Timeline of Aleppo

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aleppo, Syria.

Prior to 10th century

Founded before 2000 BCE
1800–1525 BCE – part of the Amorite dynasty
333 BCE – Alexander the Great in power.
286 BCE – Hellenic settlement of Beroea established.
88 BCE – City becomes part of Kingdom of Armenia.
64 BCE – City becomes part of Roman Syria.
611 CE – Persian Chosroes II in power.
637
- July–October: Siege of Aleppo by Muslim forces.
- Al-Shuaibiyah Mosque built.
717 – Great Mosque built.

10th–12th centuries

944 – Sayf al-Dawla in power.
962 – City sacked by the Byzantines.
1086 - Aleppo submit to the rule of Malik-Shah, the Turkish ruler of the Seljuk Empire
1094 – After defeating opposing Seljuk governor Aq Sunqur, Tutush becomes ruler of the city.
1124 – City besieged by Christian crusaders under Baldwin II of Jerusalem.
1124 – Al-Halawiyah Madrasa built.
1138 – 11 October: Earthquake was one of deadliest of all time.
1168 – Al-Muqaddamiyah Madrasa established.
1170 – 29 June: Earthquake.
1183 – Saladin assumes power.
1193
- Az-Zahir Ghazi in power.
- Al-Shadbakhtiyah Madrasa built.

13th century

1211 – Hammam al-Sultan built.
1212 – Bab al-Nasr (gate) rebuilt.
1218 – Aqueduct restored.
1223 – Al-Sultaniyah Madrasa established.
1230 – Bab al-Maqam (gate) built.
1236 – Al-Firdaws Madrasa established.
1237
- Khanqah al-Farafira (monastery) and Al-Kameliyah Madrasa built.
- Bab al-Nairab (gate) built (approximate date).
1242 – Al-Sharafiyah Madrasa built.
1251 – Al-Turantaiyah Madrasa built.
1256 – Bab Qinnasrin (gate) rebuilt.
1260 – City besieged by Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan.
1280 – City besieged by Mongol forces.

14th–15th centuries

1303 – Mahmandar Mosque built.
1318 – Altun Bogha Mosque built.
1350 – Al-Sahibiyah Mosque built.
1354 – Bimaristan Arghun al-Kamili (asylum) active.
1398 – Al-Otrush Mosque and Al-Tawashi mosque built.
1400 – City sacked by forces of Timur of Transoxia.
1427 – Citadel expanded.
1418 – Central Synagogue rebuilt.
1425 – Al-Saffahiyah Mosque built.
1429 – Forty Martyrs Cathedral consecrated.
1450
- Khan al-Qadi active in Al-Madina Souq.
- Hammam al-Bayadah built.
1472 – Khan al-Burghul built in Al-Madina Souq.
1491 – Hammam Yalbugha built.
1500
- Cathedral of Our Lady of Syrians built.
- Church of the Dormition of Our Lady renovated.

16th century

1509 – Bab al-Hadid (gate) rebuilt.
1516 – Ottoman Selim I in power.
1517 – Becomes part of Ottoman Empire.
1534 – City becomes capital of Aleppo Eyalet.
1537 – Population: 80,000.
1539 – Souq Khan al-Nahhaseen built in Al-Madina Souq.
1546 – Khan al-Shouneh built in Al-Madina Souq.
1547 – Khusruwiyah Mosque built.
1548 – Consulate of Republic of Venice established.
1557 – Al-Adiliyah Mosque built (approximate date).
1562 – Consulate of France established.
1583 – Consulate of England established.

17th–18th centuries

1603 – Beit Wakil (mansion) built.
1622 – Levant Company in business.
1613 – Consulate of the Netherlands established.
1629 – Guild of "makers of swords, knives, daggers, bows, and shields" organized.
1682 - Souq Khan al-Wazir built in Al-Madina Souq.
1683 - Population: 115,000.
1706 - Printing press established.
1724 – Al-Ahmadiyah Madrasa established.
1730 – Madrasa Ridaiya established.

19th century

1805 – Uprising.
1812 – Earthquake; citadel collapses.
1814 – "Janissary massacre."
1822 – Earthquake.
1823
- Cholera outbreak.
- Population: 250,000 (approximate).
1827 – Plague.
1830 – Earthquake.
1832
- Ibrahim Pasha takes city for Muhammad Ali of Egypt.
- Cholera outbreak.
1834 – Military barracks built in the Citadel.
1840 – Mohammed Ali relinquishes power.
1850
- City besieged by Beduins.
- Massacre of Aleppo (1850).
1853 – Pogrom of Jews.
1858 – Population: 70,000 (approximate).
1859 – Terre-Sainte College opens.
1864 – City becomes capital of Aleppo Vilayet.
1868 – Municipal council formed.
1873 – Saint Elias Cathedral built.
1875 – Pogrom of Jews.
1878 – Population: 95,000 (approximate).
1885 – Aleppo chamber of commerce founded.
1892 – Thanawiyyat al-Ma'mun (school) opens.
1899 - Bab al-Faraj Clock Tower built.

20th century

1901 – Ades Synagogue established.
1906 – Hama-Aleppo railway in operation.
1909 – Abd al-Wahab al-Inklizi becomes mayor.
1910
- Nadi al-Ta'ddud (Mutual Aid Society) founded.
- Population: 130,000 (approximate).
1911 – Baron Hotel in business.
1912 – Baghdad Railway in operation.
1916 – Aleppo College established.
1918 – Ihsan al-Jabiri becomes mayor.
1920 - Syria mandated to the French; city becomes capital of State of Aleppo.
1922 - Red Hand Society organized (approximate date).
1924
- Damascus and Aleppo united by the French.
- Airport in operation (approximate date).
- Municipal library established.
1925 – Al-Yarmouk Sporting Club formed.
1927 – al-Hadith journal begins publication.
1931 - National Museum of Aleppo founded.
1933 - Grand Serail d'Alep opens.
1936 - al-Nazir newspaper begins publication.
1945
- National Library of Aleppo and Club d'Alep open.
1947 - Pogrom of Jews.
1948
- People's Party established.
- Al-Baladi Stadium opens.
1949
- Aleppo Public Park created.
- Al-Ittihad Sports Club and Jalaa FC formed.
1950
- Population: 362,500.
- al-Nass newspaper begins publication (approximate date).
1952 – Hurriya Sporting Club formed.
1958 – University of Aleppo established.
1963 – Nasserist insurgency.
1964 – Population: 547,030 (estimate).
1965 – Chemins de Fer Syriens headquartered in city.
1970
- Our Lady of Assumption church opens.
- Population: 639,428.
1971 – Statue of Qustaki al-Himsi erected in Liberty Square.
1975 – Popular Traditions Museum opens in Beit Achiqbash.
1977 – International School of Aleppo established.
1979 – Aleppo Artillery School massacre took place by Muslim Brotherhood.
1980 – Siege of Aleppo.
1983 – International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas seed bank founded.[1][2]
1985 – Population: 1,145,117 (estimate).
1986 – Al-Hamadaniah Stadium opens.
1990 – Population: 1,216,000.
1994
- Aleppo Citadel Museum opens.
- Population: 1,542,000 (estimate).
1997 – Lycée Français d'Alep established.

21st century

2002 – Private University of Science and Arts established.
2004 – Population: 2,132,100.
2006 – City designated an Islamic Capital of Culture.
2007 – Aleppo International Stadium opens.
2008
- Sabah Fakhri Institute of music opened.
- Population: 4,450,000 (estimate).
2012
- 10 February: Bombings.
- 18 March: Bombing.
- 4 May: Protest and crackdown.
- 19 July: Battle of Aleppo begins.
- 9 September: Bombing near the 7 April Stadium.
- 3 October: Bombing in Saadallah Al-Jabiri Square.
2013
- 15 January: Aleppo University bombings.
- 19 March: Chemical weapon attack by militants.
2016
- 22 December: Battle of Aleppo ends.
2020
- 16 February: Syrian Armed Forces recapture the entire city of Aleppo.
2024
- 30 November: Syrian opposition forces capture most of the city in a surprise offensive.

References

Bibliography

External links

Michel Ecochard. "Aleppo Album". Regional Surveys. ArchNet. 1930s–1940s
ArchNet. "Aleppo". Archived from the original on 30 October 2013.
Europeana. Items related to Aleppo
Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Aleppo
Laura Kurgan (ed.). "Conflict Urbanism: Aleppo". New York: Columbia University, Center for Spatial Research. Map of Aleppo...before and during the current civil war 2016–

36°13′N 37°10′E / 36.217°N 37.167°E / 36.217; 37.167

Timeline of Aleppo

Prior to 10th century

10th–12th centuries

13th century

14th–15th centuries

16th century

17th–18th centuries

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Bibliography

External links