This is a list of piston engines developed, independently or with other car companies, by Toyota Motor Corporation.
Toyota has produced a wide variety of automobile engines, including three-cylinder, four-cylinder, V6, V8, V10, and V12 engines. The company follows a naming system for their engines:
| Suffix | Feature | Example Engine |
|---|---|---|
| A | Valvematic variable lift intake head | 1ZR-FAE |
| B | Before 2000 indicates twin SU-style side-draft carburetors After 2000 indicates E85 Ethanol fuel.[citation needed] |
3UR-FBE |
| C | Carbureted California Emissions Controlled |
3S-FC |
| D | Twin downdraft carburetors Toyota engines manufactured by Daihatsu without VVT-i |
1KR-DE |
| E | Multi-point fuel injection | 3VZ-E |
| F | Normal cylinder head DOHC | 1G-FE |
| G | Performance cylinder head DOHC | 1G-GEU |
| H | High compression High pressure charged |
2L-THE |
| I | Single-point fuel injection | 4S-Fi |
| J | Autochoke (early models) Pollution control for commercial cars in Japan |
|
| K | On-demand Atkinson cycle in non-hybrid engines | M20A-FKS |
| L | Transverse | 1S-L |
| M | Philippines' market (meaning unknown) | |
| N | CNG fuel | 5S-FNE |
| P | LPG fuel | 3Y-P |
| R | Low Compression (For 87 and below octane fuel) | |
| S | Swirl intake (1980s) D-4S gasoline direct injection |
3A-SU |
| T | Turbocharged | 2JZ-GTE |
| U | With catalytic converter Japan-spec emissions | 3Y-EU |
| V | D-4D diesel common rail direct injection system Toyota engines manufactured by Daihatsu with VVT-i |
1GD-FTV |
| X | Hybrid Atkinson cycle | M20A-FXS |
| Z | Supercharged | 4A-GZE |
Other manufacturers may modify the engine after it has left the Toyota factory but the engine still keeps the original Toyota designation. For example, Lotus added a supercharger to the 2ZZ-GE in some versions of the Lotus Elise and Exige, but the engine is still labelled 2ZZ-GE, not 2ZZ-GZE.
Examples:
The use of "G" to denote twin cam engines was decided on in 1971, with the renaming of the 10R into 8R-G. Before that, twin cams had received separate numerical codes.
In 1987, Toyota began assigning dual letter engine codes to some of the "engine family" categories in some engine lines, particularly six-cylinder models. This can create potential confusion. E.g. 1MZ-FE – This is not a supercharged, narrow angle, fuel injected M-series engine, but a narrow angle, fuel injected MZ-series engine. Confusion is easiest to avoid when using the dash to separate between the engine series and its own characteristics: for instance, 1MZ-FE rather than 1M-ZFE.
Starting in 2015, the designations after the dash have a maximum combination of three letters, even though there are more suffixes applicable, especially when newer engine technologies are introduced. For example, both the 2GR-FKS and 8AR-FTS engines have electronic multi-point fuel injection, but the "E" suffix is not included in the code.
The Dynamic Force engine series introduced in 2017 uses a different naming scheme, which is similar to that used by Honda and Suzuki. The two numbers between the first and second letters denote the displacement of the engine in liters. The suffix denoting the features of the engine is still used, as with prior engines.
Examples:
Some engines do not share the same displacement as with the one found in the engine code. For example, the displacement of the V35A-FTS is closer to 3.4 L despite being marketed as a 3.5 L engine. Moreover, there are a few engines that use the naming scheme of the Dynamic Force family of engines but are not actually part of them, such as the diesel-powered F33A-FTV.
Starting in 1957 until 1988, Toyota established a separate dealership in Japan dedicated to cars and trucks installed with diesel engines, called Toyota Diesel Store. When the dealership was disbanded, diesel products are now available at all locations, with commercial products exclusive to Toyota Store and Toyopet Store locations.
| Engine | 1D | 2D | H (early) | H | 2H | 12H-T | 1HZ | 1HD-T | 1HD-FT | 1HD-FTE | 1HD-FTE(intercooled) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Years produced | 1956–1961 | 1962–1979 | 1967–present | 1972–present | 1981–1990 | 1986–1990 | 1990–present | 1989–2001 | 1992–1998 | 1998–2007 | 1998–2007 |
| Power (kW) | 67 @ 3600 | 71 @ 3600 | 77 @ 3500 | 101 @ 3500 | 96 @ 4000 | 123 @ 3600 | 125 @ 3600 | 125 @ 3400 | 151 @ 3400 | ||
| Power (HP) | 110 @ 2600 | 130 @ 2600 | 90 @ 3600 | 95 @ 3600 | 103 @ 3500 | 136 @ 3500 | 129 @ 4000 | 165 @ 3600 | 168 @ 3600 | 168 @ 3400 | 202 @ 3400 |
| Torque (Nm) | 343 @ 1200 | 392 @ 1400 | 205 @ 2200 | 216 @ 2200 | 240 @ 2000 | 313 @ 2000 | 285 @ 2200 | 363 @ 2000 | 380 @ 2500 | 380 @ 3200 | 430 @ 3200 |
| Torque (ft·lb) | 151 @ 2200 | 159 @ 2200 | 177 @ 2000 | 231 @ 2000 | 210 @ 2200 | 268 @ 2000 | 280 @ 2500 | 280 @ 3200 | 317 @ 3200 | ||
| Capacity | 5890 cc | 6494 cc | 3576 cc | 3576 cc | 3980 cc | 3980 cc | 4164 cc | 4164 cc | 4164 cc | 4164 cc | 4164 cc |
| Bore × Stroke (mm) | 100 × 125 | 105 × 125 | 88 × 98 | 88 × 98 | 91 × 102 | 91 × 102 | 94 × 100 | 94 × 100 | 94 × 100 | 94 × 100 | 94 × 100 |
| Compression Ratio | 17.2 : 1 | 18.0 : 1 | 21.0 : 1 | 19.5 : 1 | 20.7 : 1 | 18.6 : 1 | 22.7 : 1 | 18.6 : 1 | 18.6 : 1 | 18.8 : 1 | 18.8 : 1 |
| Aspiration | Natural | Natural | Natural | Natural | Natural | Turbo | Natural | Turbo | Turbo | Turbo | Turbo(Intercooled) |
| Number of Valves | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Cam Arrangement | Gear-driven OHV | Gear-driven OHV | Gear-driven OHV | Gear-driven OHV | Belt-driven SOHC | Belt-driven SOHC | Belt-driven SOHC | Belt-driven SOHC | Belt-driven SOHC | ||
| Injection | Indirect | Indirect | Indirect | Direct | Indirect | Direct | Direct | Direct | Direct | ||
| Injector Pump | Inline | Inline | Inline | Inline | Rotary | Rotary | Rotary | Rotary | Rotary |
There's also a clue in the engine's designation of G40E.
Toyota has not published an explanation of the codes used for engine features. Matti Kalalahti derived a list of engine feature codes and published them on his "Engine codes explained" web page in Oct 1999.
