NGC 2315 is a radio galaxy, i.e. it has giant regions of radio emission extending well beyond its visible structure. It also has a possible active galactic nucleus, i.e. it has a compact region at the center of a galaxy that emits a significant amount of energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that this luminosity is not produced by the stars.
SN 2011ay (TypeIax, mag. 17.8) was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) on 18 March 2011. It was initially classified as TypeIa-pec, but later anaylsis concluded that it was Type Iax.
↑Crook, Aidan C.; Huchra, John P.; Martimbeau, Nathalie; Masters, Karen L.; Jarrett, Tom; Macri, Lucas M. (2007). "Groups of Galaxies in the Two Micron All Sky Redshift Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 655 (2): 790–813. arXiv:astro-ph/0610732. Bibcode:2007ApJ...655..790C. doi:10.1086/510201.
↑"SN 2011ay". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 12 February 2026.
↑Foley, Ryan J.; Challis, P. J.; Chornock, R.; Ganeshalingam, M.; Li, W.; Marion, G. H.; Morrell, N. I.; Pignata, G.; Stritzinger, M. D.; Silverman, J. M.; Wang, X.; Anderson, J. P.; Filippenko, A. V.; Freedman, W. L.; Hamuy, M.; Jha, S. W.; Kirshner, R. P.; McCully, C.; Persson, S. E.; Phillips, M. M.; Reichart, D. E.; Soderberg, A. M. (2013). "Type Iax Supernovae: A New Class of Stellar Explosion". The Astrophysical Journal. 767 (1): 57. arXiv:1212.2209. Bibcode:2013ApJ...767...57F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/57.