Picrophilaceae

Picrophilaceae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Archaea
Kingdom:	Methanobacteriati
Phylum:	Thermoplasmatota
Class:	Thermoplasmata
Order:	Thermoplasmatales
Family:	Picrophilaceae; Schleper et al., 1996
Genus
	Picrophilus;

Picrophilaceae is a family of microbes within the order Thermoplasmatales.

Morphology and ecology

The cells are round in shape, thermophilic, heterotrophic, and obligately aerobic. This species is hyperacidophilic, with an optimal pH of 0.7. Its optimal temperature is 60 °C. It has been isolated from fumaroles, acidic sediments, dry solfataric fields, and hot springs in Hokkaidō, Japan.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

16S rRNA based LTP_07_2026

53 marker proteins based GTDB 11-RS232

Thermoplasmatales

Thermoplasmataceae

	Thermogymnomonas

	Thermoplasma

Cuniculiplasmataceae

	Oxyplasma

	Cuniculiplasma

Picrophilaceae

Picrophilus

Ferroplasmataceae

	Acidiplasma

	Ferroplasma

Thermoplasmataceae

Thermoplasma

Cuniculiplasma

	Oxyplasma

	Thermogymnomonas

Picrophilus

	Acidiplasma

	Ferroplasma

References

1 2 C.L. Schoch. "Picrophilaceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2026-08-01.
↑ Anna-Louise Reysenbach; Kristen Brileya (2014-10-19). "The Family Picrophilaceae". In Eugene Rosenberg; Edward F. DeLong; Stephen Lory; Erko Stackebrandt; Fabiano Thompson (eds.). The Prokaryotes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 319–321. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_326. ISBN 978-3-642-38954-2.
↑ Picrophilaceae in LPSN; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (2026). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 54 (D1): D884–D891. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.
↑ "The LTPlus". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.
↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.
↑ Rossello-Mora, Ramon; Viver, Tomeu; Palmer-Rodríguez, Pere; Westram, Ralf; Bustos-Caparros, Esteban; Gago, Joan Francisco; Gonzalez-Mendez, Jaime; Llabrés, Mercè; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Amann, Rudolf (22 April 2026). "A pipeline for improved 16S rRNA gene-based phylogeny and diversity analyses of Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Portfolio. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9370187/v1.
↑ "GTDB release 11-RS232". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
↑ "ar53_r232.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

Schleper C; Puhler G; Klenk HP; Zillig W (1996). "Picrophilus oshimae and Picrophilus torridus fam. nov., gen. nov., sp. nov., two species of hyperacidophilic, thermophilic, heterotrophic, aerobic archaea". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46 (3): 814–816. doi:10.1099/00207713-46-3-814.
Schleper C; Puehler G; Holz I; Gambacorta A; et al. (1995). "Picrophilus gen. nov., fam. nov.: a novel aerobic, heterotrophic, thermoacidophilic genus and family comprising archaea capable of growth around pH 0". J. Bacteriol. 177 (24): 7050–7059. doi:10.1128/jb.177.24.7050-7059.1995. PMC 177581. PMID 8522509.

Scientific books

Reysenbach, A-L (2001). "Order I. Thermoplasmatales ord. nov.". In DR Boone; RW Castenholz (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2.

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[NCBI-1] 1 2 C.L. Schoch. "Picrophilaceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2026-08-01.

[Prokaryotes24-2] Anna-Louise Reysenbach; Kristen Brileya (2014-10-19). "The Family Picrophilaceae". In Eugene Rosenberg; Edward F. DeLong; Stephen Lory; Erko Stackebrandt; Fabiano Thompson (eds.). The Prokaryotes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 319–321. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_326. ISBN 978-3-642-38954-2.

[LPSN-3] Picrophilaceae in LPSN; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (2026). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 54 (D1): D884–D891. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.

[4] "The LTPlus". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.

[5] "LTP_all tree in newick format". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.

[6] Rossello-Mora, Ramon; Viver, Tomeu; Palmer-Rodríguez, Pere; Westram, Ralf; Bustos-Caparros, Esteban; Gago, Joan Francisco; Gonzalez-Mendez, Jaime; Llabrés, Mercè; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Amann, Rudolf (22 April 2026). "A pipeline for improved 16S rRNA gene-based phylogeny and diversity analyses of Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Portfolio. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9370187/v1.

[about-7] "GTDB release 11-RS232". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

[tree-8] "ar53_r232.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

[taxon_history-9] "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

Picrophilaceae

Morphology and ecology

Phylogeny

See also

References

Further reading

Scientific journals

Scientific books