List of file formats

Application packages

• AAB – An Android App Bundle, which is the Android (and Android TV) application publishing format (required by Google Play) taking over from APK
• APK – An Android package, or a application installable on Android. (also installable in derivatives). Additionally, package format of the Alpine Linux distribution
• APPX – Microsoft Application Package
• APP – HarmonyOS APP Packs file format for HarmonyOS apps installable from AppGallery and third party OpenHarmony based app distribution stores
• DMG – Application file on Macintosh devices; used by all third-party apps and some direct Apple Inc. applications
• DEB – Debian install package
• HPKG – Haiku application package format
• IPG – Format in which Apple Inc. packages their iPod games; can be extracted through WinRAR (and other file archivers)
• MSI – Windows installation package
• RPM – Red Hat package/installer for Fedora, RHEL, and similar systems
• SIS, SISX – Symbian Application Packages
• XAP – Windows Phone Application Package

Physical recordable media archiving

• ADF – Amiga floppy disks archive
• ADZ – GZip-compressed version of ADF
• B5T – BlindWrite 5 image file
• B6T – BlindWrite 6 image file
• BWT – BlindWrite 4 image file
• BIN – Raw binary format, often paired with CUE
• CDI – DiscJuggler image file
• CUE – CDRWrite CUE image file
• CIF – Easy CD Creator .cif format
• C2D – Roxio-WinOnCD .c2d format
• DAA – PowerISO .daa format
• D64 – Commodore 64 floppy disk archive
• DAA – Closed-format, Windows-only compressed disk image
• DMG – Macintosh disk image files
• DMS – a disk-archiving system native to the Amiga
• DSK – For archiving floppy disks from a number of other platforms, including the ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC.
• ESD – Electronic Software Distribution, a compressed and encrypted WIM File
• FFPPKG – FreeFire Profile Export Package
• GHO, GHS – GHO Norton Ghost
• IMG – Raw disk image, for archiving DOS formatted floppy disks, hard drives, and larger optical media
• ISO – Generic format for most optical media, including CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Wii, Blu-ray, HD DVD, and UMD
• MDS – Daemon Tools native disc image format used for making images from optical CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, HD DVD, or Blu-ray; it comes together with MDF file and can be mounted with DAEMON Tools
• MDX – Daemon Tools format that allows getting one MDX disc image file instead of two (MDF and MDS)
• NRG – Proprietary optical media archive format used by Nero applications
• SDI – Archives and provides "virtual disk" functionality
• SWM – Split WIM File, usually found on OEM Recovery Partition to store preinstalled Windows image, and to make Recovery backup (to USB Drive) easier (due to FAT32 limitations)
• TIB – TIB Acronis True Image backup
• WIM – Compressed disk image used for installing Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PC, Windows Vista or higher, or for restoring a system image made from Backup and Restore (Windows Vista and 7)
• VHD / VDHX – Virtual disk created by Hyper-V (Hyper-V runs on Microsoft Windows)

Computer-aided design (CAD)

Computer-aided design (CAD) software assists engineers, architects and other design professionals in project design.

• 3DXML – Dassault Systèmes graphic representation
• 3MF – 3D Manufacturing Format
• ACP – VA Software VA – Virtual Architecture CAD file
• AMF – Additive Manufacturing File Format
• AEC – DataCAD drawing format
• AEDT – Ansys Electronic Desktop – Project file
• AR – Ashlar-Vellum Argon – 3D Modeling
• ART – ArtCAM model
• ASC – BRL-CAD Geometry File (old ASCII format)
• ASM – Solidedge Assembly, Pro/ENGINEER Assembly
• BREP – Open CASCADE 3D model (shape)
• C3D – C3D Toolkit File Format
• C3P – Construct3 Files
• CCC – CopyCAD Curves
• CCM – CopyCAD Model
• CCS – CopyCAD Session
• CAD – CadStd
• CATDrawing – CATIA V5 Drawing document
• CATPart – CATIA V5 Part document
• CATProduct – CATIA V5 Assembly document
• CATProcess – CATIA V5 Manufacturing document
• CGR – CATIA V5 graphic representation file
• CKD – KeyCreator CAD parts, assemblies, and drawings
• CKT – KeyCreator template file
• CO – Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt – parametric drafting and 3D modeling
• DAB – AppliCad 3D model CAD file
• DRW – Caddie Early version of Caddie drawing (prior to Caddie changing to DWG)
• DFT – Solidedge Draft
• DGN – MicroStation design file
• DGK – Delcam Geometry
• DMT – Delcam Machining Triangles
• DXF – ASCII Drawing Interchange file format, AutoCAD
• DWB – VariCAD drawing file
• DWF – Autodesk's Web Design Format; AutoCAD & Revit can publish to this format; similar in concept to PDF files
• DWG – Popular format for Computer Aided Drafting applications, notably AutoCAD, Open Design Alliance applications, and Autodesk Inventor.
• EASM – SolidWorks eDrawings assembly file
• EDRW – eDrawings drawing file
• EMB – Wilcom's EmbroideryStudio and Hatch Embroidery CAD file
• EPRT – eDrawings part file
• EscPcb – "esCAD pcb" data file by Electro-System (Japan)
• EscSch – "esCAD sch" data file by Electro-System (Japan)
• ESW – AGTEK format
• EXCELLON – Excellon file
• EXP – Drawing Express format
• F3D – Autodesk Fusion 360 archive file
• FCStd – Native format for FreeCAD CAD/CAM packages
• FM – FeatureCAM Part File
• FMZ – FormZ Project file
• G – BRL-CAD Geometry File
• GBR – Gerber file
• GCODE – G-code Geometric code; contains instructions for 3D printers
• GLM – KernelCAD model
• GRB – T-FLEX CAD File
• GRI – AppliCad GRIM-In file in readable text form for importing roof and wall cladding job data generated by business management and accounting systems into modelling/estimating programs
• GRO – AppliCad GRIM-Out file in readable text form for exporting roof and wall cladding data job material and labor costing data, material lists generated by modelling/estimating programs to business management and accounting systems
• IAM – Autodesk Inventor Assembly file
• ICD – IronCAD 2D CAD file
• IDW – Autodesk Inventor Drawing file
• IFC – buildingSMART for sharing AEC and FM data
• IGES – Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
• DGN, CEL – Intergraph Standard File Formats Intergraph
• IO – Stud.io 3D model
• IPN – Autodesk Inventor Presentation file
• IPT – Autodesk Inventor Part file
• JT – Jupiter Tesselation
• MCD – Monu-CAD (Monument/Headstone Drawing file)
• MDG – Model of Digital Geometric Kernel
• model – CATIA V4 part document
• OCD – Orienteering Computer Aided Design (OCAD) file
• PAR – Solidedge Part
• PART – A file used with Stud.Io
• PIPE – PIPE-FLO Professional Piping system design file
• PLN – ArchiCad project
• PIXIL – Pixilart.com file
• PRT – NX (recently known as Unigraphics), Pro/ENGINEER Part, CADKEY Part
• PSM – Solidedge Sheet
• PSMODEL – PowerSHAPE Model
• PWI – PowerINSPECT File
• PYT – Pythagoras File
• RLF – ArtCAM Relief
• RVM – AVEVA PDMS 3D Review model
• RVT – Autodesk Revit project files
• RFA – Autodesk Revit family files
• RFT – Autodesk Revit Revit Family Template
• RXF – AppliCad annotated 3D roof and wall geometry data in readable text form used to exchange 3D model geometry with other systems such as truss design software
• S12 – Spirit file, by Softtech
• SCAD – OpenSCAD 3D part model
• SCDOC – SpaceClaim 3D Part/Assembly
• SHAPR – Shapr3D
• SKB – Google SketchUp backup File
• SKP – Sketchup
• SLDASM – SolidWorks Assembly drawing
• SLDDRW – SolidWorks 2D drawing
• SLDPRT – SolidWorks 3D part model
• dotXSI – For Softimage
• STATE – A file used by the IaC tool to record information about what has been deployed by the tool.
• STEP – Standard for the Exchange of Product model data
• STL – Stereo Lithographic data format used by various CAD systems and stereo lithographic printing machines.
• STD – Power Vision Plus – Electricity Meter Data (Circuitor)
• SVF - Autodesk proprietary model format
• SVF2 - Updated SVF format type
• TCT – TurboCAD drawing template
• TCW – TurboCAD for Windows 2D and 3D drawing
• UNV – I-DEAS I-DEAS (Integrated Design and Engineering Analysis Software)
• VC6 – Ashlar-Vellum Graphite – 2D and 3D drafting
• VLM – Ashlar-Vellum Vellum, Vellum 2D, Vellum Draft, Vellum 3D, DrawingBoard
• VS – Ashlar-Vellum Vellum Solids
• WRL – Similar to STL, but includes color. Used by various CAD systems and 3D printing rapid prototyping machines. Also used for VRML models on the web.
• X_B – Parasolids binary format
• X_T – Parasolids
• XE – Ashlar-Vellum Xenon – for associative 3D modeling
• ZOFZPROJ – ZofzPCB 3D PCB model, containing mesh, netlist and BOM

Electronic design automation (EDA)

Electronic design automation (EDA), or electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is specific to the field of electrical engineering.

• BRD – Board file for EAGLE Layout Editor, a commercial PCB design tool
• BSDL – Description language for testing through JTAG
• CDL – Transistor-level netlist format for IC design
• CPF – Power-domain specification in system-on-a-chip (SoC) implementation (see also UPF)
• DEF – Gate-level layout
• Detailed Standard Parasitic Format – Detailed Standard Parasitic Format, Analog-level Parastic component of interconnections in IC design
• EDIF – Vendor neutral gate-level netlist format
• FSDB – Analog waveform format (see also Waveform viewer)
• GDSII – Format for PCB and layout of integrated circuits
• HEX – ASCII-coded binary format for memory dumps
• LEF – Library Exchange Format, physical abstract of cells for IC design
• Liberty (EDA) – Library modeling (function, timing) format
• MS12 – NI Multisim file
• OASIS – Open Artwork System Interchange Standard
• OpenAccess – Design database format with APIs
• PSF – Cadence proprietary format to store simulation results/waveforms (2GB limit)
• PSFXL – Cadence proprietary format to store simulation results/waveforms
• SDC – Synopsys Design Constraints, format for synthesis constraints
• SDF – Standard for gate-level timings
• SPEF – Standard format for Parasitic component of interconnections in IC design
• SPI, CIR – SPICE Netlist, device-level netlist and commands for simulation
• SREC, S19 – S-record, ASCII-coded format for memory dumps
• SST2 – Cadence proprietary format to store mixed-signal simulation results/waveforms
• STIL – Standard Test Interface Language, IEEE1450-1999 standard for Test Patterns for IC
• SV – SystemVerilog source file
• S*P – Touchstone/EEsof Scattering parameter data file – multi-port blackbox performance, measurement or simulated
• TLF – Contains timing and logical information about a collection of cells (circuit elements)
• UPF – Standard for Power-domain specification in SoC implementation
• V – Verilog source file
• VCD – Standard format for digital simulation waveform
• VHD, VHDL – VHDL source file
• WGL – Waveform Generation Language, format for Test Patterns for IC

Test technology

Files output from Automatic Test Equipment or post-processed from such.

• Standard Test Data Format

Financial data transfer formats

• IFX – Interactive Financial Exchange XML-based specification for financial transactions
• OFX – Open Financial Exchange, open standard supported by CheckFree and Microsoft and partly by Intuit; SGML and later XML based
• QFX – proprietary pay-only format used only by Intuit
• QIF – Quicken Interchange Format open standard formerly supported by Intuit

Color palettes

• ACT – Adobe Color Table; contains a raw color palette and consists of 256 24-bit RGB colour values.
• ASE – Adobe Swatch Exchange; used by Adobe Substance, Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
• GPL – GIMP palette file; uses a text representation of color names and RGB values; various open source graphical editors can read this format, including GIMP, Inkscape, Krita, KolourPaint, Scribus, CinePaint, and MyPaint
• PAL – Microsoft RIFF palette file

Color management

• ICC, ICM – Color profile conforming the specification of the ICC

Raster graphics

Raster or bitmap files store images as a group of pixels.

• ART – America Online proprietary format
• ASE, ASEPRITE – Aseprite Project format
• AVIF – AV1 Image File Format File Format
• BLP – Blizzard Entertainment proprietary texture format
• BMP – Microsoft Windows bitmap formatted image
• BTI – Nintendo proprietary texture format
• C4 – JEDMICS image files, a DOD system
• CALS – JEDMICS image files, a DOD system
• CD5 – Chasys Draw IES image
• CIT – Intergraph monochrome bitmap format
• CPT – Corel PHOTO-PAINT image
• CLIP – CLIP STUDIO PAINT format
• CPL – Microsoft Windows control panel file
• DDS – DirectX texture file
• DIB – Device-Independent Bitmap graphic
• DjVu – designed for scanned documents
• EGT – EGT Universal Document, used in EGT SmartSense to compress PNG files to yet a smaller file
• Exif – Exchangeable image file format is a specification for the image format used by digital cameras
• GIF – CompuServe's Graphics Interchange Format
• FLIF – Free Lossless Image Format
• GIFV – Graphics Interchange Format Video, a format used for short, looping videos that combines the advantages of GIFs and videos, with better playback quality and lower file sizes
• GRF – Zebra Technologies proprietary format
• ICNS – format for icons in macOS; contains bitmap images at multiple resolutions and bitdepths with alpha channel
• HEIF, HEIC – High Efficiency Image File Format
• ICO – a format used for icons in Microsoft Windows; contains small bitmap images at multiple resolutions and bitdepths with 1-bit transparency or alpha channel
• IFF, ILBM, LBM – IFF ILBM
• JNG – a single-frame MNG using JPEG compression and possibly an alpha channel
• JBIG – JBIG
• JPEG, JPG, JFIF – Joint Photographic Experts Group; a lossy image format widely used to display photographic images
• JP2 – JPEG2000
• JAI – JPEG AI
• JAIC – JPEG AIC
• JAR – JPEG AR
• JD – JPEG DNA
• JFM – JPEG Fake Media
• JLS – JPEG LS
• JNFT – JPEG NFT
• JPP – JPEG Pleno
• JRF – JPEG RF
• JPS – JPEG Stereo
• JSY – JPEG Systems
• JXL – JPEG XL, an image format designed for professional photography and web images; supports wide color gamut, high dynamic range, animations, and a max resolution of 1,073,741,823 x 1,073,741,824
• JXR – JPEG XR
• JXS – JPEG XS
• JXT – JPEG XT
• KRA – Krita image file
• LBM – Deluxe Paint image file
• MAX – ScanSoft PaperPort document
• MIFF – ImageMagick's native file format
• MNG – Multiple-image Network Graphics, the animated version of PNG
• MSP – a format used by old versions of Microsoft Paint; replaced by BMP in Microsoft Windows 3.0
• NEF – Nikon camera raw format; photos have this on some Nikon cameras if the quality RAW is selected in camera settings
• NITF – A U.S. Government standard commonly used in Intelligence systems
• OTB – Over The Air bitmap, a specification designed by Nokia for black and white images for mobile phones
• PBM – portable bitmap
• compressed Degas picture files:
  • PC1 – low resolution
  • PC2 – medium resolution
  • PC3 – high resolution
• PCF – Pixel Coordination Format
• PCX – a lossless format used by ZSoft's PC Paint, popular for a time on DOS systems.
• PDD – Adobe PhotoDeluxe image
• PDN – Paint.NET image file
• PGF – Progressive Graphics File
• PGM – Portable graymap
• uncompressed Degas picture files:
  • PI1 – low resolution
  • PI2 – medium resolution
  • PI3 – high resolution
• PI2 – Portrait Innovations encrypted image format
• PICT, PCT – Apple Macintosh PICT image
• PNG – Portable Network Graphics (lossless, recommended for display and edition of graphic images)
• PNJ – a sub-format of the MNG file format, used for encapsulating JPEG files
• PNM – Portable anymap graphic bitmap image
• PNS – PNG Stereo
• PPM – Portable Pixmap (Pixel Map) image
• procreate – Procreate's drawing file
• Adobe Photoshop files:
  • PSB – large document
  • PSD – document
• PSP – Paint Shop Pro image
• PX – Pixel image editor image file
• PXM – Pixelmator image file
• PXR – Pixar Image Computer image file
• PXZ – a compressed layered image file used for Pixlr
• QFX – QuickLink Fax image
• QOI – Quite OK Image, a compressed lossless image format
• RLE – a run-length encoding image
• SCT – Scitex Continuous Tone image file
• SGI, RGB, INT, BW – Silicon Graphics Image
• TGA, TARGA, ICB, VDA, VST, PIX – Truevision TGA (Targa) image
• TIFF, TIF – Tag(ged) Image File Format; usually lossless, but many variants exist, including lossy ones.
• TIFF/EP, TIF, TIFF – Tag Image File Format / Electronic Photography, ISO 12234-2; tends to be used as a basis for other formats rather than in its own right
• VTF – Valve Texture Format
• WEBP – WebP, an image format designed for the web that can provide both lossless and lossy compression
• XBM – X Window System Bitmap
• XCF – GIMP image (from Gimp's origin at the eXperimental Computing Facility of the University of California)
• XPM – X Window System Pixmap
• ZIF – Zoomable/Zoomify Image Format (a web-friendly, TIFF-based, zoomable image format)

Vector graphics

Vector graphics use geometric primitives such as points, lines, curves, and polygons to represent images.

• 3DV file – 3-D wireframe graphics by Oscar Garcia
• AMF – Additive Manufacturing File Format
• AWG – Ability Draw
• AI – Adobe Illustrator Document
• CGM – Computer Graphics Metafile, an ISO Standard
• CDR – CorelDRAW Document
• CMX – CorelDRAW vector image
• DP – Drawing Program file for PERQ
• DRAWIO – Diagrams.net offline diagram
• DXF – ASCII Drawing Interchange file Format, used in AutoCAD and other CAD-programs
• E2D – 2-dimensional vector graphics used by the editor which is included in JFire
• EGT – EGT Universal Document, EGT Vector Draw images are used to draw vector to a website
• EPS – Encapsulated Postscript
• FS – FlexiPro file.x
• GBR – Gerber file
• ODG – OpenDocument Drawing
• MOVIE.BYU – 3D Vector file for polygons, coordinates and more complex shapes
• RenderMan – Displays Shading in both 2D and 3D scapes
• SVG – Scalable Vector Graphics, employs XML
• 3DMLW – Scene description languages (3D vector image formats)
• STL – Stereo Lithographic data format (see STL (file format)) used by various CAD systems and stereo lithographic printing machines. See above.
• WRL – Virtual Reality Modeling Language, VRML Uses this extension for the creation of 3D viewable web images.
• X3D – XML-based file for communicating 3D graphics
• SXD – OpenOffice.org XML (obsolete) Drawing
• TGAX – Texture format used by Zwift
• V2D – voucher design used by the voucher management included in JFire
• VDOC – Vector format used in AnyCut, CutStorm, DrawCut, DragonCut, FutureDRAW, MasterCut, SignMaster, VinylMaster software by Future Corporation
• VSD – Vector format used by Microsoft Visio
• VSDX – Vector format used by MS Visio and opened by VSDX Annotator
• VND – Vision numeric Drawing file used in TypeEdit, Gravostyle.
• WMF – Windows Meta File
• EMF – Enhanced (Windows) MetaFile, an extension to WMF
• ART – Xara–Drawing (superseded by XAR)
• XAR – Xara–Drawing

3D graphics

3D graphics are 3D models that allow building models in real-time or non-real-time 3D rendering.

• 3DMF – QuickDraw 3D Metafile (.3dmf)
• 3DM – OpenNURBS Initiative 3D Model (used by Rhinoceros 3D) (.3dm)
• 3MF – 3D Manufacturing Format
• 3DS – legacy 3D Studio Model (.3ds)
• ABC – Alembic (computer graphics)
• AC – AC3D Model
• AMF – Additive Manufacturing File Format
• AN8 – Anim8or Model
• AOI – Art of Illusion Model
• ASM – PTC Creo assembly
• B3D – Blitz3D Model
• BBMODEL – Blockbench Model
• BLEND – Blender
• Hip -.hip (and .hipnc for the non-commercial version, or .hiplc for Houdini Apprentice/Indie)
• BLOCK – Blender encrypted blend files
• BMD3 – Nintendo GameCube first-party J3D proprietary model format (.bmd)
• BDL4 – Nintendo GameCube and Wii first-party J3D proprietary model format (2002, 2006–2010) (.bdl)
• BRRES – Nintendo Wii proprietary model format
• BFRES – Nintendo Wii U and later Switch proprietary model format
• BCRES – Nintendo 3DS proprietary model format
• C4D – Cinema 4D (.c4d)
• Cal3D – Cal3D (.cal3d)
• CCP4 – X-ray crystallography voxels (electron density)
• CFL – Compressed File Library
• COB – Caligari Object
• CORE3D – Coreona 3D Coreona 3D Virtual File (.core3d)
• CTM – OpenCTM
• DAE – COLLADA
• DFF – RenderWare binary stream, commonly used by Grand Theft Auto III-era games as well as other RenderWare titles
• DN – Adobe Dimension CC file format
• DPM – DeepMesh
• DTS – Torque Game Engine (DTS (file format))
• EGG – Panda3D Engine
• FACT – Electric Image (.fac)
• FBX – Autodesk FBX
• G – BRL-CAD geometry
• GLB – a binary form of glTF required to be loaded in Facebook 3D Posts
• GLM – Ghoul Mesh
• glTF – the JSON-based standard developed by Khronos Group
• HEC – Hector Game Engine – Flatspace model format
• IO – Bricklink Stud.io 2.0 Model File
• IOB – Imagine (3D modeling software)
• JAS – Cheetah 3D file
• JMESH – Universal mesh data exchange file based on JMesh specification (.jmsh for text/JSON based, .bmsh for binary/UBJSON based)
• LDR – LDraw Model File
• LWO – Lightwave Object
• LWS – Lightwave Scene
• LXF – LEGO Digital Designer Model file
• LXO – Luxology Modo (software) file
• M3D – Model3D, universal, engine-neutral format
• MA – Autodesk Maya ASCII File
• MAX – Autodesk 3D Studio Max file
• MB – Autodesk Maya Binary File
• MPD – LDraw Multi-Part Document Model File
• MD2 – MD2: Quake II model format
• MD3 – MD3: Quake III model format
• MD5 – MD5: Doom 3 model format
• MDX – Blizzard Entertainment's own model format
• MESH – New York University (.m)
• MESH – Meshwork Model (.mesh)
• MIOBJECT – Mine-Imator object file
• MIPARTICLE – Mine-Imator particle file
• MIMODEL – Mine-Imator model file
• MM3D – Misfit Model 3D
• MPO – Multi-Picture Object – This JPEG standard is used for 3D images, as with the Nintendo 3DS
• MRC – MRC: voxels in cryo-electron microscopy
• NIF – Gamebryo NetImmerse File
• NWC – Navisworks – cached version of the converted model geometry
• NWD – Navisworks – publish format
• NWF – Navisworks – working format for projects
• OBJ – Wavefront .obj file
• OFF – OFF Object file format
• OGEX – Open Game Engine Exchange (OpenGEX) format
• PLY – PLY: Polygon File Format / Stanford Triangle Format
• PRC – Adobe PRC (embedded in PDF files)
• PRT – PTC Creo part
• POV – POV-Ray document
• R3D – Realsoft 3D (Real-3D)
• RWX – RenderWare Object
• SIA – Nevercenter Silo Object
• SIB – Nevercenter Silo Object
• SKP – SketchUp file
• SLDASM – SolidWorks Assembly Document
• SLDPRT – SolidWorks Part Document
• SMD – Valve Studiomdl Data format
• U3D – Universal 3D format
• USD – Universal Scene Description
• USDA – Universal Scene Description, human-readable text format
• USDC – Universal Scene Description, binary format
• USDZ – Universal Scene Description, a zip-compressed container
• VIM – Revizto visual information model format (.vimproj)
• VRML97 – VRML Virtual reality modeling language (.wrl)
• VUE – Vue scene file
• VWX – Vectorworks
• WINGS – Wings3D
• W3D – Westwood 3D Model
• X – DirectX 3D Model
• X3D – Extensible 3D
• Z3D – Zmodeler
• ZBMX – Mecabricks Blender Add-On

Multi-domain

• NetCDF – Network common data format
• HDR, HDF, h4, h5 – Hierarchical Data Format
• SDXF – SDXF, (Structured Data Exchange Format)
• CDF – Common Data Format
• CGNS – CGNS, CFD General Notation System
• FMF – Full-Metadata Format

Meteorology

• GRIB – Grid in Binary, WMO format for weather model data
• BUFR – WMO format for weather observation data
• PP – UK Met Office format for weather model data
• NASA-Ames – Simple text format for observation data. First used in aircraft studies of the atmosphere.

Chemistry

• CML – Chemical Markup Language (CML) (.cml)
• MOL, SD, SDF – Chemical table file (CTab)
• DX, JDX – Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data (JCAMP)
• SMI – Simplified molecular input line entry specification (SMILES)

Mathematics

• G6, S6 – graph6, sparse6, ASCII encoding of Adjacency matrices

Biology

Molecular biology and bioinformatics:

• AB1 – In DNA sequencing, chromatogram files used by instruments from Applied Biosystems
• ACE – A sequence assembly format
• ASN.1 – Abstract Syntax Notation One, is an International Standards Organization (ISO) data representation format used to achieve interoperability between platforms. NCBI uses ASN.1 for the storage and retrieval of data such as nucleotide and protein sequences, structures, genomes, and PubMed records.
• BAM – Binary Alignment/Map format (compressed SAM format)
• BCF – Binary compressed VCF format
• BED – The browser extensible display format is used for describing genes and other features of DNA sequences
• CAF – Common Assembly Format for sequence assembly
• CRAM – compressed file format for storing biological sequences aligned to a reference sequence
• DDBJ – The flatfile format used by the DDBJ to represent database records for nucleotide and peptide sequences from DDBJ databases.
• EMBL – The flatfile format used by the EMBL to represent database records for nucleotide and peptide sequences from EMBL databases.
• FASTA – The FASTA format, for sequence data. Sometimes also given as FNA or FAA (Fasta Nucleic Acid or Fasta Amino Acid).
• FASTQ – The FASTQ format, for sequence data with quality. Sometimes also given as QUAL.
• GCPROJ – The Genome Compiler project. Advanced format for genetic data to be designed, shared and visualized.
• GenBank – The flatfile format used by the NCBI to represent database records for nucleotide and peptide sequences from the GenBank and RefSeq databases
• GFF – The General feature format is used to describe genes and other features of DNA, RNA, and protein sequences
• GTF – The Gene transfer format is used to hold information about gene structure
• MAF – The Multiple Alignment Format stores multiple alignments for whole-genome to whole-genome comparisons
• NCBI – Structured ASN.1 format used at National Center for Biotechnology Information for DNA and protein data
• NEXUS – The Nexus file encodes mixed information about genetic sequence data in a block structured format
• NeXML – XML format for phylogenetic trees
• NWK – The Newick tree format is a way of representing graph-theoretical trees with edge lengths using parentheses and commas and useful to hold phylogenetic trees.
• PDB – structures of biomolecules deposited in Protein Data Bank, also used to exchange protein and nucleic acid structures
• PHD – Phred output, from the base-calling software Phred
• PLN – Protein Line Notation used in proteax software specification
• SAM – SAM, Sequence Alignment Map format, in which the results of the 1000 Genomes Project will be released
• SBML – The Systems Biology Markup Language is used to store biochemical network computational models
• SCF – Staden chromatogram files used to store data from DNA sequencing
• SFF – Standard Flowgram Format
• SRA – format used by the National Center for Biotechnology Information Short Read Archive to store high-throughput DNA sequence data
• Stockholm – The Stockholm format for representing multiple sequence alignments
• Swiss-Prot – The flatfile format used to represent database records for protein sequences from the Swiss-Prot database
• VCF – Variant Call Format, a standard created by the 1000 Genomes Project that lists and annotates the entire collection of human variants (with the exception of approximately 1.6 million variants).

Biomedical imaging

• DCM – Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
• NIfTI – Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative
• NII – single-file (combined data and meta-data) style
• NII.GZ – gzip-compressed, used transparently by some software, notably the FMRIB Software Library (FSL)
• GII – single-file (combined data and meta-data) style; NIfTI offspring for brain surface data
• IMG, HDR – dual-file (separate data and meta-data, respectively) style
• IMG, HDR – Analyze data, meta-data
• BRIK, HEAD – AFNI data, meta-data
• MGH – uncompressed, Massachusetts General Hospital imaging format, used by the FreeSurfer brain analysis package
• MGZ – zip-compressed, Massachusetts General Hospital imaging format, used by the FreeSurfer brain analysis package
• MINC – Medical Imaging NetCDF format
• MNC – previously based on NetCDF; since version 2.0, based on HDF5

Biomedical signals (time series)

• ACQ – AcqKnowledge format for Windows/PC from Biopac Systems Inc., Goleta, CA, USA
• ADICHT – LabChart format from ADInstruments Pty Ltd, Bella Vista NSW, Australia
• BCI2000 – The BCI2000 project, Albany, NY, USA
• BDF – BioSemi data format from BioSemi B.V. Amsterdam, Netherlands
• BKR – The EEG data format developed at the University of Technology Graz, Austria
• CFWB – Chart Data Format from ADInstruments Pty Ltd, Bella Vista NSW, Australia
• DICOM – Waveform An extension of Dicom for storing waveform data
• ecgML – A markup language for electrocardiogram data acquisition and analysis
• EDF, EDF+ – European Data Format
• FEF – File Exchange Format for Vital signs, CEN TS 14271
• GDF – The General Data Format for biomedical signals
• HL7aECG – Health Level 7 v3 annotated ECG
• MFER – Medical waveform Format Encoding Rules
• OpenXDF – Open Exchange Data Format from Neurotronics, Inc., Gainesville, FL, USA
• SCP-ECG – Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography EN1064:2007
• SIGIF – A digital SIGnal Interchange Format with application in neurophysiology
• WFDB – Format of Physiobank
• XDF – eXtensible Data Format

Other biomedical formats

• HL7 – Health Level 7, a framework for exchange, integration, sharing, and retrieval of health information electronically
• xDT – a family of data exchange formats for medical records

Biometric formats

• CBF – Common Biometric Format, based on CBEFF 2.0 (Common Biometric ExFramework).
• EBF – Extended Biometric Format, based on CBF but with S/MIME encryption support and semantic extensions
• CBFX – XML Common Biometric Format, based upon XCBF 1.1 (OASIS XML Common Biometric Format)
• EBFX – XML Extended Biometric Format, based on CBFX but with W3C XML Encryption support and semantic extensions

Certificates and keys

• GXK – Galaxkey, an encryption platform for authorized, private and confidential email communication^{[citation needed]}
• SSH – OpenSSH private key, Secure Shell private key; format generated by ssh-keygen or converted from PPK with PuTTYgen
• PUB – OpenSSH public key, Secure Shell public key; format generated by ssh-keygen or PuTTYgen
• PPK – PuTTY private key, Secure Shell private key, in the format generated by PuTTYgen instead of the format used by OpenSSH
• nSign – nSign public key nSign public key in a custom format

Encrypted files

This section shows file formats for encrypted general data, rather than a specific program's data.

• AXX – Encrypted file, created with AxCrypt or Xecrets Ez
• EEA – An encrypted CAB, ostensibly for protecting email attachments
• TC – Virtual encrypted disk container, created by TrueCrypt
• HC – Virtual encrypted disk container, created by VeraCrypt
• KODE – Encrypted file, created with KodeFile
• Lockbit – Used in Ransomwares, trojans, and other viruses
• nSignE – An encrypted private key, created by nSign

Password files

Password files (sometimes called keychain files) contain lists of other passwords, usually encrypted.

• BPW – Encrypted password file created by Bitser password manager
• KDB – KeePass 1 database
• KDBX – KeePass 2 database

Lossless audio

Lossy audio

• AC3 – Usually used for Dolby Digital tracks
• AMR – For GSM and UMTS based mobile phones
• MP1 – MPEG Layer 1
• MP2 – MPEG Layer 2
• MP3 – MPEG Layer 3
• SPX – Speex (Ogg project, specialized for voice, low bitrates)
• GSM – GSM Full Rate, originally developed for use in mobile phones
• WMA – Windows Media Audio
• AAC – Advanced Audio Coding (usually in an MPEG-4 container)
• MPC – Musepack
• VQF – Yamaha TwinVQ
• OTS – Audio File (similar to MP3, with more data stored in the file and slightly better compression; designed for use with OtsLabs' OtsAV)
• SWA – Adobe Shockwave Audio (Same compression as MP3 with additional header information specific to Adobe Director)
• VOX – Dialogic ADPCM Low Sample Rate Digitized Voice
• VOC – Creative Labs Soundblaster Creative Voice 8-bit & 16-bit Also output format of RCA Audio Recorders
• DWD – DiamondWare Digitized
• SMP – Turtlebeach SampleVision
• OGG – Ogg Vorbis

Tracker modules and related

• MOD – Soundtracker and Protracker sample and melody modules
• MT2 – MadTracker 2 module
• S3M – Scream Tracker 3 module
• XM – Fast Tracker module
• IT – Impulse Tracker module
• SNG – Goat Tracker module
• NSF – NES Sound Format
• GBS – Game Boy Sound System
• MID, MIDI – Standard MIDI file; most often just notes and controls but occasionally also sample dumps (.mid, .rmi)
• FTM – FamiTracker Project file
• BTM – BambooTracker Project file
• FUR – Furnace Tracker Project file

Sheet music files

• ABC – ABC Notation sheet music file
• DARMS – DARMS File Format also known as the Ford-Columbia Format
• ETF – Enigma Transportation Format abandoned sheet music exchange format
• GP – Guitar Pro sheet music and tablature file
• KERN – Kern File Format sheet music file
• LY – LilyPond sheet music file
• MEI – Music Encoding Initiative file format that attempts to encode all musical notations
• MIDI – MIDI file format that is a music sheet for instruments
• MUS, MUSX – Finale sheet music file
• MXL, XML – MusicXML standard sheet music exchange format
• MSCX, MSCZ – MuseScore sheet music file
• SMDL – Standard Music Description Language sheet music file
• SIB – Sibelius sheet music file

Other file formats pertaining to audio

• ASF – Advanced Systems Format
• CUST – DeliPlayer custom sound format
• GYM – Genesis YM2612 log
• JAM – Jam music format
• MNG – Background music for the Creatures game series, starting from Creatures 2
• NIFF – Notation Interchange File Format
• PTB – Power Tab Editor tab
• PVD – Portable Voice Document used for Oaisys & Mitel call recordings
• RMJ – RealJukebox Media used for RealPlayer
• SF2 – Polyphone Soundfont 2
• SF3 – Polyphone Soundfont 3
• SF4 – Polyphone Soundfont 4
• SID – Sound Interface Device – Commodore 64 instructions to play SID music and sound effects
• SPC – Super NES sound format
• TXM – Track ax media
• VGM – Stands for "Video Game Music", log for several different chips
• YM – Atari ST/Amstrad CPC YM2149 sound chip format

Subtitles

• ASS, SSA – ASS (also SSA): a subtitles file created by Aegisub, a video typesetting application (also a Halo game engine file)
• SMI – SMI SAMI Caption file (HTML like subtitle for movie files)
• SRT – SubRip Subtitle – file format for closed captioning or subtitles

Video editing, production

• BRAW – Blackmagic Design RAW video file name
• DRP – Davinci Resolve 17 project file
• FCP – Final Cut Pro project file
• MSWMM – Windows Movie Maker project file
• PDS – Cyberlink PowerDirector project
• PPJ, PRPROJ – Adobe Premiere Pro video editing file
• AEP – Adobe After Effects video editing file
• IMOVIEPROJ – iMovie project file
• VEG, VEG-BAK – Sony Vegas project file
• SUF – Sony camera configuration file (setup.suf) produced by XDCAM-EX camcorders
• WLMP – Windows Live Movie Maker project file
• KDENLIVE – Kdenlive project file
• VPJ – VideoPad project file
• MOTN – Apple Motion project file
• IMOVIEMOBILE – iMovie project file for iOS users
• WFP, WVE – Wondershare Filmora Project
• VPROJ – VSDC Free Video Editor project file
• FLB – Flowblade project file

osu!

These formats are used by the video game osu!.

• OSB – storyboard data
• OSC – osu!stream combined stream data
• OSF2 – free osu!stream song file
• OSG – compressed live gameplay archive (optimized for spectating)
• OSK – compressed skin archive
• OSR – compressed replay archive
• OSU – beatmap data
• OSZ – compressed beatmap archive
• OLZ – compressed beatmap archive, can only be opened by osu! (lazer)
• OSZ2 – paid osu!stream song file

Minecraft

These formats are used by the video game Minecraft.

• MCADDON – Bedrock Edition add-ons and resource packs
• MCFUNCTION – functions/scripts
• MCMETA – customizable texture packs
• MCPACK – Bedrock Edition in-game texture packs and full add-ons
• MCR – data for in-game worlds before version 1.2
• MCTEMPLATE – Bedrock Edition world templates
• MCWORLD – Bedrock Edition in-game worlds
• MCA – format used by Java Edition for storing data for in-game worlds
• NBT – format used by Java Edition for storing program variables along with their (Java) type identifiers
• SNBT – format used by Java Edition as a stringified version of NBT, it gets converted into nbt when needed.
• NBS – used by Note Block Studio, a tool that can be used to make songs with note blocks in-game

Eaglercraft

• EPK – used by Eaglercraft, an AOT compiled port of Minecraft which has been modified to run under TeaVM, a Java emulator for HTML5 & JavaScript, for saving world data, resource packs, profiles and more.
• EZIP- used by Eagtek in WEB eaglers WASM GC(maybe)

TrackMania/Maniaplanet Engine

Formats used by games based on the TrackMania engine.

• GBX – All user-created content is stored in this file type.
  • REPLAY.GBX – Stores the replay of a race.
  • CHALLENGE.GBX, MAP.GBX – Stores tracks/maps.
  • SYSTEMCONFIG.GBX – Launcher info.
  • TRACKMANIAVEHICLE.GBX – Info about a certain car type.
  • VEHICLETUNINGS.GBX – Vehicle physics.
  • SOLID.GBX – A block's model.
  • ITEM.GBX – Custom Maniaplanet item.
  • BLOCK.GBX – Custom Maniaplanet block.
  • TEXTURE.GBX – Info about a texture that are used in materials.
  • MATERIAL.GBX – Info about a material such as surface type that are used in Solids.
  • TMEDCLASSIC.GBX – Block info.
  • GHOST.GBX – Player ghosts in Trackmania and TrackMania Turbo.
  • CONTROLSTYLE.GBX – Menu files.
  • SCORES.GBX – Stores info about the player's best times.
  • PROFILE.GBX – Stores a player's info such as their login.
• DDS – Almost every texture in the game uses this format.
• PAK – Stores environment data such as valid blocks.
• LOC – A locator. Locators allow the game to download content such as car skins from an external server.
• SCRIPT.TXT – Scripts for Maniaplanet such as menus and game modes.
• XML – ManiaLinks.

CPA Engine (OpenSpace)

Formats used by Ubisoft Montpellier's CPA Engine, or OpenSpace as the enhanced version developed by Ubisoft Montreal was known.

• MOD – Object file type used for geometrical 3D objects.
• LVL – Level objects file type used for actor references.
• LGT – Level lighting file used for lighting in worlds.
• TEX – Image file used for level textures.
• GMT – Level material file used for material definitions.
• VMT – Level visual materials file used for visual material definitions.
• SPO – Level superobject hierarchy file used for superobject definitions.
• SCT – Level sector hierarchy file used for sector definitions.
• CAR – Actor data file.
• MEM – Memory block description file.

Doom engine

Formats used by games based on the Doom engine.

• WAD – Data storage (contains music, maps, and textures)
• DEH – DeHackEd files to mutate the game executable (not officially part of the Doom engine)
• DSG – Saved game
• LMP – A "lump", an entry in a WAD file
• LMP – Saved demo recording
• MUS – Music file (usually contained within a WAD file)

Quake engine

Formats used by games based on the Quake engine.

• BSP – BSP (For binary space partitioning) – Compiled map format
• MAP – MAP Raw map format used by editors like GtkRadiant or QuArK
• MDL, MD2, MD3, MD5 – MDL/MD2/MD3/MD5: Model for an item used in the game
• PAK, PK2 – PAK/PK2: Data storage
• PK3, PK4 – PK3/PK4: Used by the Quake II, Quake III Arena, and Quake 4 game engines, respectively, to store game data, textures, etc.; they are actually .zip files.
• DAT – not specific file type, often generic extension for "data" files for a variety of applications, sometimes used for general data contained within the PK3/PK4 files
  • FONTDAT – a DAT file used for formatting game fonts
• ROQ – Video format
• SAV – Savegame/Savefile format

Unreal Engine

Formats used by games based on the Unreal engine.

• FUK – Map File for Postal 2
• U – Unreal script format
• UASSET – An asset format since Unreal Engine 4/5
• UAX – Animations format for Unreal Engine 2
• UMAP – Map file type for Unreal Engine and levels.
• UMX – Map format for Unreal Tournament
• UMX – Music format for Unreal Engine 1
• UNR – Map format for Unreal
• UPK – Package format for cooked content in Unreal Engine 3
• USX – Sound format for Unreal Engine 1 and Unreal Engine 2
• UT2 – Map format for Unreal Tournament 2003 and Unreal Tournament 2004
• UT3 – Map format for Unreal Tournament 3
• UTX – Texture format for Unreal Engine 1 and Unreal Engine 2
• UXX – Cache format; these are files a client downloaded from server (which can be converted to regular formats)

Duke Nukem 3D Engine

Formats used by games based on this engine.

• DMO – Save game
• GRP – Data storage
• MAP – Map (usually constructed with BUILD.EXE)

Diablo Engine

Formats used by Diablo by Blizzard Entertainment.

• SV – Save Game
• ITM – Item File

Real Virtuality Engine

Formats used by Bohemia Interactive. Operation:Flashpoint, ARMA 2, VBS2

• LIP – Format that is created from WAV files to create in-game accurate lip-sync for character animations.
• PBO – Binarized file used for compiled models
• SQF – Format used for general editing
• SQM – Format used for mission files

Roblox Studio engine

• RBXL – Roblox Studio place file (XML, binary)
• RBXM – Roblox Studio model file (XML, binary)
• RBXLX – Roblox Studio place file (exclusively XML)
• RBXMX – Roblox Studio model file (exclusively XML)

Godot engine

• TRES – Human readable resource file
• GD – Godot Engine's built-in scripting language (GDScript) source
• TSCN – Human readable scene file
• GDC - Compiled GDScript files used in exported PCK files
• RES - Compiled resource files used in exported PCK files
• SCN - Compiled scene files used in exported PCK files
• IMPORT - Human readable file alongside imported textures with metadata for the engine
• GODOT - Human readable metadata file for the engine

Source engine

Formats used in Valve games: Half-Life 2, Counter-Strike: Source, Day of Defeat: Source, Half-Life 2: Episode One, Team Fortress 2, Half-Life 2: Episode Two, Portal, Left 4 Dead, Left 4 Dead 2, Alien Swarm, Portal 2, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, Titanfall, Insurgency, Titanfall 2, Day of Infamy.

• BSP – Source Engine compiled map file
• DEM – Source Engine demo format
• HL2 – Half-Life 2 save format
• MDL – Source Engine model format
• PCF – Source Engine particle effect file
• SAV – Source Engine save format
• SMD – Source Engine uncompiled model format
• VMF – Valve Hammer Map editor raw map file
• VMT – Source Engine material format.
• VMX – Valve Hammer Map editor backup map file
• VPK – Source Engine pack format
• VTF – Source Engine texture format

Platinum Games engine

Formats used in Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance, Bayonetta, Vanquish, Nier: Automata.

• DAT, DTT, EVN, EFF, EFT – Data containers, acts similarly to a folder, but can only have one layer of depth
• WMB – Mesh data
• SCR – Collection of WMBs to makeup levels and scenes.
• WTA – Texture definitions and flags
• WTP – Raw texture data
• WTB – Combination of both WTA and WTP, with WTA first, then WTP after
• TRG – Controls the flow of in-game events and calls functions in code
• BXM – Binary-encoded and compressed XML data
• EST – Effect data for the ESP effects system (used in Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance and Nier: Automata)
• EF2 – Effect data for the EF2 effects system (used in Bayonetta 1)
• MOT – Motion capture animation data

Other formats

• ADOFAI – Level data for A Dance of Fire and Ice
• B – used for Grand Theft Auto saved game files
• BBKEYMAP – Blockbench keybindings
• BBSETTINGS – Blockbench settings
• BBTHEME – Blockbench theme
• BMS - Rhythm game file format
• BME - Expansion of BMS file format
• BML - Expansion of BMS file format
• CAR – Car and engine data for Automation
• CGB – Pokémon Black and White/Black 2 and White 2 C-Gear skins
• DBPF – The Sims 2 package
• DDZ – a file which can only be used by the "daydreamer engine" created by "fever-dreamer", a program similar to RAGS, it's mainly used to make somewhat short games.
• DIVA – Project DIVA timings, element coordinates, MP3 references, notes, animation poses and scores
• ENGINE – Engine data for Automation
• ESM, ESP – Master and Plugin data archives for the Creation Engine
• GCF – format used by the Steam content management system for file archives
• GDR, GDR2 – Geometry Dash replays
• GDLVL – Geometry Dash level data
• GDKB – Geometry Dash keybind data
• GMD – Geometry Dash level data (Geode mod GDShare)
• HE0, HE2, HE4 – HE games file
• IMG – format used by Renderware-based Grand Theft Auto games for data storage
• JBEAM – format used in BeamNG.Drive to define the physical structure of a vehicle
• LLSP3 – Lego Spike program file
• LOVE – format used by the LOVE2D engine
• MAP – format used by Halo: Combat Evolved for archive compression, Doom 3 and various other games
• MLOG – A file format intended to be used for Mindustry logic
• MSAV – A file format used to store Mindustry's map and save data.
• MSCH – A file format used to store Mindustry's schematic data.
• MPQ – MPQ archives used by Blizzard Entertainment
• NL2PKG – NoLimits 2 package
• OEC – format used by OE-Cake! for scene data storage
• P3D – format for panda3d by Disney
• PLAGUEINC – format used by Plague Inc. for storing custom scenario information
• POD – format used by Terminal Reality
• RCT – Used for templates and save files in RollerCoaster Tycoon games
• REP – used by Blizzard Entertainment for scenario replays in StarCraft
• RDLEVEL, RDZIP – Used by Rhythm Doctor to store level data
• Simcity, DBPF, DAT, SC4Lot, SC4Model – All game plugins use this format, commonly with different file extensions (Sim City 4)
• SCS – SCS Software data file (Euro Truck Simulator 2 and American Truck Simulator)
• SMZIP – ZIP-based package for StepMania songs, themes and announcer packs.
• SOLITAIRETHEME8 – theme for Windows solitaire
• UNI, UNIS – Super Mario UniMaker level data
• USLD – format used by Unison Shift to store level layouts
• VIV – Archive format used to compress data for several video games, including Need for Speed: High Stakes
• VVVVVV – format used by VVVVVV
• CPS – format used by The Powder Toy, Powder Toy save
• STM – format used by The Powder Toy, Powder Toy stamp
• PKG – format used by Bungie for the PC beta of Destiny 2, for nearly all the game's assets
• CHR – format used by Team Salvato, for the character files of Doki Doki Literature Club!
• Z5 – format used by Z-machine for story files in interactive fiction
• SCWORLD – format used by Survivalcraft to store sandbox worlds
• SCSKIN – format used by Survivalcraft to store player skins
• SCBTEX – format used by Survivalcraft to store block textures
• PRISON – format used by Prison Architect to save prisons
• ESCAPE – format used by Prison Architect to save escape attempts
• WBFS – Wii Backup File System
• GBA – Game Boy Advance ROM File
• JKR – format used by Balatro for data storage
• PSS – Sony PlayStation 2 Game Video file and is used to store audio and video data by games for the PlayStation 2 console
• FNFC – Friday Night Funkin' chart file
• ARC – Nintendo U8 archive
• ARC – Nintendo RARC archive
• SZS – Nintendo Yaz0 compressed archive
• EGF – Educational Game Format

Microsoft Virtual PC, Virtual Server

• VFD – Virtual Floppy Disk
• VHD – Virtual Hard Disk
• VUD – Virtual Undo Disk
• VMC – Virtual Machine Configuration
• VSV – Virtual Machine Saved State

VMware ESX, GSX, Workstation, Player

• LOG – Virtual Machine Logfile
• VMDK, DSK – Virtual Machine Disk
• NVRAM – Virtual Machine BIOS
• VMEM – Virtual Machine paging file
• VMSD – Virtual Machine snapshot metadata
• VMSN – Virtual Machine snapshot
• VMSS, STD – Virtual Machine suspended state
• VMTM – Virtual Machine team data
• VMX, CFG – Virtual Machine configuration
• VMXF – Virtual Machine team configuration

VirtualBox

• VBOX – VirtualBox machine
• VDI – VirtualBox virtual disk image
• VBOX-EXTPACK – VirtualBox extension pack

Parallels Workstation

• HDD – Virtual Machine hard disk
• PVS – Virtual Machine preferences/configuration
• SAV – Virtual Machine saved state

QEMU

• COW – Copy-on-write
• QCOW – QEMU copy-on-write
• QCOW2 – QEMU copy-on-write – version 2
• QED – QEMU enhanced disk format

Markup languages and other web standards-based formats

• ATOM, XML – Atom Another syndication format.
• EML – EML Format used by several desktop email clients.
• JSONLD – JSON-LD A JSON-based serialization for linked data.
• KPRX – KPRX A XML-based serialization for workflow definition generated by K2.
• MARKDOWN, MD – Markdown Plain text formatting syntax, which is popularly used to format "readme" files.
• METALINK, MET – Metalink A format to list metadata about downloads, such as mirrors, checksums, and other information.
• MHTML – Mime HTML (Hyper-Text Markup Language) code file
• PS – PS A XML-based serialization for test automation scripts called PowerScripts for K2 based applications.
• RSS, XML – RSS Syndication format.
• SE – Shuttle Another lightweight markup language.

Other web-related formats

• ZIM – ZIM: an open file format that stores wiki content for offline usage
• HTACCESS – htaccess: Apache access configuration on a per-directory basis (used without a filename)
• CONF, CONFIG – Configuration file: Configuration files containing webserver configuration
• JSON – JSON: Configuration or arbitrary static data
• YAML - Yet Another Markup Language

Cursors

• ANI – Animated cursor
• CUR – Cursor file
• Smes – Hawk's Dock configuration file

General data formats

These file formats are fairly well defined by long-term use or a general standard, but the content of each file is often highly specific to particular software or has been extended by further standards for specific uses.

Partial files

Temporary files

• TEMP, TMP – temporary file sometimes in a specific format, but often raw data in the middle of processing.