3 Ceti

3 Ceti
Observation data; Epoch J2000 Equinox ICRS
Constellation	Cetus
Right ascension	00h 04m 30.11827s
Declination	−10° 30′ 34.2849″
Apparent magnitude (V)	4.953
Characteristics
Spectral type	K3 III or K3 Ib
B−V color index	+1.66
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	−42.10±0.33 km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: −6.85 mas/yr ; Dec.: −12.02 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	1.56±0.31 mas
Distance	approx. 2,100 ly ; (approx. 600 pc)
Details
Mass	9.0±0.6 M☉
Radius	182 R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)	7,877 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)	0.90 cgs
Temperature	4,152 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	0.08 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	5.8±1.0 km/s
Age	29.7±3.6 Myr
Other designations
	3 Cet, NSV 13, BD−11°6194, FK5 2001, HD 225212, HIP 355, HR 9103, SAO 147066, 2MASS J00043012-1030344
Database references
SIMBAD	data

3 Ceti is a single, orange-hued star located around 2,100 light years away in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.95. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −42 km/s. It has a peculiar velocity of 60.7+3.8
−6.2 km/s and is a candidate runaway star.

This is a red supergiant star with a stellar classification of K3 Ib, although Houk and Swift (1999) classed it as a normal giant at K3 III. It displays microvariability, undergoing changes in brightness with a frequency of 11.2 times per day and an amplitude of 0.0053 in magnitude. The star is about 30 million years old with nine times the mass of the Sun and 182 times the radius of the Sun. It is radiating 7,877 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,152 K.

It is a possible supernova candidate.

References

1 2 3 4 5 van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
1 2 3 Hohle, M.M.; et al. (2010). "Masses and luminosities of O- and B-type stars and red supergiants". Astronomische Nachrichten. 331 (4): 349. arXiv:1003.2335. Bibcode:2010AN....331..349H. doi:10.1002/asna.200911355. S2CID 111387483.
1 2 Houk, N.; Swift, C. (1999). "Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD Stars". Michigan Spectral Survey. 5. Bibcode:1999MSS...C05....0H.
1 2 3 Koen, Chris; Eyer, Laurent (2002). "New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 331 (1): 45. arXiv:astro-ph/0112194. Bibcode:2002MNRAS.331...45K. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05150.x.
1 2 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.
1 2 3 4 Tetzlaff, N.; et al. (January 2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 410 (1): 190–200, arXiv:1007.4883, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, S2CID 118629873
1 2 3 Healy, Sarah; Horiuchi, Shunsaku; Colomer Molla, Marta; Milisavljevic, Dan; Tseng, Jeff; Bergin, Faith; Weil, Kathryn; Tanaka, Masaomi; Otero, Sebastián (2024-04-01). "Red supergiant candidates for multimessenger monitoring of the next Galactic supernova". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529 (4): 3630–3650. arXiv:2307.08785. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.529.3630H. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae738. ISSN 0035-8711.
1 2 3 4 Luck, R. Earle (2014). "Parameters and Abundances in Luminous Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 147 (6): 137. Bibcode:2014AJ....147..137L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/6/137.
↑ De Medeiros, J. R.; Udry, S.; Burki, G.; Mayor, M. (2002). "A catalog of rotational and radial velocities for evolved stars. II. Ib supergiant stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 395: 97–98. Bibcode:2002A&A...395...97D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20021214.
↑ "3 Cet". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved December 24, 2018.
↑ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
1 2 Asakura, K.; Gando, A.; Gando, Y.; Hachiya, T.; Hayashida, S.; Ikeda, H.; Inoue, K.; Ishidoshiro, K.; Ishikawa, T. (2015-06-03). "KamLAND SENSITIVITY TO NEUTRINOS FROM PRE-SUPERNOVA STARS". The Astrophysical Journal. 818: 91. arXiv:1506.01175v4. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/91.

[vanLeeuwen2007-1] 1 2 3 4 5 van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.

[Hohle2010-2] 1 2 3 Hohle, M.M.; et al. (2010). "Masses and luminosities of O- and B-type stars and red supergiants". Astronomische Nachrichten. 331 (4): 349. arXiv:1003.2335. Bibcode:2010AN....331..349H. doi:10.1002/asna.200911355. S2CID 111387483.

[mk-3] 1 2 Houk, N.; Swift, C. (1999). "Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD Stars". Michigan Spectral Survey. 5. Bibcode:1999MSS...C05....0H.

[koen2002-4] 1 2 3 Koen, Chris; Eyer, Laurent (2002). "New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 331 (1): 45. arXiv:astro-ph/0112194. Bibcode:2002MNRAS.331...45K. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05150.x.

[GaiaDR2-5] 1 2 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.

[Tetzlaff2011-6] 1 2 3 4 Tetzlaff, N.; et al. (January 2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 410 (1): 190–200, arXiv:1007.4883, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, S2CID 118629873

[rsg-7] 1 2 3 Healy, Sarah; Horiuchi, Shunsaku; Colomer Molla, Marta; Milisavljevic, Dan; Tseng, Jeff; Bergin, Faith; Weil, Kathryn; Tanaka, Masaomi; Otero, Sebastián (2024-04-01). "Red supergiant candidates for multimessenger monitoring of the next Galactic supernova". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529 (4): 3630–3650. arXiv:2307.08785. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.529.3630H. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae738. ISSN 0035-8711.

[luck2014-8] 1 2 3 4 Luck, R. Earle (2014). "Parameters and Abundances in Luminous Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 147 (6): 137. Bibcode:2014AJ....147..137L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/6/137.

[DeMedeiros2002-9] De Medeiros, J. R.; Udry, S.; Burki, G.; Mayor, M. (2002). "A catalog of rotational and radial velocities for evolved stars. II. Ib supergiant stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 395: 97–98. Bibcode:2002A&A...395...97D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20021214.

[SIMBAD-10] "3 Cet". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved December 24, 2018.

[Eggleton2008-11] Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.

[:0-12] 1 2 Asakura, K.; Gando, A.; Gando, Y.; Hachiya, T.; Hayashida, S.; Ikeda, H.; Inoue, K.; Ishidoshiro, K.; Ishikawa, T. (2015-06-03). "KamLAND SENSITIVITY TO NEUTRINOS FROM PRE-SUPERNOVA STARS". The Astrophysical Journal. 818: 91. arXiv:1506.01175v4. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/91.