his own mamluks, Yalbugha al-Umari, who, with the senior Mamluk emirs, has al-Mansur Muhammad installed as the new sultan.

April–June

April 13 – The University of Pavia is founded, on the Italian Peninsula.
May 1 – King Magnus Eriksson of Sweden and Norway sends a letter to the citizens of Visby, with a warning of an upcoming Danish invasion.
May 18 – With the mediation of Cardinal Guy of Boulogne, the legate of Pope Innocent VI, the Peace of Terrer is agreed upon in Spain by representatives of King Pedro of Castile and King Pedro IV of Aragon to end the War of the Two Pedros between Castile and Aragon. Boulogne returns to Avignon on November 8, but the treaty he negotiated is not ratified by either kingdom.
June 24 – Thirteen years after the Black Death disease came to England, a two-day spike in deaths occurs in London with 1,200 people dying from the bubonic plague on June 24 and June 25.
June – Ahi Ayna, monarch of the Emirate of Erzincan in what is now eastern Turkey leads an expedition of conquest into the Kingdom of Georgia, capturing Akhaltsikhe, Samstskhe, and Atsquri, taking 12,000 people captive and collecting the jizya, a special tax on non-Muslims.

July–September

July 27 – Battle of Visby: King Valdemar IV of Denmark conquers the city of Visby by defeating the defending Gutnish country yeomen, killing 1,200 of their number, and takes Gotland. To avert being sacked and looted, the leaders of Visby pay a large ransom to King Valdemar, which is collected in payments by sheriffs sent regularly to the city for tribute.
August 3 – (24th day of 6th month of Shōhei 16) The Shōhei earthquake, estimated centuries later as being at least 8.4 magnitude, strikes off of the eastern coast of Japan and causes a tsunami which sweeps 1,700 houses and their thousands of inhabitants around Yukinominato Bay out to sea.
August 6 – The Emir Ahi Ayna guides his army into the Empire of Trebizond and besieges the cities of Lazica, Golacha and Koukos.
August 23 – King Peter I of Cyprus lands 10 ships at Antalya in what is now Turkey and, after a one-day siege, conquers the city
September 22 – King Peter and his fleet arrive back in Cyprus after bringing back spoils of war and tributes from various regions of Asia Minor.

October–December

October 10 – Edward the Black Prince marries Joan of Kent at Windsor Castle.
October – A force of 200,000 soldiers of the Red Turbans of Yuan dynasty China, unable to retreat to China's Heibei region, cross the Yalu River and invade northern Korea, ruled by the kingdom of Goryeo. Led by Pan Cheng, Sha Liu, Guan Xiansheng, and Zhu Yuanshu, they capture Sakju and Iseong, and then assemble at Muju (now Yeongbyeon by early November.
November 11 – China's Red Turbans break through the Korean defense line at Jeoryeong, and King Gongmin of Goryeo is forced to evacuate his capital at Gaegyeong (now Kaesong, North Korea) and to flee to Bokju (now Andong, North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea).
November 21 – Philip of Rouvres, the 15-year old Duke of Burgundy, dies from the plague has no heirs, bringing an end to rule by the House of Capet and leaving the Duchy open to conquest by King Jean II of France.
November 24 – China's Red Turbans, already occupying much of the Goryeo Kingdom (now North Korea), invade the capital city of Gaegyeong and burn down the royal palace.
December 21 – The Battle of Linuesa is fought between invaders from the Emirate of Granada and defenders from the Kingdom of Castile at the city of Huesa in Castile's autonomous Kingdom of Jaén (now the Jaén Province of Spain). The Castilian Army, led by the Christian Diego García de Padilla, is able to defeat the Muslim troops of Granada. Most of the 600 Granadan troops are slaughtered before they can retreat.
December 28 – King Jean II of France, nicknamed "John the Good" in English accounts, invades and takes control of the Duchy of Burgundy. He chooses to keep the Duchy as a separate state with himself as Duke, rather than to annex it to the Kingdom of France.

Date unknown

In the Marinid Empire in modern-day Morocco, Abu Salim Ibrahim is overthrown by Abu Umar, who is in turn overthrown by Abu Zayyan.
Great Troubles: the Blue Horde descends into anarchy. Between 1361 and 1378, over 20 khans succeed each other in different parts of the Blue Horde's territory.
Ottoman Emirate conquered Didymoteicho
Chinese rebels capture the Goryeo capital.
The earliest known musical keyboard instrument is built, with the layout of black and white keys that becomes standard.

Births

February 26 – Wenceslaus, King of the Romans, King of Bohemia (d. 1419)
date unknown
- John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont, Constable of Dover Castle (d. 1396)
- Isabella, Countess of Foix, vassal ruler (d. 1428)
- King Charles III of Navarre (d. 1425)
- She Xiang, Chinese tribute chieftain (d. 1396)

Deaths

January 7 – Gerlach I of Nassau-Wiesbaden
March 17 – An-Nasir Hasan, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt (b. 1334/35)
March 23 – Henry of Grosmont, Duke of Lancaster, English soldier and diplomat
May 21 – Orhan Ghazi, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1274)
June 9 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (b. 1291)
June 15 – Johannes Tauler, German mystic theologian
June 17 – Ingeborg of Norway, princess consort and regent of Sweden (b. 1301)
September 18 – Louis V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1315)
October 4 – John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray, English baron (b. 1310)
October 8 – John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp, Warden of the Cinque Ports
November 21 – Philip of Rouvres, Duke of Burgundy (plague) (b. 1346)
date unknown
- Giovanni, son of Francesco Petrarch (plague)
- Richard Badew, Chancellor of the University of Cambridge
- Reynold Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham of Sterborough, English knight and diplomat (b. 1295)
- Hajji Beg, Barlas leader
- c. 1362 Blanche of Bourbon

References

↑ Latham, John D. & Fernández-Puertas, Antonio (1993). "Naṣrids". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 1024. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
↑ "1360: 34 Edward 3 c.1: Justices of the Peace". The Statutes Project. November 28, 2017. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
↑ Chronological Table of the Statutes: Covering the Period from 1235 to the End of 1971. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1972. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-11-840096-1 – via Google Books.
↑ Bauden, Frédéric. "The Qalawunids: A Pedigree" http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/qalawunids/qalawunid-pedigree.pdf (PDF). University of Chicago. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
↑ "History". www.unipv.eu (in Italian). Archived from the original on December 15, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
↑ Mollat, Guillaume (1912). The Popes of Avignon: (1305-1378) (2d ed.). Paris: LeCoffre. pp. 288–299.
↑ Shrewsbury, J. F. D. (1970). A History of Bubonic Plague in the British Isles. Cambridge University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-52102-247-7.
↑ Yücel, Yaşar (October 1971). "Mutahharten ve Erzincan Emirliği" [Mutahharten and the Emirate of Erzincan]. Belleten (in Turkish). 35 (140): 669.
↑ Lihammer, Anna (2011). "Slaget om Visby". Arkeologiska upptäckter i Sverige. Lund: Historiska Media ISBN 978-91-85873-96-8
↑ "Earthquake Information". Water Damage Defense. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
↑ Ishibashi, Katsuhiko (2016). "Did the top of the nine-ringed finial of the Horyu-ji Temple's five-story pagoda really burn during the 1361 Kōan Nankai Earthquake?" (PDF). Historical Earthquakes (in jp) (31): 75–79.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Shukurov, Rustam (June 1994). "Between Peace and Hostility: Trebizond and the Pontic Turkish Periphery in the Fourteenth Century". Mediterranean Historical Review. 9 (1). Routledge: 33.
↑ .Boulton, D'Arcy Jonathan Dacre (1987). The Knights of the Crown: The Monarchical Orders of Knighthood in Later Medieval Europe, 1325–1520. The Boydell Press. pp. 241–249.
↑ Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000). The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades. Routledge. pp. 166–168.
↑ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
1 2 Jeong Hae-eun (ed.). 고려시대 군사전략 [Military Strategy of the Goryeo Dynasty] (in Korean). Military History Compilation Institute, Ministry of National Defense. p. 294.
↑ López de Ayala, Pero; Pero López de Ayala (1779). "8". Cronicas de los reyes de Castilla: Don Pedro, Don Enrique II, Don Juan I, Don Enrique III. Madrid: Imprenta de Don Antonio de Sancha. pp. 335–336.
↑ Schnerb, Bertrand (1999). "Chapter 2". L'État bourguignon (1363-1477) (in French). Paris: Perrin. Five days later, on December 28, the king had the Estates of the Duchy of Burgundy, that is, the representatives of the Church, the nobles, and the townspeople, assembled before him at Saint-Bénigne.
↑ Vaughan, Richard (2002). "Chapter 1". Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State. Boydell Press. King John at once laid claim to and took possession of this important fief which, if it could have been incorporated into the royal domain, would have greatly increased the power and the income of the crown. But the local particularism of the inhabitants, coupled with King John's generous feelings towards his youngest son, made this impossible.
↑
Keyboards of Nicholas Faber's organ for Halberstadt, built in 1361 and enlarged 1495. The illustration is from Praetorius' Syntagma Musicum (1619). At the top is the earliest example of the "seven plus five" layout. The bottom two illustrate the earlier "eight plus four" arrangement
.

[1] Latham, John D. & Fernández-Puertas, Antonio (1993). "Naṣrids". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 1024. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.

[2] "1360: 34 Edward 3 c.1: Justices of the Peace". The Statutes Project. November 28, 2017. Retrieved May 26, 2018.

[3] Chronological Table of the Statutes: Covering the Period from 1235 to the End of 1971. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1972. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-11-840096-1 – via Google Books.

[4] Bauden, Frédéric. "The Qalawunids: A Pedigree" http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/qalawunids/qalawunid-pedigree.pdf (PDF). University of Chicago. Retrieved 2023-06-21.

[:1-5] "History". www.unipv.eu (in Italian). Archived from the original on December 15, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.

[6] Mollat, Guillaume (1912). The Popes of Avignon: (1305-1378) (2d ed.). Paris: LeCoffre. pp. 288–299.

[7] Shrewsbury, J. F. D. (1970). A History of Bubonic Plague in the British Isles. Cambridge University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-52102-247-7.

[8] Yücel, Yaşar (October 1971). "Mutahharten ve Erzincan Emirliği" [Mutahharten and the Emirate of Erzincan]. Belleten (in Turkish). 35 (140): 669.

[9] Lihammer, Anna (2011). "Slaget om Visby". Arkeologiska upptäckter i Sverige. Lund: Historiska Media ISBN 978-91-85873-96-8

[10] "Earthquake Information". Water Damage Defense. Retrieved June 28, 2021.

[11] Ishibashi, Katsuhiko (2016). "Did the top of the nine-ringed finial of the Horyu-ji Temple's five-story pagoda really burn during the 1361 Kōan Nankai Earthquake?" (PDF). Historical Earthquakes (in jp) (31): 75–79.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[12] Shukurov, Rustam (June 1994). "Between Peace and Hostility: Trebizond and the Pontic Turkish Periphery in the Fourteenth Century". Mediterranean Historical Review. 9 (1). Routledge: 33.

[13] .Boulton, D'Arcy Jonathan Dacre (1987). The Knights of the Crown: The Monarchical Orders of Knighthood in Later Medieval Europe, 1325–1520. The Boydell Press. pp. 241–249.

[14] Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000). The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades. Routledge. pp. 166–168.

[15] Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.

[Jeong-16] 1 2 Jeong Hae-eun (ed.). 고려시대 군사전략 [Military Strategy of the Goryeo Dynasty] (in Korean). Military History Compilation Institute, Ministry of National Defense. p. 294.

[17] López de Ayala, Pero; Pero López de Ayala (1779). "8". Cronicas de los reyes de Castilla: Don Pedro, Don Enrique II, Don Juan I, Don Enrique III. Madrid: Imprenta de Don Antonio de Sancha. pp. 335–336.

[Schnerb1999-2-18] Schnerb, Bertrand (1999). "Chapter 2". L'État bourguignon (1363-1477) (in French). Paris: Perrin. Five days later, on December 28, the king had the Estates of the Duchy of Burgundy, that is, the representatives of the Church, the nobles, and the townspeople, assembled before him at Saint-Bénigne.

[19] Vaughan, Richard (2002). "Chapter 1". Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State. Boydell Press. King John at once laid claim to and took possession of this important fief which, if it could have been incorporated into the royal domain, would have greatly increased the power and the income of the crown. But the local particularism of the inhabitants, coupled with King John's generous feelings towards his youngest son, made this impossible.

[20] 
Keyboards of Nicholas Faber's organ for Halberstadt, built in 1361 and enlarged 1495. The illustration is from Praetorius' Syntagma Musicum (1619). At the top is the earliest example of the "seven plus five" layout. The bottom two illustrate the earlier "eight plus four" arrangement
.

Gregorian calendar	1361 MCCCLXI
Ab urbe condita	2114
Armenian calendar	810 ԹՎ ՊԺ
Assyrian calendar	6111
Balinese saka calendar	1282–1283
Bengali calendar	767–768
Berber calendar	2311
English Regnal year	34 Edw. 3 – 35 Edw. 3
Buddhist calendar	1905
Burmese calendar	723
Byzantine calendar	6869–6870
Chinese calendar	庚子年 (Metal Rat) 4058 or 3851 — to — 辛丑年 (Metal Ox) 4059 or 3852
Coptic calendar	1077–1078
Discordian calendar	2527
Ethiopian calendar	1353–1354
Hebrew calendar	5121–5122
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1417–1418
- Shaka Samvat	1282–1283
- Kali Yuga	4461–4462
Holocene calendar	11361
Igbo calendar	361–362
Iranian calendar	739–740
Islamic calendar	762–763
Japanese calendar	Enbun 6 / Kōan 1 (康安元年)
Javanese calendar	1274–1275
Julian calendar	1361 MCCCLXI
Korean calendar	3694
Minguo calendar	551 before ROC 民前551年
Nanakshahi calendar	−107
Thai solar calendar	1903–1904
Tibetan calendar	ལྕགས་ཕོ་བྱི་བ་ལོ་ (male Iron-Rat) 1487 or 1106 or 334 — to — ལྕགས་མོ་གླང་ལོ་ (female Iron-Ox) 1488 or 1107 or 335

Years
Millennium
2nd millennium
Centuries
13th century 14th century 15th century
Decades
1340s 1350s 1360s 1370s 1380s
Years
1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364
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1361 by topic
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Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
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1361 in poetry
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