The white snowy mount is Mount Dena (Pazan Pir Peak); the black pyramidal shape mount is Kuh-e Noqol; and the small mount lying in front of them is Takht. The khaki hills on the left are Mowrderaz, and the river is Rudkhaneh-ye Sard (Cold River). This photo shows Noqol's landscape in December 2013.
The name "Noqol" is derived from the Persian name "Now Qaleh", which means "new castle ". So "Noqol" is a combination of shorted variant of two words "Now" "نو" and "Qaleh" "قلعه "."Now" in Persian means "new" and "Qaleh" means "castle".
History
Noqol is a village in the collection of villages called Padena. Padena is located less than 150km north-west of Persepolis, the glorious capital of Achaemenian Empire. Although there is not a credible resource on the history of this village, mostly because of lack of scientific study, but, since this mountain region has been one of the main sources of water for the nearby capital of Achaemenian Empire, it was probably inhabited and had a significant strategic importance for the world's most powerful empire in fifth century B.C. There are some ruined grave nearby the village shows an unknown history. There are also, many customs, believes, traditions and words in the culture of this village trace back to the Ancient Persia.[bettersourceneeded]
After invasion of Turks and Mongols to Persia, this village as same as the other Iranian farmers who was living in the rural areas has engaged in a conflict with the nomadic Turkic tribes looking for pasture for their flock of sheep. This conflict in the past millennium has been the destiny of the people of this village and the other villages in Padena. In the nineteenth century, although they were working and living in the village, all the lands of village possessed to Qashqai Khans. Some modern historical events such as; Iranian Constitutional Revolution in 1906, Oppression of Nomads (Feudalists) and Land Reform in 1960s made them the owners of lands of the village.
Demographics
Ethnicity
Historically they have called themselves Tajik to distinguish themselves, first, from the Qashqai a nomadic Turkic tribe that have been their neighbors for at least two centuries, and secondly from the Lurs, who lives in the west range of the Dena mountains. so they are ethnically Tajik. Tajik is a subdivision of Fars (Persian).[bettersourceneeded]
Religion
Noqol's people belong to Jafari shia faith. There is no holy shrine and clergyman in the village but they historically respect two holy shrines outside the village; Pir davood in Kohangan and Seyed Mohammad in Khafr.
Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 315 in 73 households, when it was in Padena District. The following census in 2011 counted 270 people in 80 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 346 people in 108 households, by which time the rural district had been separated from the district in the formation of Danakuh District.
Geography
Red appleGolden apple
Noqol lies at 2,276 metres (7,467ft) above sea level.
Kuh-e Noqol
Kuh-e Noqol is a 2,956 metres (9,698ft) mountain peak located south of the village of Noqol. According to Peakery.com, "it ranks as the 172nd highest mountain in Işfahān and the 1535th highest mountain in Iran. The nearest peaks are, Kuh-e Cheshmeh Nul, Kuh-e Dena, Kuh-e Chalchavili, Kuh-e Almalu, and Kuh-e Dama". Although the mountain receives a lot of precipitation in winter, there is little water resource in the summer, which distinguishes it from the mountain of Dena (Dinar). Kuh-e Noqol consists of dark black rocks, that's why it is named 'Kuhe e Siyah' (Persian کوه سیاه ), meaning Black Mountain.[citation needed]
Climate
Noqol has a four seasons climate. Spring is characterized by blooming apple blossoms, summer by the smell of reached apples. During autumn these trees turn various colors, including red, orange and yellow, and winter is typically characterized by snow, as well as temperatures that can drop to below freezing point.[bettersourceneeded]
Natural resources
Water is the most important natural resource in this village. The main stream, recently canalized, used for irrigation of apple gardens, originates from the Pazanpir Peak.
The book "The Suffering Flowers of Dena: A Documented View on the Written History and Events of Noqol Village of Padena up to 1981 CE" written by Mr. Seyyed Habibollah Mousavi, is a comprehensive and well-documented research work about the village. It was published in 2025 (1404 SH) by Asatir‑e Parsi Publishing in Tehran. This 435‑page study covers the history of Noqol village, etymology, historical transformations, detailed information about every household and individual, the village’s developments during the Land Reforms, the Islamic Revolution and the Iran–Iraq War, as well as the history of education in the area. It also examines its cultural structure, clothing, customs, rituals, and the nomadic communities surrounding the village.
12سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395: استان اصفهان[General Population and Housing Census 2016: Isfahan Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original(Excel) on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
↑Mousavi, Mir-Hossein (1 July 1987) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1366.4.10 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. ایجاد و تشکیل 6 دهستان شامل روستاها، مزارع و مکانها در شهرستان سمیرم تابع استان اصفهان[Creation and establishment of six rural districts including villages, farms and places in Semirom County]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شناسه [ID] 1B78FCE7-2DAF-4F95-8041-6713BE557283. شماره دوره [Course number] 66, شماره جلد [Volume number] 6. Archived from the original on 4 February 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
12Jahangiri, Eshaq (17 March 2019) [تاریخ ابلاغ (Notification date) 26/12/1397 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب‌نامه در خصوص تقسیمات کشوری در استان‌های آذربایجان غربی، اردبیل، اصفهان، بوشهر، سیستان و بلوچستان، فارس، قم، لرستان، مازندران[Approval regarding national divisions in the provinces of West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Isfahan, Bushehr, Sistan and Baluchestan, Fars, Qom, Lorestan, Mazandaran]. پژوهشکده حقوقی شهر دانش [Shahr Danesh Law Research Institute] (in Persian). وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شماره ابلاغیه [Notification number] 175033/T56016H. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
↑سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385: استان اصفهان[General Population and Housing Census 2006: Isfahan Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original(Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
↑سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390: استان اصفهان[General Population and Housing Census 2011: Isfahan Province]. Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University (in Persian). مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran]. Archived from the original(Excel) on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
↑Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (8 February 2012) [19 بهمن 1390 (1390 Bahman 19) (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. هیئت وزیران تصویب کرد؛ چند تغییر در نقشه تقسیمات کشورى استان اصفهان[The Cabinet approved some changes in the map of the national divisions of Isfahan province]. Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (in Persian). وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]. کد خبر [News Code] 211425. Archived from the original on 16 September 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
