List of dipodids

Dipodidae is a family of mammals in the order Rodentia and part of the Myomorpha suborder. Members of this family are called dipodids or jerboas. They are found in Asia, northern Africa, and eastern Europe, primarily in deserts, shrublands, and grasslands, though some species can be found in coastal areas or forests. They range in size from the Baluchistan pygmy jerboa, at 4 cm (2 in) plus a 7 cm (3 in) tail, to the great jerboa, at 23 cm (9 in) plus a 30 cm (12 in) tail. Dipodids are omnivores, and eat a variety of vegetation as well as insects, arachnids, and lizards. No dipodids have population estimates, but none of the species are categorized as endangered.

The 33 extant species of Dipodidae are divided into 13 genera, divided into 4 subfamilies. Allactaginae contains 16 species in 4 genera, Cardiocraniinae contains 7 species in 3 genera, Dipodinae contains 9 species in 5 genera, and Euchoreutinae contains a single species. Several extinct prehistoric dipodid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries, the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

Conventions

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the dipodid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

Dipodidae is a family consisting of 33 extant species in 13 genera. These genera are divided into four subfamilies: Allactaginae, containing 16 species in 4 genera; Cardiocraniinae, containing 7 species in 3 genera; Dipodinae, containing 9 species in 5 genera; and Euchoreutinae, containing a single species. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species.

Family Dipodidae

• Subfamily Allactaginae
  • Genus Allactaga (five-toed jerboas): eight species
  • Genus Allactodipus (Bobrinski's jerboa): one species
  • Genus Pygeretmus (fat-tailed jerboas): three species
  • Genus Scarturus (four- and five-toed jerboas): four species
• Subfamily Cardiocraniinae
  • Genus Cardiocranius (five-toed pygmy jerboa): one species
  • Genus Salpingotulus (Baluchistan pygmy jerboa): one species
  • Genus Salpingotus (three-toed dwarf jerboas): five species
• Subfamily Dipodinae
  • Genus Dipus (northern three-toed jerboa): one species
  • Genus Eremodipus (Lichtenstein's jerboa): one species
  • Genus Jaculus (desert jerboas): three species
  • Genus Paradipus (comb-toed jerboa): one species
  • Genus Stylodipus (thick-tailed three-toed jerboas): three species
• Subfamily Euchoreutinae
  • Genus Euchoreutes (long-eared jerboa): one species

Dipodids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.

Subfamily Allactaginae

Main article: Allactaginae

Genus Allactaga – F. Cuvier, 1836 – eight species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Balikun jerboa	A. balikunica Hsia & Fang, 1964	Southern Mongolia and northern China (in green)	Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 17–20 cm (7–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and desert Diet: Roots, tubers, insects, and larvae	LC  Unknown
Four-toed jerboa	A. tetradactyla (Lichtenstein, 1823)	Northern Libya and northern Egypt (in purple)	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 15–18 cm (6–7 in) tail Habitat: Coastal marine Diet: Vegetation	DD  Unknown
Gobi jerboa	A. bullata Allen, 1925	Southern Mongolia and northern China (in blue)	Size: 12–15 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Grassland and desert Diet: Seeds, roots, tubers, insects, and larvae	LC  Unknown
Great jerboa	A. major (Kerr, 1792)	Central and western Asia and eastern Europe (in brown)	Size: 18–23 cm (7–9 in) long, plus 20–30 cm (8–12 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Plants and seeds, as well as insects and molluscs	LC  Unknown
Hotson's jerboa	A. hotsoni Thomas, 1920	South-central Asia (in orange)	Size: 9–17 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 16–22 cm (6–9 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Vegetation	LC  Unknown
Iranian jerboa	A. firouzi Womochel, 1978	Iran (in pink, in box)	Size: 9–17 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 16–22 cm (6–9 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and desert Diet: Vegetation	DD  Unknown
Mongolian five-toed jerboa	A. sibirica (Forster, 1778)	Central Asia (in red)	Size: 12–18 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 17–24 cm (7–9 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Insects	LC  Unknown
Severtzov's jerboa	A. severtzovi Vinogradov, 1925	Central Asia (in yellow)	Size: 14–19 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 20–25 cm (8–10 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Vegetation	LC  Unknown

Genus Allactodipus – Kolesnikov, 1937 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Bobrinski's jerboa	A. bobrinskii Kolesnikov, 1937	Central Asia	Size: 11–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 17–20 cm (7–8 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Vegetation and insects	LC  Unknown

Genus Pygeretmus – Gloger, 1841 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa	P. pumilio (Kerr, 1792)	Central Asia (in red)	Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 12–18 cm (5–7 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland Diet: Succulent plants, bulbs, roots, and rhizomes	LC  Unknown
Greater fat-tailed jerboa	P. shitkovi (Kuznetsov, 1930)	Kazakhstan (in green)	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 9–15 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Vegetation, bulbs, spiders, and insects	LC  Unknown
Lesser fat-tailed jerboa	P. platyurus (Lichtenstein, 1823)	Central Asia (in blue)	Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Vegetation, bulbs, spiders, and insects	LC  Unknown

Genus Scarturus – Gloger, 1841 – four species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Euphrates jerboa	S. euphratica (Thomas, 1881)	Southwestern Asia	Size: 7–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 14–21 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Vegetation	LC  Unknown
Small five-toed jerboa	S. elater Lichtenstein, 1825	Central Asia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 14–19 cm (6–7 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and desert Diet: Vegetation and insects	LC  Unknown
Vinogradov's jerboa	S. vinogradovi Argiropulo, 1941	Central Asia	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 17–20 cm (7–8 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Sprouts, seeds, and underground plant parts	LC  Unknown
Williams's jerboa	S. williamsi (Thomas, 1897)	Western Asia	Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 16–26 cm (6–10 in) tail Habitat: Grassland Diet: Vegetation	LC  Unknown

Subfamily Cardiocraniinae

Main article: Cardiocraniinae

Genus Cardiocranius – Satunin, 1903 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Five-toed pygmy jerboa	C. paradoxus Satunin, 1903	East-central Asia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 6–10 cm (2–4 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Seeds	DD  Unknown

Genus Salpingotulus – Pavlinov, 1980 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Baluchistan pygmy jerboa	S. michaelis (FitzGibbon, 1966)	Pakistan	Size: 4–5 cm (2 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Grass seeds, stems, and other vegetation	DD  Unknown

Genus Salpingotus – Vinogradov, 1922 – five species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Heptner's pygmy jerboa	S. heptneri Vorontsov & Smirnov, 1969	Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan (in green)	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in) long, plus 8–11 cm (3–4 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Insects, arachnids, and vegetation	DD  Unknown
Kozlov's pygmy jerboa	S. kozlovi Vinogradov, 1922	China and Mongolia (in blue)	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 11–14 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Insects, arachnids, and vegetation	LC  Unknown
Pale pygmy jerboa	S. pallidus Vorontsov & Shenbrot, 1984	Kazakhstan (in brown)	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 9–12 cm (4–5 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Insects, arachnids, and vegetation	DD  Unknown
Thick-tailed pygmy jerboa	S. crassicauda Vinogradov, 1924	East-central Asia (in red)	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 9–12 cm (4–5 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Insects, arachnids, and vegetation	LC  Unknown
Thomas's pygmy jerboa	S. thomasi Vinogradov, 1928	Afghanistan	Size: About 6 cm (2 in) long, plus about 11 cm (4 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Insects, arachnids, and vegetation	NE  Unknown

Subfamily Dipodinae

Main article: Dipodinae

Genus Dipus – Zimmermann, 1780 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Northern three-toed jerboa	D. sagitta (Pallas, 1773)	Western, central, and eastern Asia	Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 12–20 cm (5–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and desert Diet: All parts of plants, as well as insects	LC  Unknown

Genus Eremodipus – Vinogradov, 1930 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Lichtenstein's jerboa	E. lichtensteini (Vinogradov, 1927)	Central Asia	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 13–17 cm (5–7 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Roots, sprouts, seeds, grains, and vegetables	LC  Unknown

Genus Jaculus – Erxleben, 1777 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Blanford's jerboa	J. blanfordi (Murray, 1884)	Central Asia	Size: 13–15 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 18–22 cm (7–9 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Roots, sprouts, seeds, grains, and vegetables	LC  Unknown
Greater Egyptian jerboa	J. orientalis Erxleben, 1777	Northern Africa and western Middle East	Size: 9–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 17–21 cm (7–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and coastal marine Diet: Roots, sprouts, seeds, grains, and vegetables	LC  Unknown
Lesser Egyptian jerboa	J. jaculus (Linnaeus, 1758)	Northern Africa and Middle East	Size: 11–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 19–20 cm (7–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Roots, sprouts, seeds, grains, and vegetables	LC  Unknown

Genus Paradipus – Vinogradov, 1930 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Comb-toed jerboa	P. ctenodactylus (Vinogradov, 1929)	Central Asia	Size: 14–17 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 18–22 cm (7–9 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: All parts of desert plants	LC  Unknown

Genus Stylodipus – Allen, 1925 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Andrews's three-toed jerboa	S. andrewsi Allen, 1925	Mongolia and northern China	Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 14–17 cm (6–7 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and desert Diet: Lichen, rhizomes, bulbs, seeds, and wheat	LC  Unknown
Mongolian three-toed jerboa	S. sungorus Sokolov & Shenbrot, 1987	Mongolia	Size: 12–13 cm (5 in) long, plus 15–17 cm (6–7 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Lichen, rhizomes, bulbs, seeds, and wheat	LC  Unknown
Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa	S. telum (Lichtenstein, 1823)	Ukraine and western and central Asia	Size: 11–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 13–17 cm (5–7 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Lichen, rhizomes, bulbs, seeds, and wheat	LC  Unknown

Subfamily Euchoreutinae

Main article: Euchoreutinae

Genus Euchoreutes – W. L. Sclater, 1891 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Long-eared jerboa	E. naso P. L. Sclater, 1891	Southern Mongolia and China	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 14–18 cm (6–7 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and desert Diet: Insects and lizards	LC  Unknown

References

Sources