List of molossids

A photograph of a Mexican free-tailed bat. It is brown with large wings and a distinct tail.
Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis)

Molossidae is one of the twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and part of the microbat suborder. Members of this family are called a molossid, or a free-tailed bat. They are named for their tail, which extends past the uropatagium, a membrane that connects the legs of bats. They are found in all continents besides Antarctica, primarily in caves, forests, savannas, and shrublands, though some species can also be found in deserts, rocky areas, or coastal areas. They range in size from the blunt-eared bat, at 3 cm (1 in) plus a 2 cm (1 in) tail, to the hairless bat, at 18 cm (7 in) plus a 8 cm (3 in) tail. Like all bats, molossids are capable of true and sustained flight, and have forearm lengths ranging from 2 cm (1 in) for many species to 9 cm (4 in) in the hairless bat, big bonneted bat, and western mastiff bat. They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders. Almost no molossids have population estimates, though the Mexican free-tailed bat is estimated to have a population of nearly 100 million, as one of the most numerous mammals in the world, while seven species—the blunt-eared bat, equatorial dog-faced bat, Fijian mastiff bat, La Touche's free-tailed bat, Natal free-tailed bat, São Tomé free-tailed bat, and Solomons mastiff bat—are categorized as endangered species, with populations as low as 200.

The 133 extant species of Molossidae are divided between two subfamilies, Molossinae and Tomopeatinae. Molossinae contains 132 species grouped into 21 genera, while Tomopeatinae contains only a single species. A few extinct prehistoric molossid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX Extinct (0 species)
 EW Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR Critically endangered (0 species)
 EN Endangered (7 species)
 VU Vulnerable (6 species)
 NT Near threatened (5 species)
 LC Least concern (77 species)
Other categories
 DD Data deficient (24 species)
 NE Not evaluated (14 species)

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the molossid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

Worldwide except for Antarctica
Molossidae distribution

The family Molossidae consists of two subfamilies: Molossinae, containing 132 species divided into 21 genera, and Tomopeatinae, which consists of a single species.

Family Molossidae

Molossidae

Molossids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN SSC Bat Specialist Group and the American Society of Mammalogists.

Subfamily Molossinae

Genus Austronomus – Troughton, 1944 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
White-striped free-tailed bat

Brown bat

A. australis
Gray, 1838
Australia Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
New Guinea free-tailed bat A. kuboriensis
(McKean & Calaby, 1968)
New Guinea Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and grassland
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Genus Cabreramops – Ibáñez, 1980 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Equatorial dog-faced bat C. aequatorianus
A. Cabrera, 1917
Ecuador
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 EN 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Cheiromeles – Horsfield, 1824 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Hairless bat

Black bat

C. torquatus
Horsfield, 1824
Southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 12–18 cm (5–7 in), plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail
6–9 cm (2–4 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Lesser naked bat C. parvidens
Miller & Hollister, 1921
Indonesia and the Philippines
Map of range
Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Caves and forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Cynomops – Thomas, 1920 – nine species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Awa dog-faced bat C. kuizha
Arenas-Viveros, Sánchez-Vendizú, Giraldo, & Salazar-Bravo, 2021
Northwestern South America Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus about 2 cm (1 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Cinnamon dog-faced bat

Brown bat

C. abrasus
Temminck, 1827
South America
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Freeman's dog-faced bat C. freemani
Moras, Gregorin, Sattler, & Tavares, 2018
Panama Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Greenhall's dog-faced bat C. greenhalli
Goodwin, 1958
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Mastiff dog-faced bat C. mastivus
Thomas, 1911
Northern South America Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Mexican dog-faced bat C. mexicanus
Jones & Genoways, 1967
Scattered Mexico and Central America
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Miller's dog-faced bat C. milleri
(Osgood, 1914)
Northwestern and central South America
Map of range
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Southern dog-faced bat

Drawing of bat skull

C. planirostris
Peters, 1866
South America
Map of range
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Waorani dog-faced bat C. tonkigui
Moras, Gregorin, Sattler, & Tavares, 2018
Northwestern South America Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Eumops – Miller, 1906 – seventeen species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Big bonneted bat E. dabbenei
Thomas, 1914
South America
Map of range
Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
7–9 cm (3–4 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Black bonneted bat

Brown bat

E. auripendulus
Shaw, 1800

Two subspecies
  • E. a. auripendulus
  • E. a. major
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
Map of range
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Chimaera bonneted bat E. chimaera
Gregorin, Moras, Acosta, Vasconcellos, Poma, Santos, & Paca, 2016
Southeastern South America Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Chiribaya bonneted bat E. chiribaya
Medina, Gregorin, Zeballos, Zamora, & Moras, 2014
Southwestern Peru Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus 5–6 cm (2 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Colombian bonneted bat

Brown bat

E. trumbulli
(Thomas, 1901)
North-central South America
Map of range
Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Delta bonneted bat E. delticus
Thomas, 1923
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Dwarf bonneted bat

Brown bat

E. bonariensis
Peters, 1867
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Fierce bonneted bat

Brown bat

E. ferox
Gundlach, 1861
Central America, Cuba, and southern Mexico
Map of range
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Florida bonneted bat

Black bat

E. floridanus
(Allen, 1932)
Southern Florida
Map of range
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 VU 

3,000–5,000 Population declining
Guianan bonneted bat E. maurus
Thomas, 1901
Scattered northern South America
Map of range
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and forest
 DD 

Unknown Population declining
Northern dwarf bonneted bat

Brown bat

E. nanus
Miller, 1900
Northern South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
Map of range
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Patagonian bonneted bat E. patagonicus
Thomas, 1924
South-central South America
Map of range
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Sanborn's bonneted bat E. hansae
Sanborn, 1932
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and coastal marine
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Underwood's bonneted bat E. underwoodi
Goodwin, 1940
Southern North America and Central America
Map of range
Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and desert
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Wagner's bonneted bat

Brown bat

E. glaucinus
Wagner, 1843
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
Map of range
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Western mastiff bat

Brown bat

E. perotis
Schinz, 1821
South America and southwestern North America
Map of range
Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in), plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail
7–9 cm (3–4 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Wilson's bonneted bat E. wilsoni
Baker, McDonough, Swier, Larsen, Carrera, & Ammerman, 2009
Ecuador and Peru
Map of range
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Micronomus – Gray, 1839 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
East-coast free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. norfolkensis
J. E. Gray, 1839
Eastern Australia Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 NT 

10,000–11,000 Population declining
Genus Molossops – Peters, 1865 – three species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Dwarf dog-faced bat

Brown bat

M. temminckii
Tullberg, 1893
South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Colombian dog-faced bat M. griseiventer
Sanborn, 1941
Colombia Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Rufous dog-faced bat

Brown bat

M. neglectus
Williams & Genoways, 1980
South America
Map of range
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Unknown
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Molossus – Geoffroy, 1805 – sixteen species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Alvarez's mastiff bat

Brown bat head

M. alvarezi
González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011
Yucatán Peninsula
Map of range
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Aztec mastiff bat

Drawing of bat head

M. aztecus
Saussure, 1860
Scattered Mexico and Central America
Map of range
Size: 5–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Black mastiff bat

Black bat

M. rufus
Geoffroy, 1805
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: Unknown

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Bonda mastiff bat

Black bat

M. bondae
Allen, 1904
Central America and northern South America Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Coiban mastiff bat M. coibensis
Allen, 1904
Northern South America and Central America
Map of range
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Ebon mastiff bat M. nigricans
Miller, 1902
Mexico Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Fenton's mastiff bat M. fentoni
Loureiro, Lim, & Engstrom, 2018
Guyana and Ecuador Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Keel-nosed mastiff bat M. tropidorhynchus
J. E. Gray, 1839
Cuba Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Melin's mastiff bat M. melini
Montani, Tomasco, Barberis, Romano, Barquez, & Díaz, 2021
Argentina Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Miller's mastiff bat M. pretiosus
Miller, 1902
Southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
Map of range
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Paraná mastiff bat M. paranaensis
Caraballo, Pavé, Argoitia, Schierloh, & Chambi Velasquez, 2024
Northeastern Argentina Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
River mastiff bat M. fluminensis
Lataste, 1891
Guyana and Ecuador Size: Unknown

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Sinaloan mastiff bat

Brown bat

M. sinaloae
Allen, 1906

Two subspecies
  • M. s. sinaloae
  • M. s. trinitatus
Southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Thomas's mastiff bat M. currentium
Thomas, 1900
South-central South America Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Verrill's mastiff bat M. verrilli
Allen, 1908
Dominican Republic and Haiti Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NE 

Unknown Unknown
Velvety free-tailed bat

Black bat

M. molossus
(Pallas, 1766)

Five subspecies
  • M. m. daulensis
  • M. m. debilis
  • M. m. fortis
  • M. m. milleri
  • M. m. molossus
Mexico, Caribbean, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Mops – Lesson, 1842 – 36 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Angolan free-tailed bat

Preserved brown bat

M. condylurus
Smith, 1833
Sub-Saharan Africa Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Ansorge's free-tailed bat

Preserved brown bat

M. ansorgei
(Thomas, 1913)
Sub-Saharan Africa Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Bakari's free-tailed bat M. bakarii
Stanley, 2008
Tanzania Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Black and red free-tailed bat M. jobimena
Goodman & Cardiff, 2004
Western Madagascar
Map of range
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Caves and forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Chapin's free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat

M. chapini
Allen, 1917
Central and western Africa Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Duke of Abruzzi's free-tailed bat M. aloysiisabaudiae
(Festa, 1907)
Central and western Africa Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and forest
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Dwarf free-tailed bat M. nanulus
Allen, 1917
Central and western Africa Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Fijian mastiff bat M. bregullae
(Felten, 1964)
Fiji and Vanuatu
Map of range
Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 EN 

5,000–7,000 Population declining
Gallagher's free-tailed bat M. gallagheri
(Harrison, 1975)
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Map of range
Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
About 4 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Gland-tailed free-tailed bat M. bemmeleni
(Jentink, 1879)

Two subspecies
  • M. b. bemmeleni
  • M. b. cistura
Central and western Africa Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Grandidier's free-tailed bat M. leucogaster
(Grandidier, 1869)
Madagascar Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Lappet-eared free-tailed bat M. major
(Trouessart, 1897)
Eastern and western Africa Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Little free-tailed bat

Brown bat

M. pumilus
(Cretzschmar, 1826)
Sub-Saharan Africa Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Madagascar free-tailed bat M. atsinanana
Goodman, Buccas, Naidoo, Ratrimomanarivo, Taylor, & Lamb, 2010
Eastern Madagascar Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population increasing
Malagasy white-bellied free-tailed bat M. leucostigma
Allen, 1918
Madagascar
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Malayan free-tailed bat M. mops
(Blainville, 1840)
Indonesia and Malaysia
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NT 

Unknown Population declining
Medje free-tailed bat M. congicus
Allen, 1917
Central Africa Size: 9–10 cm (4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Midas free-tailed bat

Preserved brown bat

M. midas
(Sundevall, 1843)
Scattered Africa Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and desert
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Mongalla free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat

M. demonstrator
Thomas, 1903
Western and central Africa Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Niangara free-tailed bat M. niangarae
Allen, 1917
Central Africa Size: About 9 cm (4 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
About 5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Unknown
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Nigerian free-tailed bat

Preserved brown bat

M. nigeriae
Thomas, 1913

Two subspecies
  • M. n. nigeriae
  • M. n. spillmani
Sub-Saharan Africa Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Northern freetail bat M. jobensis
(Miller, 1902)

Two subspecies
  • M. j. colonicus
  • M. j. jobensis
Northern Australia and southeastern Asia Size: 5–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Northern free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. johorensis
(Dobson, 1873)
Indonesia and Malaysia
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 VU 

Unknown Population declining
Peterson's free-tailed bat M. petersoni
El-Rayah, 1981
Western Africa Size: About 7 cm (3 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 NT 

Unknown Population declining
Railer bat

Drawing of bat skull

M. thersites
(Thomas, 1903)
Western and central Africa Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Russet free-tailed bat M. russatus
Allen, 1917
Western and central Africa Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
São Tomé free-tailed bat M. tomensis
(Juste & Ibáñez, 1993)
São Tomé and Príncipe
Map of range
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 EN 

Unknown Population declining
Seychelles free-tailed bat M. pusillus
Miller, 1902
Comoro Islands and Seychelles Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 VU 

Unknown Population declining
Sierra Leone free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. brachypterus
(Peters, 1852)

Two subspecies
  • M. b. brachypterus
  • M. b. leonis
Western, central, and eastern Africa Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Solomons mastiff bat M. solomonis
Troughton, 1931
Solomon Islands Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, caves, and coastal marine
 EN 

Unknown Population declining
Spotted free-tailed bat

Preserved brown bat

M. bivittatus
(Heuglin, 1861)
Eastern Africa Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna, rocky areas, and caves
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Spurrell's free-tailed bat M. spurrelli
Dollman, 1911
Western and central Africa Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
2–3 cm (1 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Sulawesi free-tailed bat M. sarasinorum
(von Meyer, 1899)

Two subspecies
  • M. s. lanei
  • M. s. sarasinorum
Indonesia and the Philippines
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Trevor's free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat

M. trevori
Allen, 1917
Western and central Africa Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 DD 

Unknown Population declining
White-bellied free-tailed bat M. niveiventer
Cabrera & Ruxton, 1926
Central Africa Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat

Drawing of brown bat

M. plicatus
Buchanan, 1880
Eastern and southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Mormopterus – Peters, 1865 – seven species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Incan little mastiff bat M. phrudus
Handley, 1956
Peru
Map of range
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 VU 

Unknown Unknown
Kalinowski's mastiff bat

Drawing of bat

M. kalinowskii
(Thomas, 1893)
Peru and northern Chile
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Shrubland and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Little goblin bat

Drawing of bat skull

M. minutus
(Miller, 1899)
Cuba Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 VU 

Unknown Population declining
Natal free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat

M. acetabulosus
Hermann, 1804
Island of Mauritius Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves
 EN 

Unknown Population declining
Peters's wrinkle-lipped bat

Drawing of bat head

M. jugularis
Peters, 1865
Madagascar
Map of range
Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Reunion little mastiff bat M. francoismoutoui
Goodman, Vuuren, Ratrimomanarivo, Probst, & Bowie, 2008
Island of Réunion
Map of range
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Population increasing
Sumatran mastiff bat M. doriae
K. Andersen, 1907
Island of Sumatra in Indonesia Size: Unknown length, plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
About 4 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Unknown
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Myopterus – Geoffroy, 1818 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Bini free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. whitleyi
(Scharff, 1900)
Central Africa Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Daubenton's free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. daubentonii
Desmarest, 1820

Two subspecies
  • M. d. albatus
  • M. d. daubentonii
Western and central Africa Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Neoplatymops – Peterson, 1965 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Mato Grosso dog-faced bat N. mattogrossensis
Vieira, 1942
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
2–3 cm (1 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Nyctinomops – Miller, 1865 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Big free-tailed bat

Brown bat

N. macrotis
(Gray, 1839)
North and South America
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Broad-eared bat

Brown bat

N. laticaudatus
Geoffroy, 1805

Five subspecies
  • N. l. espiritosantensis
  • N. l. europs
  • N. l. gracilis
  • N. l. laticaudatus
  • N. l. yucatanicus
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Peale's free-tailed bat

Drawing of brown bats

N. aurispinosus
Peale, 1848
Mexico and South America
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Pocketed free-tailed bat

Brown bat

N. femorosaccus
(Merriam, 1889)
Mexico and southern United States
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Rocky areas and caves
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Genus Nyctinomus – Geoffroy, 1818 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Egyptian free-tailed bat

Brown bat

N. aegyptiaca
Geoffroy, 1818
Scattered Africa, Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Otomops – Thomas, 1913 – eight species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Big-eared mastiff bat O. papuensis
Lawrence, 1948
Papua New Guinea Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Harrison's large-eared giant mastiff bat O. harrisoni
Ralph, Richards, Taylor, Napier, & Lamb, 2015
Eastern Africa and southern Arabian Peninsula
Map of range
Size: 9–11 cm (4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 VU 

Unknown Population declining
Javan mastiff bat O. formosus
Chasen, 1939
Indonesia Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Unknown
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Johnstone's mastiff bat O. johnstonei
Kitchener, How, & Maryanto, 1992
Indonesia
Map of range
Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail
About 6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Large-eared free-tailed bat

Black bat

O. martiensseni
Matschie, 1897
Scattered Sub-Saharan Africa
Map of range
Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and savanna
 NT 

Unknown Population declining
Madagascar free-tailed bat O. madagascariensis
Dorst, 1953
Madagascar
Map of range
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Mantled mastiff bat O. secundus
Hayman, 1952
Papua New Guinea Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
about 6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Wroughton's free-tailed bat

Brown bats

O. wroughtoni
(Thomas, 1913)
Scattered southern Asia
Map of range
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and caves
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Ozimops – Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014 – nine species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Beccari's free-tailed bat

Brown bat

O. beccarii
Peters, 1881

Two subspecies
  • O. b. astrolabiensis
  • O. b. beccarii
Indonesia and Papua New Guinea Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Cape York free-tailed bat O. halli
(Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014)
Northern Australia Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Inland free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat skull

O. petersi
(Leche, 1884)
Australia Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Desert, inland wetlands, grassland, and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Loria's free-tailed bat O. loriae
Thomas, 1897
Papua New Guinea Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Population steady
Lumsden's free-tailed bat O. lumsdenae
(Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014)
Northern Australia Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Northern coastal free-tailed bat O. cobourgianus
(Johnson, 1959)
Northern Australia Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and other
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Ride's free-tailed bat O. ridei
Felten, 1964
Eastern Australia Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and inland wetlands
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
South-western free-tailed bat O. kitcheneri
(Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014)
Southwestern Australia Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Southern free-tailed bat

Brown bat

O. planiceps
Peters, 1866
Australia
Map of range
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and shrubland
 LC 

Unknown Population declining
Genus Platymops – Thomas, 1906 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Peters's flat-headed bat

Drawing of bat head

P. setiger
(Peters, 1878)
Eastern Africa Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Promops – Gervais, 1856 – three species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Big crested mastiff bat P. centralis
Thomas, 1915
Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 5–10 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest and unknown
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Brown mastiff bat P. nasutus
Spix, 1823
South America
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Unknown
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Davison's mastiff bat P. davisoni
Thomas, 1921
Peru and Ecuador Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
Genus Sauromys – Peterson, 1965 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Roberts's flat-headed bat S. petrophilus
(Roberts, 1917)

Five subspecies
  • S. p. erongensis
  • S. p. fitzsimonsi
  • S. p. haagneri
  • S. p. petrophilus
  • S. p. umbratus
Southern Africa Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Genus Setirostris – Reardon, McKenzie, Cooper, Appleton, Carthew, & Adams, 2014 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Hairy-nosed free-tailed bat S. eleryi
Reardon & McKenzie, 2008
Australia
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas
 NT 

10,000 Population declining
Genus Tadarida – Rafinesque, 1814 – seven species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
African giant free-tailed bat

Drawing of bat

T. ventralis
(Heuglin, 1861)
Eastern Africa Size: 9–11 cm (4 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
East Asian free-tailed bat T. insignis
(Blyth, 1862)
Eastern Asia Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Coastal marine, caves, grassland, and forest
 DD 

Unknown Unknown
European free-tailed bat

Gray bat

T. teniotis
(Rafinesque, 1814)
Southern Europe, northern Africa, western Asia, and scattered central Asia
Map of range
Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, caves, and desert
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
Kenyan big-eared free-tailed bat T. lobata
Thomas, 1891
Eastern and southern Africa Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Unknown
La Touche's free-tailed bat

Grayscale photo of bat

T. latouchei
Thomas, 1920
Eastern and southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Caves and forest
 EN 

200 Population declining
Madagascan large free-tailed bat T. fulminans
Thomas, 1903
Eastern and southern Africa and Madagascar Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and rocky areas
 LC 

Unknown Population steady
Mexican free-tailed bat

Brown bat

T. brasiliensis
(Geoffroy, 1824)
North America and South America
Map of range
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, caves, and desert
 LC 

10–100 million Population steady

Subfamily Tomopeatinae

Genus Tomopeas – Miller, 1900 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Blunt-eared bat T. ravus
Miller, 1900
Peru
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length

Habitat: Caves
 EN 

Unknown Population declining

References

  1. 1 2 Nowak, pp. 230, 232
  2. 1 2 Russell, A. L.; Cox, M. P.; Brown, V. A.; McCracken, G. F. (2011). "Population growth of Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) predates human agricultural activity". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11 (1) 88. Bibcode:2011BMCEE..11...88R. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-88. PMC 3080819. PMID 21457563.
  3. ↑ "Fossilworks: Molossidae". Paleobiology Database. University of Wisconsin–Madison. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  4. ↑ Ammerman, L. K.; Lee, D. N.; Tipps, T. M. (2012). "First molecular phylogenetic insights into the evolution of free-tailed bats in the subfamily Molossinae (Molossidae, Chiroptera)". Journal of Mammalogy. 93 (1): 12–28. doi:10.1644/11-MAMM-A-103.1.
  5. ↑ Wilson, Reeder, pp. 432–450
  6. ↑ "Molossidae". Mammal Diversity Database. American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved August 21, 2026.
  7. ↑ Simmons, Nancy B.; Cirranello, Andrea L. (2026). "Molossidae". Bat Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Database. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved August 21, 2026.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 523–525
  9. 1 2 Pennay, M. (2020). "Austronomus australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T21313A22121905. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21313A22121905.en.
  10. 1 2 Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Austronomus kuboriensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T136201A22009294. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T136201A22009294.en.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 517–518
  12. 1 2 Tirira, D. (2016). "Molossops aequatorianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13638A22109325. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13638A22109325.en.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 515–516
  14. 1 2 Senawi, J.; Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Francis, C.; Bates, P. J. J.; Gumal, M.; Kingston, T. (2019). "Cheiromeles torquatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4601A22035361. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4601A22035361.en.
  15. 1 2 Alviola, P. A.; Duya, M. R.; Alvarez, J.; Fidelino, J.; Gatan-Balbas, M.; Pedregosa, M.; Veluz, M. J.; Jakosalem, P. G.; Tanalgo, K. (2019). "Cheiromeles parvidens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4600A22034921. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4600A22034921.en.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Cynomops abrasus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13637A22109417. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13637A22109417.en.
  17. 1 2 3 4 Solari, S. (2016). "Cynomops milleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T87993512A87993515. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87993512A87993515.en.
  18. 1 2 Solari, S. (2015). "Cynomops greenhalli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13639A22109178. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13639A22109178.en.
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  20. 1 2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Cynomops planirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13642A22108538. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13642A22108538.en.
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  28. 1 2 Solari, S. (2019). "Eumops ferox". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T87994072A87994075. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T87994072A87994075.en.
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  33. 1 2 Pineda, J.; Rodriguez, B. (2015). "Eumops hansae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T8245A22026314. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T8245A22026314.en.
  34. 1 2 Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Eumops underwoodi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T8248A22025754. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8248A22025754.en.
  35. 1 2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Eumops glaucinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T87994083A22026467. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87994083A22026467.en.
  36. 1 2 Solari, S. (2016). "Eumops wilsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T87993523A87993526. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87993523A87993526.en.
  37. 1 2 McConville, A.; Pennay, M. (2020). "Micronomus norfolkensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T76776686A22084304. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T76776686A22084304.en.
  38. 1 2 3 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Molossops temminckii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13643A22108409. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13643A22108409.en.
  39. 1 2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Molossops neglectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13641A22108928. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13641A22108928.en.
  40. 1 2 Solari, S. (2016). "Molossus alvarezi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T88087329A88087332. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88087329A88087332.en.
  41. 1 2 3 Solari, S. (2019). "Molossus aztecus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T13645A22107522. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13645A22107522.en.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Molossus rufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13644A22107969. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13644A22107969.en.
  43. 1 2 Solari, S. (2017). "Molossus bondae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T88087507A88087516. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T88087507A88087516.en.
  44. 1 2 Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S. (2017). "Molossus coibensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T102208365A22106904. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T102208365A22106904.en.
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Molossus molossus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13648A22106602. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13648A22106602.en.
  46. 1 2 Solari, S. (2019). "Molossus pretiosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T13649A22106312. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13649A22106312.en.
  47. 1 2 Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Molossus sinaloae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13650A22106433. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13650A22106433.en.
  48. 1 2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Molossus currentium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T88087340A22107231. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88087340A22107231.en.
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 521–522
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  51. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon ansorgei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4306A22020564. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4306A22020564.en.
  52. 1 2 Shapiro, J. (2017). "Mops bakarii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T67363010A67363012. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T67363010A67363012.en.
  53. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Racey, P. A.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H. (2017). "Chaerephon jobimena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T136393A22014976. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T136393A22014976.en.
  54. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon chapini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4310A22019424. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4310A22019424.en.
  55. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon aloysiisabaudiae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4305A22020676. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4305A22020676.en.
  56. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M. (2017). "Mops nanulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13843A22079835. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13843A22079835.en.
  57. 1 2 Waldien, D. L.; Scanlon, A.; Thompson, B. L.; Sherwin, R. E.; Naikatini, A.; Tikoca, S. (2021) [errata version of 2019 assessment]. "Chaerephon bregullae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4309A209550994. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4309A209550994.en.
  58. 1 2 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2019). "Chaerephon gallagheri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4311A22019365. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T4311A22019365.en.
  59. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Cotterill, F. (2017). "Chaerephon bemmeleni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4307A22020379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4307A22020379.en.
  60. 1 2 Ramasindrazana, B. (2021). "Mops leucogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T40038A22061204. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40038A22061204.en.
  61. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon major". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4314A22018874. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4314A22018874.en.
  62. 1 2 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Racey, P. A.; Ravino, J.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D.; Gerlach, J. (2019). "Chaerephon pumilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T67362271A22018113. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T67362271A22018113.en.
  63. 1 2 Goodman, S. (2017). "Chaerephon atsinanana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T67360705A67360707. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T67360705A67360707.en.
  64. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Racey, P. A.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H. (2017). "Mops leucostigma". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T40024A22061983. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T40024A22061983.en.
  65. 1 2 Senawi, J.; Francis, C. (2020). "Mops mops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T13842A22079559. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13842A22079559.en.
  66. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Mops congicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13839A22075809. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13839A22075809.en.
  67. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Mickleburgh, S.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Ranivo, J.; Racey, P. A.; Hutson, A. M. (2017). "Mops midas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13841A22079278. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13841A22079278.en.
  68. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Fahr, J. (2017). "Mops demonstrator". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13840A22075708. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13840A22075708.en.
  69. 1 2 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W. (2019). "Mops niangarae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T13844A22080151. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T13844A22080151.en.
  70. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Bergmans, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Cotterill, F.; Mickleburgh, S. (2017). "Chaerephon nigeriae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4315A22018693. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4315A22018693.en.
  71. 1 2 Armstrong, K. N. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Chaerephon jobensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T4312A209520861. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T4312A209520861.en.
  72. 1 2 Senawi, J.; Csorba, G.; Kingston, T. (2020). "Chaerephon johorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T4313A22019065. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4313A22019065.en.
  73. 1 2 Bakwo Fils, E. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2021). "Mops petersoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T13846A203829430. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T13846A203829430.en.
  74. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Juste, J. (2017). "Mops thersites". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13849A22077236. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13849A22077236.en.
  75. 1 2 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2019). "Chaerephon russatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4319A22017886. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4319A22017886.en.
  76. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Juste, J. (2019). "Chaerephon tomensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4321A21981234. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4321A21981234.en.
  77. 1 2 Bielsa, M.; A'Bear, L.; Bunbury, N.; Fleischer-Dogley, F. (2020). "Mops pusillus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T4318A22017997. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T4318A22017997.en.
  78. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Mops brachypterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13837A22075549. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13837A22075549.en.
  79. 1 2 Pennay, M.; Leary, T. (2020). "Chaerephon solomonis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T4320A22017829. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4320A22017829.en.
  80. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon bivittatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T4308A22020251. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4308A22020251.en.
  81. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Juste, J. (2017). "Mops spurrelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13848A22078917. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13848A22078917.en.
  82. 1 2 Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B.; Tabaranza, B.; McKinnon, J.; Kingston, T.; Maharadatunkamsi, D.; Wiantoro, S. (2016). "Mops sarasinorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13847A22078424. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13847A22078424.en.
  83. 1 2 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D.; Fahr, J. (2019). "Mops trevori". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T13850A22077590. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T13850A22077590.en.
  84. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F. (2017). "Mops niveiventer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13845A22078081. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13845A22078081.en.
  85. 1 2 Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Francis, C.; Bates, P.; Ong, P.; Gumal, M.; Kingston, T.; Heaney, L.; Balete, D. S.; Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C. (2020). "Chaerephon plicatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T4316A22018444. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4316A22018444.en.
  86. 1 2 Velazco, P. (2016). "Mormopterus phrudus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13887A22083688. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13887A22083688.en.
  87. 1 2 Solari, S. (2019). "Mormopterus kalinowskii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T13883A22082910. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13883A22082910.en.
  88. 1 2 Mancina, C. (2015). "Mormopterus minutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13884A22083165. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13884A22083165.en.
  89. 1 2 Bergmans, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Oleksy, R.; Taylor, F. (2017). "Mormopterus acetabulosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T71733227A22085232. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T71733227A22085232.en.
  90. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Racey, P. A.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H. (2017). "Mormopterus jugularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T13882A22083579. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13882A22083579.en.
  91. 1 2 Goodman, S. (2017). "Mormopterus francoismoutoui". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T71727235A71727484. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T71727235A71727484.en.
  92. 1 2 Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Kingston, T. (2016). "Mormopterus doriae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T13881A22083290. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13881A22083290.en.
  93. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Myopterus whitleyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T14103A22046293. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T14103A22046293.en.
  94. 1 2 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J. (2019). "Myopterus daubentonii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T14102A22046398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T14102A22046398.en.
  95. 1 2 Solari, S. (2019). "Molossops mattogrossensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T13640A22109057. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13640A22109057.en.
  96. 1 2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2016) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Nyctinomops macrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T14996A97207443. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14996A22010988.en.
  97. 1 2 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Nyctinomops laticaudatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T14995A22011208. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14995A22011208.en.
  98. 1 2 Solari, S. (2019). "Nyctinomops aurispinosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T14993A22010682. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T14993A22010682.en.
  99. 1 2 Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Álvarez-Castañeda, S. T. (2015). "Nyctinomops femorosaccus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T14994A22010542. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14994A22010542.en.
  100. 1 2 Monadjem, A.; Jacobs, D.; Cotterill, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J. (2017). "Tadarida aegyptiaca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T21312A22115459. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T21312A22115459.en.
  101. 1 2 Armstrong, K. N. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Otomops papuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T15649A209523988. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T15649A209523988.en.
  102. 1 2 Richards, L. R. (2017). "Otomops harrisoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T95558305A95558309. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T95558305A95558309.en.
  103. 1 2 Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Walston, J.; Kingston, T.; Senawi, J. (2016). "Otomops formosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T15645A22112831. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15645A22112831.en.
  104. 1 2 Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Suyanto, A.; Kingston, T.; Senawi, J. (2016). "Otomops johnstonei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T15647A22112472. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15647A22112472.en.
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