Perserikatan

Perserikatan was the national amateur football competitions in Indonesia held between 1931 and 1994 before the formation of Liga Indonesia, organized by the PSSI, the Indonesian football federation. The competition involved hundreds clubs in Indonesia and was divided into several levels.

In English, the term Perserikatan may literally translate to inter-association football championship as this competition involved all regional-level football associations in Indonesia.

Since 1979, in parallel, another national football league, Galatama (The Premier League), was established for semi professional football clubs. Therefore, before both Perserikatan and Galatama were merged into a new system called Liga Indonesia in 1994, both of these competitions existed in parallel.

History

The competition traces its origins back to 19 April 1930. Some of Dutch East Indies prominent football club, like VIJ Jakarta, BIVB Bandung, IVBM Magelang, MVB Makassar, SIVB Surabaya and VVB Solo, met and discussed about the future championship on the Netherlands territory. They met at Societeit Hadiprojo, Yogyakarta.

After the meeting, it was agreed that these clubs would found Persatoean Sepak Raga Seloeroeh Indonesia, the parent organization for the teams.

Before Perserikatan was established, a nationwide football competition had already existed within the colonial football structure of the Dutch East Indies. The inter-city championship, which began in 1914 under the administration of the Nederlands Indische Voetbal Bond (NIVB), was initially dominated by European groups. However, by the late 1920s, the competition had become more open, with participating teams allowing players from various ethnic backgrounds including Chinese and pribumi to play together within the same team.

From 1951 to 1979, Perserikatan was officially named as the Kejurnas PSSI (PSSI National Championship). From 1980 to 1994, it was referred to as Divisi Utama PSSI (PSSI Premier Division). In 1994, after being held for approximately 60 seasons (with some breaks in between, such as during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies and Indonesian National Revolution periods), it was merged with Galatama to form new fully professional league, the Liga Indonesia.

List of champions

Source:

Season Champions Runners-up
1930 VIJ Batavia SIVB Surabaya
1931 VIJ Batavia PSIM Yogyakarta
1932 PSIM Yogyakarta VIJ Batavia
1932–33 VIJ Batavia PSIB Bandung
1933–34 VIJ Batavia VVB Solo
1934–35 Persis Solo PPVIM Meester Cornelis
1935–36 Persis Solo Persib Bandung
1936–37 Persib Bandung Persis Solo
1937–38 VIJ Batavia Persibaya Surabaya
1938–39 Persis Solo PSIM Yogyakarta
1939–40 Persis Solo PSIM Yogyakarta
1940–41 Persis Solo Persibaya Surabaya
1941–42 Persis Solo Persibaya Surabaya
1942–43 Persis Solo PSIM Yogyakarta
1944–49 Not held
1950 Persib Bandung Persibaya Surabaya
1951 Persibaya Surabaya PSM Makassar
1952 Persibaya Surabaya Persija Jakarta
1953–54 Persija Jakarta PSMS Medan
1955–57 PSM Makassar PSMS Medan
1957–59 PSM Makassar Persib Bandung
1959–61 Persib Bandung PSM Makassar
1962–64 Persija Jakarta PSM Makassar
1964–65 PSM Makassar Persebaya Surabaya
1965–66 PSM Makassar Persib Bandung
1966–67 PSMS Medan Persib Bandung
1967–69 Not held
1969–71 PSMS Medan Persebaya Surabaya
1971–73 Persija Jakarta Persebaya Surabaya
1973–75 Persija Jakarta and PSMS Medan
1975–78 Persebaya Surabaya Persija Jakarta
1978–79 Persija Jakarta PSMS Medan
1980 Persiraja Banda Aceh Persipura Jayapura
1981–82 Not held
1983 PSMS Medan Persib Bandung
1984 Not held
1985 PSMS Medan Persib Bandung
1986 Persib Bandung Perseman Manokwari
1986–87 PSIS Semarang Persebaya Surabaya
1987–88 Persebaya Surabaya Persija Jakarta
1988–89 Not held
1989–90 Persib Bandung Persebaya Surabaya
1990–91 Not held
1991–92 PSM Ujungpandang PSMS Medan
1992–93 Not held
1993–94 Persib Bandung PSM Ujungpandang

Notes

  1. ↑ The 1930 season was an unofficial tournament.
  2. ↑ The PSSI 50th anniversary book erroneously lists the venue of the tournament as Bandung and its runners-up as Persib (Bandoeng).
  3. 1 2 Arsip Sepakbola Indonesia claims this season was a part of the 1941-1943 single season when PSIM was the champion.
  4. ↑ The 1950 season was an unofficial tournament called Turnamen Kongres PSSI (PSSI Congress Tournament). RSSSF claims this season was the last in the Dutch East Indies era.
  5. ↑ Some sources claim this season was held with PSMS as the champion and Persija as the runner-up but it is not listed in the PSSI 50th anniversary book.

References

  1. ↑ "Sejarah Persatuan Sepakbola Seluruh Indonesia (PSSI)" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2010-01-03.
  2. ↑ Harahap, Zulfirdaus (20 January 2021). "5 Klub dengan Label Penguasa Era Perserikatan: Persija Torehkan Tinta Emas". Bola.com (in Indonesian).
  3. ↑ "Stedenwedstrijden". Arsip Sepakbola Indonesia (in Indonesian).
  4. ↑ "List of Perserikatan champions in RSSSF". Archived from the original on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2010-01-13.
  5. 1 2 "P.S.S.I. (inlandsche) Stedenwedstrijden 1930–1950". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  6. ↑ "Perserikatan". Arsip Sepakbola Indonesia (in Indonesian).
  7. ↑ "Inlandsche Stedenwedstrijden 1941-1943". Arsip Sepakbola Indonesia (in Indonesian).
  8. ↑ "Perserikatan 1967-1969". Arsip Sepakbola Indonesia (in Indonesian).
  9. ↑ Anwar, Aldi Aulia (10 May 2020). Manurung, Ivan Reinhard (ed.). "1969–1970, Era 'Los Galaticos' di PSMS Medan". Indosport (in Indonesian).

Works cited